Nervous System 1

A  Endogenous opioids

B  ATP

C  Carbon monoxide

D  Neuropeptide Y

A  Neuropeptide Y

B  ATP

C  Nitric oxide

D  Carbon monoxide

A  Nitric oxide

B  Endogenous opioids

C  Endocannabinoids

D  Carbon monoxide

A  Endogenous opioids

B  Neuropeptide Y

C  ATP

D  Endocannabinoids

A  Neuropeptide Y

B  ATP

C  Endogenous opioids

D  Nitric oxide

A  Carbon monoxide

B  Endogenous opioids

C  Endocannabinoids

D  ATP

A  Action potential reaches axon terminal
Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels open
Extracellular Ca2+ enters terminal and binds to sensor protein in the cytoplasm
Ca2+-protein complex stimulates fusion of the docked synaptic vesicle with the plasma membrane Exocytosis of neurotransmitter into synaptic cleft

B  Exocytosis of neurotransmitter into synaptic cleft
Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels open
Extracellular Ca2+ enters terminal and binds to sensor protein in the cytoplasm
Action potential reaches axon terminal
Ca2+-protein complex stimulates fusion of the docked synaptic vesicle with the plasma membrane

C  Ca2+-protein complex stimulates fusion of the docked synaptic vesicle with the plasma membrane
Exocytosis of neurotransmitter into synaptic cleft
Action potential reaches axon terminal
Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels open
Extracellular Ca2+ enters terminal and binds to sensor protein in the cytoplasm

D  Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels open
Action potential reaches axon terminal
Ca2+-protein complex stimulates fusion of the docked synaptic vesicle with the plasma membrane
Extracellular Ca2+ enters terminal and binds to sensor protein in the cytoplasm
Exocytosis of neurotransmitter into synaptic cleft

A  Increase the temperature in the body. Increase the amount of voltage gated channels within the Schwann cells

B  Increase the temperature in the body

C  Decrease the diameter of the axon

D  Decrease the diameter of the axon. Increase the diameter of the axon. Increase the myelination of the axon. Decrease the temperature in the body. Increase the temperature in the body. Increase the amount of voltage gated channels within the Schwann cells

A  An individual may experience difficulty initiating movement, or slowness in movement only

B  Production of CSF would be diminished.Production of CSF would be diminished. Toxic substances could easily build up in the brain.

C  The composition of cerebral spinal fluid would be very similar to blood plasma.

D  An individual may experience difficulty initiating movement, or slowness in movement. The composition of cerebral spinal fluid would be very similar to blood plasma.Production of CSF would be diminished.Production of CSF would be diminished. Toxic substances could easily build up in the brain.

A  Myelinated axons transmit nerve impulses via continuous conduction. Myelinated axons would be unaffected by diseases that attack the CNS

B  Myelinated axons transmit nerve impulses via continuous conduction. Myelinated axons transmit nerve impulses in the same manner as unmyelinated axons. Myelinated axons utilize fewer voltage-gated channels than unmyelinated axons of the same length and diameter. Myelinated axons are more energy efficient than unmyelinated axons.

C  Myelinated axons would be unaffected by diseases that attack the CNS.

D  Myelinated axons utilize fewer voltage-gated channels than unmyelinated axons of the same length and diameter. Myelinated axons are more energy efficient than unmyelinated axons.

A  They are a type of neuroglia found in the PNS.

B  They are a type of neuroglia found in the PNS. They would be affected by a demyelinating disease of the PNS. They can surround multiple axons in the CNS at the same time. They myelinate the cell bodies of neurons in the CNS. They contribute to the “white matter” of the brain.

C  They myelinate the cell bodies of neurons in the CNS. They contribute to the “white matter” of the brain.

D  They can surround multiple axons in the CNS at the same time.