Lecture Exam 1

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Question #1

A medical technology student is learning to count blood cells the low-tech way: using a microscope and a special slide called a hemocytometer. She has just found a round, white blood cell that contains large dark-navy granules. The cell’s nucleus appears bilobed, but it’s difficult to see, so she is not sure. The student is probably looking at

A neutrophil

B lymphocyte

C basophil

D eosinophil

E monocyte

Question #2

Which of the following does NOT belong with the group?

A platelet aggregation

B hemophilia

C coagulation

D fibrinolysis

Question #3

Semilunar valves of the heart are positioned:

A between atria and ventricles.

B at the exits of the ventricles.

C at the entrance of the venae cava.

D in the interatrial septum.

Question #4

Stoppage of bleeding is called:

A coagulation

B hemostasis

C vascular spasm

D homeostasis

E platelet plug

Question #5

Put the following in order of increasing complexity (put the simplest item first…).
1. Hemoglobin
2. Heme
3. Erythrocyte
4. Oxygen
5. Cardiovascular System

A 4,2,1,3,5

B 3,2,4,1,5

C 1,2,3,4,5

D 2,4,3,5,1

Question #6

Which of the following is the correct formula used to calculate Cardiac Output (CO)?

A CO = EDV+ SV

B CO = SV x HR

C CO = EDV-ESV

D CO = BP x SV

Question #7

The amount of blood remaining in a ventricle at the end of systole is the

A ejection fraction

B stroke volume

C end-systolic volume

D end-diastolic volume

E cardiac output

Question #8

Which of the following statements about the heart anatomy is incorrect?

A pulmonary artery takes blood form the right ventricle to the lung

B SA node is located at the base of the SVC

C coronary sinus returns blood from the lung to the great cardiac vein

D pulmonary veins return blood from the lungs to the left atrium

E papillary muscles are located in the ventricles of the heart

Question #9

During the transmission of action potentials through the conduction system of the heart, there is a temporary delay at the:

A AV bundle

B bundle branches

C Purkinje fibers

D SA node

E AV node

Question #10

Your teacher gave you a Wright stain with various developmental stages of a certain blood cell. To your delight, you were able to identify (i) myelocytes (ii) myeloid stem cells (iii) hemocytoblasts (iv)and some cells in the band stage! Which of the following is the most likely the blood cell seen on the Wright stain?

A monocytes

B megakarocytes

C eosinophils

D lymphocytes

E erythrocytes

Question #11

Which of the following DOES NOT belong to the group?

A AV bundle

B SA node

C AV valves

D AV node

E Bundle Branches

Question #12

____ is the most abundant leukocytes while ___ is the least abundant phagocytes, respectively.

A Lymphocytes and eosinophils

B Basophils and neutrophils

C Neutrophils and basophils

D Neutrophils and monocytes

E Lymphocytes and monocytes

Question #13

In situation A you have a normal male hematocrit, and in situation B you have a normal female hematocrit. Which of the following statements best represents these 2 situations?

A A < B

B A > B

C A = B

D None of the above

Question #14

Inappropriate use of synthetic erythropoietin, by athletes, may result in increased blood viscosity or elevated hematocrit. This condition is called___________.

A polycythemia

B blood doping

C hypoxia

D thrombosis

E leukopenia

Question #15

During stroke volume, the pressure in the ventricles forces AV and semi-lunar valves open

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #16

All of the following scenarios would have poor effect on venous return EXCEPT:

A a person in a wheelchair

B a person with late stage liver disease

C a person in a marathon

D a bedridden person

Question #17

Jim’s SV= 75ml/b, and ESV = 60 ml. Which of the following is true about Jim’s EDV?

A Jim’s EDV= 60 ml

B Jim’s EDV= 135 ml

C Jim’s EDV= 120 ml

D Jim’s EDV= 125 ml

E Jim has no EDV because his SV is too high

Question #18

Anemia:
1. is a condition in which the ability of the blood to carry oxygen decreases.
2. maybe caused by deficient amounts of iron or vitamin in the diet.
3. is associated with excessive numbers of erythrocytes.
4. is associated with abnormal RBC structure and hemoglobin concentration
5. maybe caused by chronic or acute blood loss

A 3, and 4

B 2, 3, and 4

C 1 only

D 1, 2, 4 and 5

Question #19

During which of the following phases of the cardiac cycle does the ventricle contract, intraventricular pressure rises and, closing of all the valves?

A Isovolumetric contraction

B Isovolumetric relaxation

C Ventricular diastole

D Ventricular filling

E Ventricular ejection

Question #20

Which of these conditions observed in an ECG would most likely suggest that the pacemaker is not conducting action potential?

A complete lack of T wave

B complete lack of QRS complex

C increase cardiac output

D P wave and QRS complexes are not synchronized

E complete lack of P wave

Question #21

All of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

A monocytes must be converted to macrophages before phagocytosis

B eosinophils are specialized to destroy parasites

C hemopoiesis is the process by which formed elements are developed

D erythroblastesis fetalis is the anemia that occurs in Rh – negative mothers

E iron is removed from the blood by the transporter protein transferrin

Question #22

Which of the following best describes the ratio of the formed elements in the blood?

A platelets = WBC

B WBC < RBC

C platelets < WBC

D RBC > platelets >WBC

Question #23

Which of the following is NOT correct?

A The average life span of an erythrocyte is 120 days.

B RBCs are spherical in shape and granulated

C Most adults have around 5 million RBCs/µL of blood.

D RBCs are recycled by the spleen

E Mature red blood cells are called erythrocytes.

Question #24

Cardiac output

A is the volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle into the aorta.

B is the volume of blood ejected from the right ventricle into the pulmonary trunk.

C total amount of blood in the body

D is the product of the stroke volume and the heart rate.

Question #25

The lupp sound is heard during ventricular sytole

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #26

A person experiencing an allergic reaction to a bee sting would have an increase in count.

A neutrophils and basophils

B erythrocytes and thrombocytes

D lymphocytes and eosinophils

E monocytes and neutrophils

F basophils and eosinophils

Question #27

Which of the following indicates a normal differential count in a healthy adult?

A 50% neutrophils, 30% lymphocytes, 15% monocytes, 4% eosinophils, 1% basophils.

B 50% lymphocytes, 30% neutrophils, 10% eosinophils, 8% monocytes, 2% basophils

C 65% lymphocytes, 20% neutrophils, 10% monocytes, 4% eosinophils, 1% basophils.

D 65% neutrophils, 25% lymphocytes, 6% eosinophils, 2% monocytes, 2% basophils.

E 65% neutrophils, 25% lymphocytes, 6% monocytes, 3% eosinophils, 1% basophils.

Question #28

Which of the following is NOT an example of a formed element in whole blood?

A eosinophils

B lymphocytes

C thrombocytes

D erythrocytes

E mast cells

Question #29

Which of the following pair best describes the fate of RBC destruction?

A Heme = is converted into bilirubin which then converts into biliverdin in the liver

B Iron = is converted into transferrin and stercobilin in the liver and large intestine

C Globin = is broken down into amino acids for synthesis of new proteins

D None of the above is correctly matched

Question #30

The valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle is the:

A Both bicuspid and semilunar value

B Semilunar aortic value

C Bicuspid value

D Pulmonic semilunar valve

E Tricuspid value

Question #31

The volume of blood ejected from the ventricles with each heart beat is called________

A Preload

B End diastolic volume (EDV)

C Cadiac Output (CO)

D Stroke volume (SV)

E End Systolic Volume (ESV)

Question #32

A person with end-stage kidney disease may have a red blood cell count that is lower than normal because:

A the damaged kidneys actively destroy red blood cells as they flow through renal vessels.

B not enough erythropoietin is secreted to stimulate red blood cell formation.

C red blood cells are lost into the urine.

D the kidneys don’t synthesize enough hemoglobin.

E the kidneys are an important site of erythropoiesis.

Question #33

B-lymphocytes convert into plasma cells, before they produce antibodies. Which of the following leukocytes must also be converted inot macrophage before phagocytosis?

A monocytes

B T-lymphocytes

C basophils

D neutrophils

Question #34

Mary’s blood test reveals and elevated blood count of 14% eosinophils and 75% neutrophils. What is the most reasonable conclusion can you draw about Mary?

A Mary has Hay Fever and a cold

B Mary may have chronic viral infection

C Mary’s eosinophil, monocyte and lymphocyte counts are normal

D Mary may have a parasitic infection

Question #35

Which of the following substance is NOT a component of plasma?

A iron

B glucose

C creatine

D sodium

E monocyte

Question #36

To calculate EDV , you must sum SV and ESV

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #37

The corresponding mechanical events of P wave and the QRS complex are _____ and ______respectively?

A Contraction of the AV node; relaxation of the SA node

B Repolarization of the ventricles; polarization of the atria and ventricles

C contraction of the atria; contraction of the ventricle

D Depolarization of the ventricles; polarization of the SA Node

Question #38

These are events in clotting of blood, put the answers in CORRECT order.

1. Severing of a vessel

2. Clot retraction

3. Fibrin formation

4. Agglutination of platelets

A 2, 3, 4, 1

B 3, 4, 1, 2

C 4, 1, 2, 3

D 1, 4, 3, 2

Question #39

During the Ventricular Systole, the pressure rapidly ________ in the ventricles forcing the ______ valves closed.

A decreases, semi-lunar

B increases, semi-lunar

C decreases, AV

D increases, AV

Question #40

Which of the following constituent of blood plasma forms the network of fibers seen in a clot during the coagulation process?

A fibrinogen

B thromboplastin

C calcium

D albumin

E prothrombin

Question #41

Given these structures of the conduction system of the heart, choose the arrangement that lists the structures in the order the action potential passes through them.
1. AV bundle
2. AV node
3. Bundle branches
4. Purkinje Fibers
5. SA node

A 2-5-3-1-4

B 5-2-4-3-1

C 2-5-4-1-3

D 5-2-1-3-4

Question #42

Atrial contraction accounts for most of the ventricular filling

A FALSE

B TRUE

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