Match the following organelles with their function.

Which of the following does not apply to the cell cytoskeleton?

1. It helps to maintain overall cell organization.
2. It is used to change the overall shape of the cell.
3. It assists in the formation of protein molecules.
4. It contributes to movement within the cell as well to to the cell itself.

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of lipids?

1. Mitochondrion
2. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
3. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
4. The nucleus

The central vacuole of plant cells stores water only.

1. True
2. False

Tay-Sachs disease is a neurological disorder in which a defective enzyme prohibits the breakdown of phospholipids called gangliosides. Enzymes that break down molecules in a cell are typically found in which organelle?  

1. endoplasmic reticulum
2. mitochondria
3. Golgi apparatus
4. cytoplasm
5. lysosomes

You are working on a forensics team and collect cells from a crime scene. The cells have a cell wall made of cellulose. This sample most likely came from

1. a plant
2. an archaean
3. a bacterium
4. an animal
5. a fungus

A ball at the top of a hill is an example of______ and a ball rolling down the hill is an example of ______.  

1. potential energy; kinetic energy
2. noncompetitive inhibition; competitive inhibition
3. kinetic energy; potential energy
4. exergonic reaction; endergonic reaction

The Second Law of Thermodynamics is also known  as

1. The Law of Ecology
2. The Law of Entropy
3. The Law of Conservation of Energy
4. None of the above

Energy changes form within biological systems, but is never created nor destroyed.

1. True
2. False

Entropy is

1. order
2. simplicity
3. disorder
4. complexity

Oxidation-reduction reactions 

1. transfer electrons from one molecule to another.
2. transfer protons from one molecule to another.
3. reduce the amount of oxygen in the cell.
4. are not used by living cells.

The most important aspect of an enzyme that defines its ability to function is

1. its size
2. its molecular shape
3. the number of covalent bonds its has
4. its abundance in the cell

Reduction means a loss of electrons from an atom or molecule

1. True
2. False

The region of an enzyme that catalyzes reactions is called  

1. a binding pocket
2. an active site
3. a reaction site
4. a catalyst site

The energy currency of cells is

1. NaCl
2. ATP
3. glucose
4. ADP
5. NADP

The diagram above shows a beaker with water and salt separated by a membrane that is selectively permeable to water. Which direction will mater move?

1. towards solution B
2. towards Solution A
3. No answer text provided.
4. water will not move across the membrane

Simple diffusion

1. moves molecules against a concentration gradient
2. does not require energy
3. utilizes proteins to move molecules across a membrane
4. requires energy

Larger items can enter cells in vesicles through a process called exocytosis.

1. True
2. False

Active transport uses energy and a transport protein to move a substance against a concentration gradient

1. True
2. False

If the environment surrounding a cell has a lower concentration of solute than the cell

1. the environment is hypotonic to the cell.
2. the cell will die
3. the cell will not experience a net gain or loss of water.
4. the environment is isotonic to the cell.
5. the environment is hypertonic to the cell.

How many of the following organelles occur in your skin cells: 

mitochondria, ribosomes, nucleus, lysosomes, chloroplasts, vacuole, ER

1. 4
2. 6
3. 3
4. 5
5. 7
6. 1
7. 2

All cells, from the simplest to the most complex, possess certain structures/molecules in common. List, and briefly describe, five of structures/molecules that ALL cells possess.

What are enzymes? Briefly describe how enzymes work and list three factors that affect enzyme activity.