Chapter 6

A  a group leader makes a decision without consulting anyone and the decision turns out to be a bad one.

B  group members seek consensus, discouraging people from speaking freely and end up making a decision based on limited information.

C  a group shares information widely and makes an effective policy decision.

D  a group gets different ideas from everyone and is unable to come up with any decision at all.

A  innovation

B  inertia

C  retreatism

D  ritualism

A  alienation

B  inertia

C  ritualism

D  innovation

A  The less chance for promotion, the higher soldiers’ morale.

B  Whatever their situation in absolute terms, people evaluate themselves and make comparisons to others in specific reference groups.

C  The greater the chances of getting ahead, the happier people are.

D  Happiness is a matter of personal values and standards.

A  that ordinary people are surprisingly independent in their judgments.

B  people are surprisingly likely to follow the orders of not only real authority figures but also groups of ordinary individuals.

C  the ability to withstand pain varies with cultural background.

D  people become angry when others disagree with them.

A  authoritarian leadership

B  laissez-faire leadership

C  democratic leadership

D  expressive leadership

A  many people have weak self-images and seek social approval.

B  many people are unwilling to compromise their own judgment to please authority figures.

C  ordinary people are often not truthful to people who are in power.

D  many people are willing to compromise their own judgment to avoid being seen as different by others.

A  a group

B  a network

C  a category

D  a crowd

A  a primary group.

B  a secondary group.

C  an instrumental group.

D  an expressive group.

A  crowd

B  category

C  group

D  population