Midterm 2

A  Arctic

B  Southern

C  Atlantic

D  Indian

E  Pacific

A  Pacific

B  Indian

C  Southern

D  Atlantic

E  Arctic

A  capillary wave.

B  reflected wave.

C  tide.

D  tsunami.

A  waves approach the shore at an angle

B  waves are reflected off an obstruction

C  wave steepness exceeds a critical value

D  water depth is greater than 1/2 the wavelength

E  a wave train overtakes another wave train

A  wave refraction in deep water

B  principle of decreasing orbital motion with depth

C  thermohaline stratification

D  SOFAR channel for safe navigation

E  principle of constant proportions

A  decreases because the wavelength of the wave must be contained within a smaller water column in shallow water.

B  decreases because the energy of the wave must be contained within a smaller water column in shallow water.

C  increases because the energy of the wave must be contained within a smaller water column in shallow water.

D  increases because the wavelength of the wave must be contained within a smaller water column in shallow water.

A  the horizontal distance between adjacent wave crests

B  the number of waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time

C  the vertical distance between a wave crest and an adjacent trough

D  the time it takes for one full wavelength to pass a given point

E  it’s the same as the wave frequency

F  wave height divided by wavelength

A  wave steepness

B  wave base

C  waveform

D  wave drift

E  wave period

A  Earth’s rotation

B  winds blowing across the ocean surface

C  landslides

D  seismic evenets

E  The gravity between the Moon and the Earth

A  tidal

B  ocean

C  internal

D  splash

E  tsunami

A  splash

B  tidal

C  turbidity

D  internal

E  ocean

A  longitudinal waves

B  refracted waves

C  transverse waves

D  capillary waves

E  orbital waves

A  Antarctic Circumpolar Current

B  South Equatorial Current

C  North Equatorial Current

D  Gulf Stream

A  The Pacific Warm Pool moves West

B  Fisheries off South America are very productive

C  More typhoons hit Southeast Asia

D  Heavy rain and flooding in California

A  larger; slower

B  smaller; faster

C  smaller; slower

D  larger; faster

A  Gulf Stream

B  Agulhas Current

C  Canary Current

D  California Current

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Southern Boundary Current

B  Eastern Boundary Current

C  Western Boundary Current

D  Northern Boundary Current

E  Equatorial Current

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  4

B  5

C  2

D  3

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  the Coriolis effect, necessary for the rotation of hurricanes, does not exist outside the tropics

B  the Rocky Mountains serve as a barrier to keep storms away from the coast

C  the western deserts keep the humidity too low for hurricanes to form

D  the ocean water does not get warm enough to supply the needed heat energy for hurricanes

A  the boundary between two air masses of different temperatures

B  the boundary between two water masses of different size

C  the boundary between two water masses of different temperatures

D  the boundary between two air masses of different size

E    

F  the boundary between two land masses of different temperatures

A  typhoon

B  cyclone

C  hurricane

D  tornado

A  Torrential rain and thunderstorms are common within the eye of the storm

B  Rotation is counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere.

C  The Coriolis Effect curves the path of the hurricane to the left in the Northern Hemisphere.

D  Cold, moist air rises form the ocean surface, creating a low pressure system

A  tropical

B  subpolar

C  equatorial

D  subtropical

E  polar

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  sometimes higher, and sometimes lower

B  always lower

C  always greater

D  the same

A  Earth is tilted on its axis of rotation

B  Earth’s orbit around the Sun is elliptical, rather than circular

C  Solar activity changes over time

D  Earth’s surface is heated unevenly by the Sun

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Earth is the only planet where the Coriolis effect exists

B  Objects moving eastward along the equator will experience the most Coriolis effect

C  Earth’s rotation impacts the circulation of air

D  Objects moving westward along the equator will experience the most Coriolis effect

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  hydroxide (OH-)

B  hydrogen (H+)

C  calcium (Ca 2+)

D  sodium (Na +)

E  magnesium (Mg 2+)

F  chloride (Cl-)

A  acidic; acidic

B  acidic; basic

C  basic; basic

D  basic; acidic

A  temperature and salinity

B  depth and pressure

C  sunlight and darkness

D  the amount of living and dead organisms

A  iceberg melting

B  stream input

C  Sea ice formation

D  rain and snow

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  heat up much more slowly

B  turn to a liquid

C  explode

D  heat up much more quickly

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  condensation of water

B  vaporization of water

C  melting of ice

D  evaporation of water

A  For melting, covalent bonds are broken, whereas for vaporization, hydrogen bonds are broken

B  The boiling point of water is higher than the freezing point.

C  For melting, hydrogen bonds are broken, whereas for vaporization, covalent bonds are broken.

D  For melting, only some hydrogen bonds need to be broken, whereas for vaporization, all hydrogen bonds must be broken.

A  Seawater has lower density than lake water.

B  Oceans have less evaporation compared to lakes.

C  Oceans are larger than lakes, therefore they collect more rainfall and become saltier.

D  Oceans are much older geologic features than lakes, thus they have had more time to accumulate salts from continents.

A  Water molecules are polar. The positive end of water molecules are attracted to negative salt ions, and the negative end of water molecules are attracted to positive salt ions.

B  Both pure water and salts are made of ions. The positive water molecules are attracted to negative salt ions, and the negative water molecules are attracted to positive salt ions.

C  Both pure water and salts are made of ions. The positive water molecules are attracted to positive salt ions, and the negative water molecules are attracted to negative salt ions.

D  Water molecules are polar. The positive end of water molecules are attracted to positive salt ions, and the negative end of water molecules are attracted to negative salt ions.

A  liquid

B  solid

C  gas

A  gas

B  solid

C  liquid

A  gas (vapor)

B  solid

C  liquid

A  liquid

B  gas

C  solid

A  TRUE

B  FALSE