Chapter 4 Quiz

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Question #1

_______ occurs in type 2 diabetes because the body’s cells are unresponsive to ___________ in the body.

A Hyperglycemia… insulin…

B Hypoglycemia… glucose

Question #2

For the general population, it is healthy to reduce carbohydrate intake to less than 130 g in order for the body to use protein and excess fat for fuel.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #3

What are important functions of fiber in the body? Choose the most correct answer.
I. Helps regulate blood sugar and cholesterol levels.
II. Contributes to the development of diverticulitis and other bowel diseases.
III. Supports healthy bacteria in the colon.
IV. Contributes to satiety.

A I, II, III

B I, IV

C I, III, IV

D II, III, IV

Question #4

Added sugars are an important part of the diet and provide essential nutrients for the body.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #5

_______ is the most important monosaccharide in the body and is the primary source of energy for all the body’s tissues.

A Fructose

B Glucose

Question #6

What population group is the top sugar consumer, taking in more than a half cup of added sugars in foods and beverages each day, or almost 90 pounds of sugar per year?

A adolescent boys

B men > 60 years old

C adolescent girls

D young-adult women

E women > 60 years old

Question #7

You are trying to decide which type of food from the fruit group to choose for a snack, and you want to choose the one that has the greatest nutritional value. Your best choice would be ________.

A a whole orange

B molasses because it is a highly bioavailable source of iron

C a “fruit juice drink”

D honey because it has fewer calories than other sugars

E fruit jam because it has a higher nutrient content from the fruit

Question #8

A person with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes has just been advised that he should begin a 2,100-calorie diet with 45 percent of the energy coming from carbohydrates. How many grams of carbohydrates would that be?

A 337 grams

B 236 grams

C 105 grams

D 945 grams

E 135 grams

Question #9

What situation is least likely to lead to hypoglycemia?

A well-controlled type 1 diabetes

B excessive insulin administration

C uncontrolled type 2 diabetes

D a person with type 2 diabetes who does not eat on a set schedule

E a person with type 2 diabetes who takes his meal-time insulin, but decides not to eat

Question #10

One typical symptom of hypoglycemia is ________.

A rapid heartbeat

B blurry vision

C frequent urination

D high blood sugar

E nausea/vomiting

Question #11

Which of the following statements about diabetes is true?

A Type 1 diabetes is the most common.

B The body produces insulin in type 2 diabetes, but the cells fail to respond.

C If someone is hypoglycemic, they should be given insulin immediately.

D Type 1 diabetes can be prevented by controlling sugar intake in the diet.

E Type 2 diabetes is never seen in children, so it is not of concern for them.

Question #12

Hormones play an important role in regulating blood glucose levels. What is an example of this?

A Insulin stimulates muscles to release glycogen that body cells can use for energy.

B Insulin reduces glucose uptake and storage among fat cells.

C Glucagon increases removal of glucose from the blood after a meal.

D Epinephrine increases breakdown of liver glycogen to provide glucose in times of danger.

E Glucagon decreases the removal of glucose from the blood during stress.

Question #13

Which recommendation would you make to a person with lactose intolerance?

A choosing yogurt with added milk solids

B choosing yogurt with live cultures

C consuming dairy foods with acidic foods

D complete avoidance of all dairy foods

E consuming large quantities of milk

Question #14

After chewing a piece of bread for a while, you begin to experience a slightly sweet taste. This taste results from ________.

A an abnormal use of the carbohydrate in bread

B the additives used in “enriched” breads

C sucrose used in making bread

D the liberation of maltose from starch

E one of the symptoms of diabetes

Question #15

Which breakfast would provide the most soluble fiber?

A 1 cup cream of wheat and 8 ounces of orange juice

B 8 ounces of yogurt sweetened with honey

C 2 ounces of oat bran cereal with nonfat milk

D 2 slices of whole-wheat toast with fortified margarine

E 2 slices French toast (enriched bread)

Question #16

How many grams of fiber per day do the Dietary Reference Intakes suggest for an average adult (man or women) under age 50?

A 25 for a woman; 38 for a man

B 10 for a woman; 20 for a man

C 5 for a woman; 10 for a man

D 28 for a woman; 35 for a man

E 35 for a woman; 45 for a man

Question #17

Which part of a grain is especially rich in vitamins and minerals?

A germ

B bran

C endosperm

D chaff

E husk

Question #18

Which sugar needs no digestion and can be absorbed directly into the blood?

A maltose

B fructose

C disaccharides

D lactose

E sucrose

Question #19

Which carbohydrate is NOT found in foods from plants?

A fructose

B glycogen

C starch

D cellulose

E sucrose

Question #20

Which monosaccharide rarely occurs freely in nature but is tied up in milk sugar until it is freed during digestion?

A sucrose

B galactose

C fructose

D lactose

E glucose

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