Exam 1

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Question #1

A _____ uses metabolic energy to heat its body. A _____ loses metabolic heat and must maintain body temperatures using alternative means.

A homeotherm, endotherm

B endotherm, ectotherm

C ectotherm, endotherm

D endotherm, pokilotherm

E pokilotherm, homeotherm

Question #2

The process in which the continental land masses have moved their positions on Earth’s surface due to plate tectonics is known as __________.

A continental drift

B geoforming

C geotaxis

D continental uplift

E contiental rise

Question #3

The nutrients __________, __________, and __________ are often scarce in the water column because they are used up quickly by autotrophs during photosynthesis.

A Iron, Zinc, Nitrate

B Sulfur, Oxygen, Carbon

C Nitrate, Phosphorous, Iron

D Phosphorous, Carbon, Oxygen

Question #4

Seawater turbidity and dissolved materials influence light penetration. In temperate waters, ___________ wavelengths (color) of light penetrate the furthest into seawater, whereas in tropical waters ___________ light travels the deepest.

A red, green

B blue, green

C green, blue

D blue, blue

Question #5

The metabolic wastes excreted by herbivores, as well as other dissolved organic particles are known as _____________ and are an energy source for deep sea organisms.

A marine snow

B nitrogenous waste

C marine debris

D dissolved organic carbon

Question #6

When oceanic plates collide with continental plates, which plate is subducted?

A continental plate

B it depends

C oceanic plate

D both

Question #7

The largest continuous geological feature on earth is the _____.

A Puerto Rico Trench

B Mariana Trench

C Rocky Mountains

D Pacific Ocean

E Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Question #8

The founder of modern oceanography and marine biology is often credited as British naturalist Charles Darwin.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #9

In organisms known as ____________, the salt content of their cellular tissues is identical to that of the surrounding seawater; on the other hand, _________ are able to control the salt content of their internal body fluids.

A osmolytes, ectolytes

B ectotherms, homeotherms

C osmoconformer, osmoregulator

D ionoconformer, ionoregulator

E homeotherms, ectotherms

Question #10

Two ions, ____________ and ____________, comprise about 85% of the solutes in seawater. (Choose two).

A silicon

B sodium

C chloride

D magnesium

E iron

Question #11

Seasonality in temperate and polar waters produces a shallow _______ in the surface layer, however, in the tropics this phenomena is absent.

A wind-driven upwelling zone

B seasonal thermocline

C regional nutrient enrichment

D gyre

Question #12

Earth goes through periods of glaciation and alternating interglacial periods. Earth is currently in a _________ period, that began at the end of the __________ ~11,700 years ago.

A interglacial, Holocene

B glaciation, Silurian

C interglacial, Paleocene

D interglacial, Pleistocene

E glaciation, Miocene

Question #13

The blood of marine fish is less salty relative to seawater and they _____ salt along their gills; freshwater fish blood is more salty than freshwater and they ____ salt at the gills.

A gain, lose

B gain, concentrate

C concentrate, gain

D lose, gain

Question #14

Who were the first marine scientists to travel around the Pacific Ocean using natural phenomena as their navigational tools?

A Captain Cook

B Ferdinand Magellan

C Vikings

D Pacific Islanders

Question #15

Which of the following are considered to be branches of marine science?

A All of these

B Chemistry

C Zoology

D Anthropology

E Physics

Question #16

The east coast of the United States is a passive margin characterized by:

A Offshore trench

B Steep and rocky shorelines

C Gentle continental slope

D Mountains along the coast

E Short continental shelf

Question #17

Trenches are formed where:

A A plate moves above another

B A plate splits and opens up

C A plate is lifted by another

D A plate sinks beneath another

E Sea floor spreading takes place

Question #18

There is scientific evidence that the earth and the rest of the solar system formed approximately:

A 10 million years ago

B 5 million years ago

C 4.6 billion years ago

D 1 billion years ago

E 10.5 billion years ago

Question #19

The world’s largest and deepest ocean:

A Atlantic Ocean

B Arctic Ocean

C Antarctic Ocean

D Indian Ocean

E Pacific Ocean

Question #20

An earthquake occurred off the island of Java. Afterwards an ocean buoy detects a wavelength of 42 ft. Scientists in Hawaii are determining whether this is a sign of an approaching tsunami. Based on the relationship of wavelength to wave-height, the approaching wave is estimated to be _______ ft and an alarm is ______.

A 60, called off

B 700, announced

C 83, announced

D 6, called off

E 100, announced

Question #21

The major surface currents of the oceans rotate counterclockwise in the _____ hemisphere and clockwise in the ______ hemisphere.

A Northern, Southern

B Western, Eastern

C Southern, Northern

D Northern, Northern

E Southern, Southern

Question #22

Glucose is an example of a:

A Lipid

B Hormone

C Protein

D Carbohydrate

E Starch

Question #23

A ______ maintains a constant body temperature. An organisms that lacks thermoregulation and has a variable body temperature is a _______.

A osmoconformer, osmoregulator

B poikilotherm, homeotherm

C endotherm, ectotherm

D homeotherm, poikilotherm

E poikilotherm, osmoconformer

Question #24

The modern scientific method is based on the work of:

A Posidious

B Plato

C Herodotus

D Neptune

E Aristotle

Question #25

Gyres are:

A The driving force behind hurricanes and typhoons

B Limited to continental margins

C Large circular systems of surface currents

D Influenced by the Coriolis effect only in the Northern Hemisphere

E Found only in the Pacific Ocean

Question #26

All of the following are examples of asexual reproduction EXCEPT:

A Fragmentation

B Fertilization

C Fission

D Budding

E None of the above

Question #27

Which of the following ocean bottom-types is composed of a large number of shell pieces secreted by life forms?

A Terrigenous

B Diogenous

C Biogenous

D Hydrogenous

E None of the above

Question #28

After World War II, which of the following technological developments opened the doors to new reseach areas in marine science?

A Research vessels

B Deep-water dredges

C Marine laboratories

D Nets

E Sonar

Question #29

Phylogenetics is the study of _________.

A evolutionary time

B drivers of environmental change

C organisms’ physiological ecology

D organisms’ evolutionary history

Question #30

Which of the following is NOT one of the world’s major ocean basins:

A Pacific

B Antarctic

C Indian

D Arctic

Question #31

The rule of constant proportions states that within the ocean:

A Sodium varies with depth

B Salinity varies with location

C Chlorine varies with location

D Ion concentrations don’t change

E Salinity varies with season

Question #32

Which of the following organic molecules store energy, provide insulation, make up cell membranes, and assist in buoyancy?

A Amino Acids

B Lipids

C Proteins

D Nucleic Acids

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