Final Test 2

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Question #1

The sequencing of the Neandertal genome clearly indicates there was NO
interbreeding between Neanderthals and humans that occupied the same
regions.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #2

There is no solid evidence indicating that humans are contributing to climate
change.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #3

The consensus among most world leaders, scientists and other experts is
that there isn’t much that can be done about global warming so there’s no
reason to spend money and time researching technology that can slow it
down.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #4

Which of the following will potentially impact Californians as a result of increased global warming?

A Coastal flooding as a result of rising sea levels

B Changes to our economy as a result of agricultural crops that can no longer be
grown here

C More severe droughts

D Increased cases of heat-related and respiratory illnesses

E all of the above

Question #5

When discussing natural selection, the term “fitness” is best thought of as an
individual’s:

A strength

B physical fitness

C reproductive success

D physical attractiveness

Question #6

In the constant struggle to develop insecticides that effectively kill the pests that feed on agricultural crops, _______________ are the environmental pressure that result in differing rates of reproductive success among insects, often resulting in the evolution of a largely resistant population.

A weather conditions

B the insects

C the insecticides

D the ineffective farming methods that are often used

E wheat and other grains that insects feed on

Question #7

Early on in human evolution, natural selection favored dark skin closest to the equator,
where sunlight and exposure to UV light is most intense.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #8

Carriers of the sickle-cell allele (i.e. those with a heterozygous genotype) are fittest in
environments with high frequencies of:

A Malaria

B HIV/AIDS

C Syphillis

D Tuberculosis

E Cholera

F various bacterial infections

Question #9

Regarding Neandertal classification, the “lumper’s perspective” can best be
described as:

A Homo sapiens and Neandertals were the same species

B Neandertals and H. erectus were actually the same species

C Neandertals were one of many hominin species living during the Middle
Paleolithic

D Neandertals and archaic H. sapiens didn’t interbreed

E none of the above

Question #10

Early and modern Homo sapiens had cranial and skeletal features that were
larger and more robust than those of Neandertals.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #11

Archaic Homo sapiens are viewed by scientists as transitional species.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #12

Neandertal bodies are mostly adapted to warm climates.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #13

Unlike the burials of Homo sapiens of the Upper Paleolithic, Neandertal
burials:

A always occur in caves

B include a variety of grave goods

C never include children

D none of the above

E all of the above

Question #14

Today, all scientists feel that Neandertals should be classified as a distinct
species that was genetically separated from Homo sapiens.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #15

Because the skeleton grows rapidly during childhood, it is harder to assess
the age of a child or subadult individual.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #16

__________________ trauma may indicate the cause of a victim’s death.

A Premortem

B Postmortem

C Perimortem

Question #17

There are techniques available that allow forensic anthropologists to estimate
an individual’s weight.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #18

Which of the following is NOT used by forensic anthropologists to determine
an individual’s sex?

A nasal bones

B skull

C pelvic bones

Question #19

How do anthropologists tell African Late Stone Age and European Upper
Paleolithic tools apart from those of the Middle Stone Age?

A African LSA and Upper Paleolithic tools are clearly simpler in design and
less complex in function as compared to the ones of the Middle Stone Age

B The tools of all three industries are virtually impossible to distinguish from
each other

C Both African LSA and Upper Paleolithic tools reveal that their tool makers
possessed a higher skill level and set of abilities and Many of the African LSA and Upper Paleolithic tool kits included blades

D Many of the African LSA and Upper Paleolithic tool kits included blades

E African LSA and Upper Paleolithic tools reveal that their tool makers
possessed a higher skill level and set of abilities

Question #20

We can look at the changes in tool cultures associated with modern humans
as a story of two continents: _______ and Africa.

A Europe

B Australia

C the Americas

D Asia

Question #21

Biomedical anthropologists study human health and disease using a
biocultural perspective.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #22

The Black Death is a good example of how migration can spread infectious
disease.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #23

Problems associated with the so-called thrifty-gene is associated with:

A diets of excess

B diabetes

C obesity

D all of the above

Question #24

Antibiotics are particularly effective because bacteria never evolve
a resistance to them.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #25

When humans started using agriculture to feed themselves (instead of
hunting and gathering), our species began experiencing a healthier, diseasefree
lifestyle.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #26

Compared to contemporary diets, the hunter-gatherer diet is:

A very high in fat

B low in nutrients

C low in fiber

D high in micronutrients and proteins

Question #27

In the TB example in the “Evolutionary Arms Race” video, the microbes that
were the fittest were the:

A ones that were most drug-resistant

B dominant ones (= there were more of them)

C fastest ones

D slowest ones

E largest ones

Question #28

When the Kennewick Man’s remains were first discovered, it was assumed
they belonged to a modern murder victim.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #29

Which country outside Africa contains reliable evidence of modern humans
prior to 60,000 years ago?

A Israel

B Indonesia

C Australia

D Korea

E Greece

Question #30

Anthropologists think that cave art, body adornment and portable art are
evidence of the importance of symbolism to the people of the Upper
Paleolithic/Late Stone Age.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #31

The ability of modern humans to exploit a wider variety of natural resources
for food than Neanderthals or other archaic humans did, ultimately led to the
development of __________________, starting about 10,000-12,000 years
ago.

A cities

B art

C culture

D civilizations

E agriculture

Question #32

The replacement and multiregional models attempt to explain why humans
evolved large brains.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #33

Evidence suggests that modern humans were in the New World before they
were in Europe

A FALSE

B TRUE

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