Exam 2 Fast Facts

A  mannose 6-phosphate

B  ubiquitin

C  BiP

D  glycosyltransferase

A  endoplasmic reticulum

B  mitochondrion

C  nuclear envelope

D  Golgi apparatus

A  adaptor molecules selectively bind to cargo molecules

B  invagination of the plasma membrane occurs first followed by coating of the pits by clathrin

C  adaptor molecules recruit the clathrin molecules to the vesicle

D  clathrin molecules assembled into triskelions

A  sequestration of calcium ions.

B  synthesis of steroid hormones.

C  protein modifications.

D  detoxification in the liver.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  They form a belt around the top surface of the cell in order to bind one cell to the next cell.

B  They bind to actin cytoskeletal proteins.

C  They can be used to send signals inside the cell or outside the cell.

D  They use cadherin integral proteins to join two cells.

E  They provide support for mechanical stress.

A  Your skin has tight junctions making a water tight seal.

B  Your skin is strong because of desmosomes.

C  Just keep swimming, just keep swimming, and you will be okay.

D  Your skin has adherens junctions that communicate with the cytoplasm preventing rupture of the cell.

E  Your skin has gap junctions sending electrical signals to the nucleus which then controls the structure of the cell membrane.

A  covalent interactions

B  noncovalent interactions

C  strong interactions and covalent interactions

D  magnetism

A  It gives mechanical support to cells.

B  It serves as a binding surface for cells to adhere to.

C  It is involved in cell to cell interactions.

D  It is part of the barrier to prevent the movement of macromolecules.

A  A carbohydrate modified protein.

B  Repeating carbohydrates attached to a long core protein embedded in the cell membrane.

C  An array of carbohydrates attached to a protein core.

D  Repeating negatively charged disaccharides attached to a protein core which is attached to a long carbohydrate.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  proton movement from intermembrane space to the matrix

B  ATP hydrolysis

C  proton movement from the cytoplasm to the intermembrane space

D  reduction of NADH

A  FAD and O2

B  NADH and H2O

C  H2O and NAD+

D  FADH2 and O2

A  a channel that conducts protons from the intermembrane space back to the matrix

B  an enzyme that synthesizes ATP

C  a channel that conducts protons from the matrix back to the intermembrane space

D  a proton pump

A  Oxygen will be consumed, but no ATP will be produced

B  Oxygen will be consumed, and ATP will be produced

C  Oxygen will not be consumed, and no ATP will be produced

D  Oxygen will not be consumed, but ATP will be produced

A  The reaction would probably take place by coupling it to a reaction with a larger ΔG so that when the ΔG values are added up the sum is positive.

B  The reaction would probably take place by coupling it to a reaction with a larger -ΔG so that when the ΔG values are added up the sum is negative.

C  The reaction would probably take place by coupling it to a reaction with a smaller -ΔG so that when the ΔG values are added up the sum is positive.

D  The reaction would probably take place by coupling it to a reaction with the same positive ΔG so that when the ΔG values are added up the energy levels balance.

A  The reaction is endergonic.

B  The reaction is exergonic.

C  The reaction would never occur spontaneously.

D  None of these answers are correct.

A  proton-motive force

B  Oxygen’s affinity for electrons

C  ATP hydrolysis

D  NADH and FADH2

A  states that energy can be transduced from one form to another.

B  is the law of conservation of energy.

C  All of these statements are correct.

D  states that energy can be neither created not destroyed.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE