Quiz 2

A  dependent

B  independent

C  intervening

D  test

A  Only two variables may be included in any particular study.

B  A variable must always be very concrete and straightforward.

C  Research is often designed to discover how variables influence each other.

D  A variable must always be as abstract as possible.

A  All sociological research follows the model of hypothesis.

B  A hypothesis may be either accepted or rejected.

C  Only qualitative studies use hypotheses.

D  A hypothesis is a demonstration of fact.

A  A list of possible outcomes

B  A logical argument with evidence presented

C  An outline of steps that will take place

D  If–then statements

A  qualitative

B  quantitative

C  deductive

D  historical

A  A hypothesis 

B  A plan of analysis

C  A theory

D  A variable

A  review the relevant literature.

B  have it reviewed by an ethics committee.

C  identify available funding.

D  explore possible conflicts of interest.

A  A replication study can demonstrate the reliability of the original findings and indicate what changes have occurred since the original study was conducted.

B  A replication study is useful only if the first study was conducted incorrectly or if there are other reasons to be suspicious of the results.

C  A replication is usually less expensive because most of the work has previously been done.

D  Unless there is a well-founded suspicion of deliberate fraud, there is no reason to replicate a study.

A  It’s best to find a handful of websites that you’re comfortable with and stick to them, even if they do sometimes distort research findings.

B  There really are no longer any reasonably reliable websites. It is best to rely on professional journals.

C  Popular media websites virtually never misstate, exaggerate, or otherwise distort research findings.

D  It is always important to consider who owns the website, as some corporations and organizations may be motivated to misstate research findings.

A  past studies that one may want to expand further.

B  an observation in everyday life.

C  All of these may be a source.

D  past research that one would like to develop a critique of.

A  fourth

B  first

C  second

D  third

A  introspection.

B  statistics.

C  interpretive observations.

D  replicated results.

A  deductive

B  conceptual

C  inductive

D  applied

E    

A  Applied reasoning

B  Conceptual reasoning

C  Deductive reasoning

D  Inductive reasoning

A  applied

B  deductive

C  inductive

D  conceptual

A  Sociology is never humanistic.

B  Sociology focuses only on social problems.

C  Philosophy and personal beliefs are based on empirical evidence.

D  In sociological research, the theory must be testable.

A  Observation

B  Data analysis

C  Hypothesis testing

D  Finding research funding

A  deductive reasoning

B  the scientific method

C  abstract reasoning

D  the inductive method

A  subjective analysis.

B  participant observation.

C  ethnography.

D  actor-action research.

A  content analysis.

B  unobtrusive observation.

C  survey research

D  participant observation.