Question 1 .

The structuring and organization of stimulation in the brain, received from the environment through the transducers to the brain refers to…

1. kinesthesia.
2. transduction.
3. perception.
4. the mixer.
5. aphasia.

Question 2 .

A percept is the result of…

1. inherited neurologic structures and function.
2. past experiences.
3. expectancies.
4. needs.
5. all of the above.

Question 3 .

Perception is ultimately…

1. reality.
2. a guess.
3. a dream.
4. dependent upon intelligence
5. all of the above.

Question 4 .

Perceiving the endless staircase (below) is an example of…

1. a closure task.
2. a hidden figure ground task.
3. a masked figure ground task
4. a reversible figure ground task.
5. a visual acuity task.

Question 5 .

Perception …

1. is a process.
2. takes time to complete.
3. can result in confusion if faulty.
4. is effected by learning or past experiences.
5. all of the above

Question 6 .

As the redundancy of a message increases …

1. the amount of information decreases.
2. the signal becomes longer.
3. the message takes longer to decode.
4. the message becomes more complicated.
5. all of the above.

Question 7 .

Grammatical rules, repetition and concepts…

1. are elements of new information in a message.
2. make a message harder to decode.
3. are a form of redundancy.
4. make the message signal much longer.
5. increase the time it takes to process a message.

Question 8 .

 At the Specific Level of Perceptual organization….

1. the figure appears to move forward being even on top of the ground.
2. the range of perceptual guessing is reduced.
3. the figure becomes more durable (i.e. resistant to masking)’
4. all of the above.
5. none of the above.

Question 9 .

Visual Acuity is…

1. the structuring and organizing of impulses after they have been transduced by the eye.
2. based on intelligence.
3. the ability of the retina to resolve discrete lines.
4. the ability to shift focus from near to far or visa versa.
5. all of the above.

Question 10 .

Babies are born with the capacity to perceive changes in brightness as well as adults…

1. TRUE.
2. FALSE.
3. only by the time they are teenagers.
4. only if they are given special glasses.
5. none of the above.

Question 11 .

The most powerful stimulus source for a baby is….

1. television.
2. the human face when speaking.
3. pictures of mommy and daddy.
4. animation on an IPad.
5. all of the above are equally stimulating.

Question 12 .

Size and Shape constancy…

1. provide redundancy in a stimulus.
2. improves the speed of perceptual processing.
3. is a perceptual process that modifies perceptual images.
4. simplifies the perception of the world environment.
5. all of the above.

Question 13 .

The Perceptual skill of Spatial Relations involves an awareness of …

1. the right vs left and up vs down orientation of an object.
2. the position in space of things relative to other things as the center point in space.
3. size and shape constancy.
4. figure ground discrimination.
5. visual acuity.

Question 14 .

To decode the following message, “I                   w               a              n              t                        

   a   n                    A”               i              n                       th                i        s         cl  

                  a                        ss” when sounded out requires the perceptual skill of…

1. figure ground discrimination (aural).
2. figure ground discrimination (statistical).
3. Signal to noise discrimination.
4. auditory blending.
5. temporal resolving power.

Question 15 .

Sound localization requires…

1. two good ears.
2. one good ear.
3. three good ears and a Ph.D.
4. two good eyes.
5. none of the above.

Question 16 .

What does the IRE model stand  for… (from Born to Talk)

1. Response, Initiates and Evaluates.
2. Recall, Intentions, Elaborates.
3. Response, Initiates, Elaborates.
4. Recall, initiates, Elaborates/
5. Response, Innovation, Evaluates.

Question 17 .

What is the consolidation phase?   (From Born to Talk)

1. When a child writes strings of words, using the same vocabulary and rules of grammar he uses in his speech.
2. When a child’s writing becomes differentiated from the way he/she talks through the use of more sophisticated grammar in writing than in speaking.
3. When a child has learned the basics of writing.
4. When a child is using a number of spelling strategies.
5. When a child is able to represent vowels as well as consonants with letters.

Question 18 .

Nelson (1985) describes the _______________ as the knowledge students must learn regarding the world—knowledge that is shared at particular grade levels, regardless of cultural backgrounds of individual students. (from Born to Talk)

1. pragmatics.
2. morphology.
3. deep structure.
4. surface structure.
5. cultural curriculum.

Question 19 .

If you were asked to describe the basic format of instruction in a typical elementary or junior high school classroom, we suspect you would describe what Mehan (1979) calls the____________…(from Born to Talk)

1. classroom curriculum.
2. IRE model.
3. reading, writing and arithmetic, taught to the tune of a hickory stick.
4. instructional conversation.
5. lapse of logic

Question 20 .

Sometimes, instruction occurs in the context of classroom discussions during, which students talk to one another as well as to the teacher. This format is known as__________. (from Born to Talk)

1. shared responsibility for learning.
2. instructional conversation.
3. revoicing.
4. lapse of logic.
5. classroom curriculum.