Test 2

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Question #1

Insects, and other animals without backbones, are classified as Vertebrates.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #2

Genetic mutations never provide any good traits or benefits for individuals
that wind up with them.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #3

An individual has an autosomal recessive disease when:

A they are homozygous for a dominant, disease-causing allele

B they are heterozygous for a dominant, disease-causing allele

C they are homozygous for a recessive, disease-causing allele

D none of the above

Question #4

Dihybrid cross-experiments were essential to:

A discovering the nature of dominant and recessive alleles

B Mendel’s law of independent assortment

C discovering the particulate nature of inheritance in general

D Mendel’s law of segregation

Question #5

It is likely that every individual carries a mutation in some gene.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #6

The term genotype can best be defined as:

A an individual’s gametes

B the physical expression of an individual’s genes

C the total number of genes for a species

D the alleles that an individual has inherited from their parents

Question #7

Most human traits are the result of the actions of multiple genes, and are
described as:

A monogenic

B genotypic

C polygenic

D pleiotropic

E none of the above

Question #8

An individual’s physical features, or the way their genetic make-up is
expressed, is known as:

A dominance

B genotype

C phenotype

D allele

Question #9

Mendel’s discoveries disproved the blending theory of inheritance (= the
mixing of genetic material from both parents).

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #10

Select the answer that best completes this sentence: The smaller the
population…

A the lesser the potential effect of gene flow on the frequency of genes within
that population

B the greater the potential effect of genetic drift on the frequency of genes within
that population

C the greater the potential effect of gene flow on the frequency of genes within
that population

D the lesser the potential effect of genetic drift on the frequency of genes within
that population

Question #11

Which one of the following does NOT relate to sexual selection?

A it has resulted in sexual dimorphism in many animal species

B it involves non-random mating

C it’s primarily driven by males selecting the most desirable females

D it acts on only one of the sexes

E it’s largely the result of female choice

Question #12

Identify the example of genetic bottleneck:

A a large diverse population is separated into two distinct gene pools

B a small population (or gene pool) becomes separated from the “parent”
population (or gene pool)

C a large gene pool experiences an increase in size and continues getter larger
over time

D a large gene pool experiences a rapid decrease in size and then increases in
size again over time

Question #13

Hemophilia is X-linked, recessive. If you were a genetics counselor, and a
man with the disease and a woman who was neither a Hemophiliac nor a
carrier wanted to find out if it was possible for them to have a child with the
disease, what would you tell them?

A none of their children will have the disease, but all of their daughters will be
carriers

B all of their sons will have the disease

C all of their daughters will have the disease

D all of their children will have Hemophilia

Question #14

Mendel discovered that yellow seed color in pea plants is dominant to green.
What offspring genotype probabilities are expected for a cross between a
plant that produces yellow seeds (heterozygous genotype) and one that
produces green seeds? (This is an autosomal trait).

A 50% homozygous dominant, 50% heterozygous

B 25% homozygous dominant, 50% heterozygous, 25% homozygous recessive

C 100% heterozygous

D 50% heterozygous, 50% homozygous recessive

Question #15

Humans are mammals.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #16

A species’ ___________ characteristics are what distinguishes it from other
related species.

A derived

B evolved

C shared

D phenotypic

Question #17

Mammals have which of the following characteristics?

A hair/fur for insulation

B “warm-blooded”

C mammary glands

D give birth to fully formed young

E all of the above

Question #18

A cladogram is similar to a family tree but it doesn’t display an evolutionary
timeline.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #19

The lack of hindlimbs in today’s whales (as compared to the limbs of extinct
whale species) is an example of a(n) ____________ trait.

A derived

B ancestral

Question #20

Which one of the following does NOT describe speciation?

A one or more species are formed as a result of reproductive isolation

B it’s included in the concept macroevolution

C it refers to the evolution of new species

D it’s not part of the evolutionary process

Question #21

The canine teeth of the extinct Saber-toothed cat and today’s cats (e.g.
tigers, lions) were inherited from a common ancestral species. This is an
example of a(n) _______________ trait.

A homologous

B speciated

C analogous

D parallel

E convergent

Question #22

Habitat isolation, in which two different species occupy different habitats (e.g.
one lives in the forest canopy, while the other lives among the vines of a rain
forest) is an example of a(n):

A reproductive isolating mechanism

B macroevolution

C speciation event

D adaptive radiation

Question #23

Paleontologists, like those featured in the “Great Transformations” video,
recognize that whales evolved from:

A reptiles

B land mammals

C large, flightless birds

D fish

Question #24

As explained in the “Great Transformations” video, which one of the following
hypotheses, explaining tetrapod evolution, is most widely accepted today?

A limbs evolved after some species had already adapted to living on land

B the first tetrapods evolved from aquatic insects

C limbs evolved in the water, allowing some tetrapods to adapt to life on land

D the first tetrapods had wings, which allowed them to adapt to life outside of
water

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