Week 2 Step 4 Recall Noba Module 1

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Question #1

______ are professional guidelines that offer researchers a path for making decisions that protect their participants from potential harm.

A Ethics

B Morals

C Rights

D Welfares

E Laws

Question #2

These days, researchers find that about ______ percent of homes across the world have a television, demonstrating the ease with which information can be transmitted to populations.

A 10

B 100

C 50

D 80

E 25

Question #3

In order to make sure that research is conducted in a way that protects the welfare and dignity of its participants, psychology has developed a code of ______ that governs all such exploration.

A professionalism

B morality

C decency

D ethics

E conduct

Question #4

Professor Brown is a psychologist who conducts intelligence research using students from his own courses as his participants. One day he comes into class and posts the results of intelligence tests on the board with each student’s name. Professor Brown has forgotten to attend to which ethical obligation in research?

A debriefing

B confidentiality

C informed consent

D deception

E privacy

Question #5

Shalva suggests that most people outside of industrialized societies do not have telephones in their homes. Loni disagrees, and would most accurately respond in which of the following way after reading the Why Science NOBA module?

A There is no way to know for certain how many people have telephones.

B It isn’t just Western societies that have phones. Most people in Asian societies also have phones in their homes.

C Due to government initiatives across the world, almost every home on every continent now has access to a working telephone.

D Actually, about three-quarters of the world’s population now have access to a mobile phone!

E Actually, more than half of the homes in America and Europe are without a working telephone.

Question #6

Which of the following is an example of an empirical question that could be tested using systematic observation?

A Do teenagers spend more time on their cellphones in a shopping mall than do adults?

B Is the work of Pablo Picasso better or worse than the work of Paul Rodin?

C Is it ethical to conduct research on animals?

D What religion has the best understanding of a higher power?

Question #7

Dr. Miller-Lewis is conducting research aimed at understanding how elderly people can best thrive when residing in an assisted-living facility. She has several logical ideas that can be tested in her research. These ideas, which might be thought of as educated guesses, are called ______.

A abstractions

B methods

C hypotheses

D empiricisms

E theories

Question #8

Oladipo volunteers to be a participant in a research study. When he arrives at the laboratory, he is given a handout that describes the basic purposes of the research and explains that they are not obligated to participate in the study. This handout is related to the ethical consideration of ______ .

A debriefing

B informed consent

C confidentiality

D non-maleficence

E privacy

Question #9

Sometimes considered the core of science, ______ refers to the careful monitoring (or watching) of the natural world with the aim of better understanding it.

A experimentation

B systematic observation

C statistical analysis

D longitudinal research

E the scientific method

Question #10

To demonstrate the enormous contributions that science has made to social and technological changes over the past century, your text author cites the work of Dr. Edward Jenner. Sometimes called the “father of immunology,” Jenner’s work directly led to the development of a vaccine that led to the eradication of ______.

A pertussis

B rubella

C polio

D smallpox

E measles

Question #11

To demonstrate the vast changes that have taken place in the world around us over the last century, consider that average human life expectancy in 1900 was ______ years, and that number has jumped to 79 years in 2010.

A 40

B 55

C 47

D 60

E 32

Question #12

If a psychology study employs deception as part of its methods, the participants must be informed of that deception before their contribution is completed. This opportunity to educate research participants about the true nature of study is called ______.

A debriefing

B due process

C confiding

D exfiltration

E consented informing

Question #13

Dr. Morabian is conducting research that was inspired by studies published 10 years before he got his doctorate. He reads those studies, thinks about how they can be improved, and designs research that will extend their findings. Dr. Morabian’s work demonstrates that science is:

A theft

B objective

C democratic

D relative

E cumulative

Question #14

In what way have scientists Fritz Haber and Norman Borlaug helped to save more than a billion human lives on our planet?

A They developed a method for growing crops in the arctic tundra.

B They designed a program for decoding encrypted communications about potential terrorist attacks around the world.

C They developed hybrid agricultural crops and synthetic fertilizer that allowed us to produce adequate food for the planet.

D They developed medications to vaccinate people against HIV and AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa.

E They developed a method of “patching” the holes in the ozone layer that may have been caused by human emissions.

Question #15

When we develop ______ (groups of closely related phenomena or observations) in science, we must do so in a way that can be tested. Otherwise there is no way to prove (or disprove) them.

A prototypes

B theories

C examples

D schemata

E concepts

Question #16

______ methods in psychological research are approaches to data-gathering that are tied to actual measurement and observation.

A Ethical

B Idiographic

C Scientific

D Empirical

E Nomothetic

Question #17

Which of the following titles of an academic paper best reflects the notion that science is democratic?

A Look at the Data and Form Your Own Opinion.

B To Experiment or Not to Experiment, that is the Question.

C The Myth that Publications Lead to Academic Job Security.

D Statistics: They NEVER Lie!

E Ethics: Who Needs the American Psychological Association?

Question #18

Which ethical guideline would a scientist be breaking if they talked to police to find out personal information about individuals without those individuals’ consent?

A privacy

B non-maleficence

C deception

D informed consent

E autonomy

Question #19

Which notable individual, who was a cousin of evolutionary theorist Charles Darwin, is credited with inventing the self-report questionnaire that allowed people to offer their own judgments or opinions on various matters?

A Wilhelm Stern

B Francis Galton

C William James

D David Buss

E Stanley Hall

Question #20

According to the code of ethics that governs research in psychology, which of the following statements regarding the use of deception is the most accurate?

A As long as deception is explained in the research report, it is ethical to use.

B Deception may be used in research as long as an institutional review board has approved it. It does not need to be shared with research participants.

C Deception is unethical and should never be used in psychological research.

D Research cannot be conducted unless deception is used, otherwise participants can “fake” the data.

E Deception may be used when necessary, but must be followed by a debriefing after the research participation is complete.

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Week 2 Step 4 Recall Noba Module 1

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