Module 7 Exam
Which level of ecological organization includes both the living and nonliving components of a functional system?
- Community
- Organism
- Ecosystem
- Population
A population is a
- group of individuals of several interacting species that live in one area
- group of individuals of a single species that live and interact in one area
- group of individuals of several interacting species that interact in multiple ecosystems
- sum of all individuals of a species in all locations
Taylor wants to know how herbivores of different sizes affect the types of plants found in a certain area. What sort of ecologist is Taylor?
- biosphere ecologist
- ecosystem ecologist
- population ecologist
- community ecologist
Which of the following would a clumped population dispersion pattern?
- oak trees planted on city streets
- earthworms in the soil of a garden
- a pod of 40 migrating whales
- a field of wildflowers
Exponential growth is sometimes referred to as the ‘J’ curve.
- True
- False
Which of the following models of population growth includes the concept of a carrying capacity?
- Exponential growth
- Logistic growth
- Arithmetic growth
- Geometric growth
Which of the following is an example of a density-independent factor?
- a disease on wheat plants in a wheat field
- cold weather causing seedlings in a field to freeze
- a specialist searching for a particular type of plant that is its food source
- a plant parasite, such as mistletoe
A Type I survivorship curve, with higher death rates at older ages, is typical of
- large mammals (including humans!)
- weedy plants, like dandelions
- organisms such as flies and toads
- birds
r-selected species tend to _________
- be large
- provide lots of parental care
- be opportunists
- produce large young
K-selected species (aka equilibrium species) provide very much parental care for their young.
- True
- False
A pyramidal age-structure diagram is the result of high juvenile mortality and high reproductive rates.
- True
- False
The current world human population size is about _________
- 2 billion
- 12 billion
- 7 billion
- 100 billion
When one competitor species eliminates another competitor from the habitat, it is called ___________
- extinction
- a loss of a keystone species
- niche partitioning
- competitive exclusion
Niche partitioning (or resource partitioning) results in lower levels of competition over time.
- True
- False
Those species that are central to the stability of a community are called ________
- r-selected species
- dominant species
- keystone species
- herbivores
Species evenness is a measure of the total number of species occupying a habitat
- True
- False
Camouflage is a strategy that can be used by ___________
- prey species
- predator species
- both predator and prey
- neither predator nor prey
Which event would represent primary succession?
- Weeds growing through cracks in a sidewalk
- Letting your yard grow wild
- An abandoned farmer’s field
- Grasses growing on a new volcanic island
Which factors define the nature and distribution of earth’s biomes?
- Species diversity
- Plant abundance
- Temperature
- Both precipitation and temperature
Approximately what percentage of energy is available in each successive trophic level in a typical energy pyramid?
- 0.1%
- 1%
- 10%
- 100%
In an ecological energy pyramid, an animal that eats an animal that eats an animal that eats plants would be called a ________.
- primary consumer
- secondary consumer
- tertiary consumer
- quarternary consumer
Which of the following trophic levels has the lowest energy content and biomass?
- producers
- detritivores
- top carnivores
- primary consumers
Question 25
Name and discuss four of the top threats to biodiversity. Include in your answer a specific example of each.
Biology 1 – Life Sciences
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