Lecture Exam 2

A  human intestine at pH 8.5

B  human blood at pH 7.2

C  a hot vent at pH 1.5

D  milk at pH 6.5

A  that they grow well at high pH

B  that they grow well at low oxygen

C  that they grow well at high pressure

D  that they grow well at low oxygen

E  that they grow well at low pH

A  storage

B  protein synthesis

C  reproduction

D  survival

A  the temperature that has the longest time between cell divisions

B  the temperature that allows it to grow with the shortest generation time

C  the temperature that is near one extreme of its range of tolerated temperatures

D  the temperature that has the highest cell growth and highest enzymatic activity

A  they lack the correct salt concentration

B  they lack the correct pH

C  they lack the correct enzymes

D  they lack the correct atmospheric pressure

E  they lack the correct nucleus

A  acidophile.

B  facultative anaerobe

C  osmotolerant.

D  aerotolerant anaerobe.

E  obligate aerobe.

A  decline phase

B  stationary phase

C  exponential or logarithmic phase

D  lag phase

A  due to the exhaustion of nutrients

B  due to the accumulation of toxic metabolites

C  more than one of the above is correct

D  due to the rise in cell density

E  none of these are correct

A  obligate anaerobes

B  facultative anaerobes

C  neutrophiles

D  alkaliphiles

A  none of these are correct

B  adherence to certain surfaces.

C  all of these are correct

D  bacterial conjugation.

E  bacterial motility.

F  two of the choices are correct only

A  aerotolerant anaerobe

B  neutrophile

C  osmotolerant

D  acidophile

A  An individual that is suffering maximum host cell damage and is manifesting clear and distinct symptoms of the particular disease.

B  none of these are correct

C  An individual that has survived the acute phase of the disease because of an effective immune system and/or because of effective treatment.

D  An individual that has been exposed to an infectious microorganism and the microorganism is replicating, but microorganism numbers have not yet reached levels necessary to produce visible symptoms.

A  a phototroph

B  a chemotroph

C  a chemoheterotroph

D  a heterotroph

A  mesophile â growth at 0°C

B  thermophile â growth at 50°C

C  hyperthermophiles â growth at 85°C

D  psychrophile â growth at 15°C

A  thermophiles

B  psychrotrophs

C  acidophiles

D  mesophiles

A  an obligate aerobe

B  an obligate anaerobe

C  an aerotolerant anaerobe

D  a facultative anaerobe

A  mountain lake with a water temperature of 12 °C

B  salt pond in the desert with a daytime temperature of 34 °C

C  contaminated plates left in a 35 °C incubator

D  yogurt cultured at room temperature

A  >40°C

B  25-40°C

C  20-30°C

D  None of these

A  surface membranes of live, living cells.

B  surface structure of fixed cells.

C  internal structure of live, living cells.

D  internal structure of fixed cells.

A  phase-contrast microscopy

B  scanning electron microscopy

C  bright-field microscopy

D  fluorescence microscopy

E  dark-field microscopy

A  length.

B  size

C  light penetration

D  diameter.

A  lower

B  higher

C  no relationship on

D  the same

A  electron microscope

B  darkfield microscope

C  differential interference contrast microscope

D  brightfield microscope

A  light with a long wavelength

B  light with an intermediate wavelength

C  radio wavelength

D  light with a short wavelength

A  the microscope’s clarity.

B  the microscope’s resolution.

C  the microscope’s magnification.

D  the minimum cell size of a cell.

A  bright-field microscopy with staining

B  phase contrast microscopy

C  immunofluoresnce

D  differential Interference Contrast microscopy

A  bright-field

B  scanning electron

C  transmission electron

D  phase-contrast

E  dark-field

A  colon

B  nose

C  hand

D  throat

A  attaching

B  floating

C  reproducing

D  dying

E  moving

A  cell wall

B  flagellum

C  peptidoglycan

D  capsule

A  the presence of anatomical structures such as pili.

B  the production of various enzymatic activities such as hemolysins and leucocidins

C  the production of exotoxins or endotoxins.

D  all of these

A  prevented the virus from attaching to the host cell

B  destroyed the viral nucleic acid

C  none of these are correct

D  more than one of the above is correct

E  prevented the virus from leaving the host cell

F  prevented the virus from entering the host cell

A  cause target cells to mutate

B  cause target cells to function more efficiently

C  punch holes in target cells

D  cause target cells to cell divide

E  more than one of the above is correct

F  none of these are correct

A  flagella

B  endoplasmic reticulum

C  mitochondria

D  more than one of the above is correct

E  nucleus

F  chloroplasts

A  chemotaxis

B  phototaxis

C  tumbling

D  gliding motility

A  water

B  oxygen

C  starvation

D  nutrients

A  move to a new location

B  evade PAMPS activation

C  damage host cells

D  build biofilms

E  evade phagocytosis

A  nucleic acids

B  carbohydrates

C  lipids

D  protein

A  peritrichous

B  monotrichous

C  monotrichous

D  lophotrichous

A  they can cause antibiotic resistance

B  they are used in motility

C  they are used in attachment

D  more than one of the above is correct

E  they are used in DNA exchange

F  none of these are correct

A  thermophiles

B  acidophiles

C  halotolerant

D  barophiles

A  attachment increases motility

B  attachment increases the exchange of genes

C  attachment increases parasitic damage to the host

D  attachment increases endospore formation

A  endospores are more likely to survive treatment with disinfectants

B  endospores are more likely to die in nutritionally poor conditions

C  endospores are more resistant to temperature changes

D  endospores are more resistant to staining

A  axial filament

B  plasma membrane

C  pilum

D  fimbria

A  pili

B  capsule

C  more than one of the above is correct

D  flagellum

E  pore forming toxins

F  none of these are correct