Module 1 Quiz

A  your intuition is better than research.

B  you have fallen prey to your blind spot bias.

C  research is probabilistic.

D  you have cherry-picked information to support your conclusion.

A  to know what evidence people like best

B  to avoid falling into the pitfalls of personal biases

C  to identify the most intuitive explanations

D  to be able to sway people with a good story

A  Did the researcher randomly assign participants?

B  To what populations can we generalize this claim?

C  Are the groups large enough to find a significant difference?

D  How well did the experiments manipulate the variables?

A  “seems to decrease”

B  “is at higher risk of”

C  “curbs”

D  “suggests a change”

A  Hypotheses and theories are synonymous terms.

B  Hypotheses are used to determine if a theory is accurate.

C  Theories are used to determine if a hypothesis is accurate.

D  Multiple theories are needed to test whether a hypothesis is accurate.

A  Operational definitions answer the question, “Why did the researchers measure this variable?”

B  Conceptual definition and operational definition mean the same thing.

C  Some psychological concepts are more difficult to operationally define than others.

D  Some psychological concepts cannot be operationally defined.

A  a clinical psychologist who examines the effectiveness of art therapy in decreasing symptoms of ADHD

B  a sports psychologist who uses information on how we emotionally process victory to design an intervention for improving mental stamina during athletic performance

C  an industrial-organizational psychologist who is interested in the components of job satisfaction

D  a cognitive psychologist who examines people’s ability to distinguish between colors based on light exposure

A  a clinical psychologist who examines the effectiveness of drama therapy in helping children who have been abused

B  an industrial-organizational psychologist who is interested in the components of job commitment

C  an educational psychologist who examines how mindset (“intelligence is innate” or “intelligence can be achieved”) affects academic performance

D  an experimental psychologist who examines people’s ability to perceive a “sweet” taste

A  to gain attention by journalists

B  to share their findings with the general public

C  to have their results reviewed by other psychologists

D  to get money from the journals where their work appears

A  one that is measured

B  one that has one level

C  one that is manipulated

D  one that is kept constant

A  Texting while driving is associated with poor impulse control.

B  Most drivers have reported texting while driving.

C  Texting interferes with a driver’s ability to pay attention.

D  Teens spend too much time texting and driving.

A  translational research

B  evidence-based treatment

C  hypotheses

D  empiricism

A  both strong positive associations and strong negative associations

B  neither strong positive associations nor strong negative associations

C  strong negative associations

D  strong positive associations

A  A good story is never the true explanation for a scientific finding.

B  A good story may not be supported by data.

C  Good stories are not falsifiable.

D  Scientific findings never have commonsense explanations.

A  There is no problem with Vanessa’s reasoning.

B  Vanessa’s belief that she sleeps better with music is not falsifiable.

C  Vanessa is biased because she sleeps in the same bed every night.

D  Vanessa may be sleeping better because she is less distracted by studying and goes to bed sooner.

A  strengthens your ability to make a causal claim.

B  strengthens your ability to make a frequency claim.

C  increases internal validity.

D  decreases internal validity.

A  No, because you have not confirmed the presence of an imaginary friend for all children.

B  Yes, because there is no alternative explanation for these findings.

C  Yes, because all of the data are consistent with the hypothesis.

D  No, because you do not have a theory to support your hypothesis.

A  frequency

B  association

C  operational

D  causal

A  translational research.

B  applied research.

C  empirical research.

D  basic research.

A  the temporal precedence of the study

B  the external validity of the study

C  the covariance of the study

D  the internal validity of the study

A  the number of words on the list

B  the length of the distractor task

C  the content of the words

D  the number of words remembered

A  because the author of the study already did

B  because the study’s claim is an association claim

C  because he has not taken statistics yet

D  because he is a student, not a researcher

A  Dr. LaSalle’s claim makes a stronger statement than Dr. Ramon’s claim.

B  Dr. Ramon’s claim makes a stronger statement than Dr. LaSalle’s claim.

C  Dr. LaSalle’s claim is the same as Dr. Ramon’s claim.

D  Dr. Ramon’s claim involves more variables than Dr. LaSalle’s claim.

A  one

B  five

C  four

D  two

A  effort put into playing the game

B  the type of game

C  the number of researchers

D  the gender of the participant

A  journalists

B  depressed patients

C  social workers

D  clinical researchers

A  a panel of experts

B  the editor of the journal

C  the publisher of the journal

D  Nadia, the author of the article

A  using the “or” function for all thesaurus synonyms for autism.

B  “autism treatment” and “behavioral” and enter an age range of interest.

C  “autism spectrum disorder” or “treatment” or “symptom improvement.”

D  “autis*treatment.”

A  when they have conducted scientific research on the topic

B  when they have a scientific degree

C  when they present all the evidence on a topic

D  when they based their opinions on their intuition

A  answers.

B  research.

C  data.

D  questions.

A  introduction of a journal article.

B  method section of a journal article.

C  discussion section of a journal article.

D  results section of a journal article.

A  popular magazines

B  edited books

C  scientific journals

D  an expert’s dissertation

A  skepticism

B  falsifiability

C  empiricism

D  replication

A  reminding yourself that because you know about potential biases, you cannot fall prey to them

B  using common sense to understand scientific data

C  remaining objective as you interpret scientific data

D  finding evidence that confirms your hypotheses

A  find and read the original scientific article

B  research the credentials of the author of the popular media article

C  check that the popular media article includes the statistical significance of the results

D  determine whether the results fit within the theories you learned in your psychology classes

A  a chapter in an edited book

B  a meta-analysis

C  a review journal article

D  a trade book

A  organized skepticism

B  universality

C  communality

D  disinterestedness

A  It does not have a hypothesis.

B  It is not falsifiable.

C  It is not translational research.

D  It is provable.

A  causal association

B  negative association

C  zero association

D  positive association

A  predictions.

B  confounds.

C  hypotheses.

D  biases.

A  a review journal article.

B  a PsycWiki.

C  a meta-analysis.

D  a chapter in an edited book.

A  “The data prove my theory.”

B  “My theory is generalizable.”

C  “The data provide support for my theory.”

D  “The data complicate my theory.”

A  a confirmation bias.

B  overconfidence.

C  the availability heuristic.

D  a present/present bias.

A  are typically written by scientists.

B  are typically written for scientists.

C  do not require specialized education to read.

D  are hard to access.

A  observation.

B  prediction.

C  theory.

D  outcome.

A  motivated thinking

B  confirmation bias

C  bias blind spot

D  faulty intuition

A  practical research.

B  compound research.

C  empirical research.

D  translational research.

A  As study time increased, exam grades decreased at first and then increased.

B  As study time increased, exam grades increased.

C  As study time increased, exam grades increased at first and then decreased.

D  As study time increases, exam grades decreased.

A  the criterion of covariance

B  the criterion of temporal precedence

C  the criterion of external validity

D  the third-variable criterion

A  Application

B  Falsifiability

C  Empiricism

D  Theorizing