Chapter 12 Exam

A  families in which parents are unemployed because they have no occupational skills

B  families in which parents have a high school diploma and work in blue-collar jobs

C  families in which parents work in minimum wage jobs

D  families in which parents work in managerial positions

A  trust

B  imitation

C  play

D  autonomy

A  A child grows up to become a balanced, responsible adult when parents are indulgent and avoid being demanding.

B  Children grow up to be responsible adults when they learn to accept parental authority without questioning them.

C  Healthy child development is most likely when parents consistently combine warmth and discipline.

D  Research indicates that healthy child development occurs when parents are detached from their children and do not interfere in their affairs.

A  formal operational

B  preoperational

C  trust vs. mistrust

D  sensorimotor

A  They use forceful measures to control children’s behavior.

B  They encourage verbal give-and-take.

C  They instill autonomy and self-reliance in children.

D  They use positive reinforcement to encourage good behavior.

A  decreased role overload

B  higher number of latchkey children

C  more time that parents spend with children

D  lower standards of living

A  initiative vs. guilt

B  trust vs. mistrust

C  generativity vs. self-absorption

D  identity vs. identity confusion

A  encourages the involvement of the father of the baby in all child rearing activities

B  assumes that a good mother cannot be perfect if she only follows her instincts

C  expects mothers to seek help from her parents and relatives in rearing children effectively

D  implies that there’s something wrong with mothers who don’t devote all their time to child rearing

A  Mothers in low-SES families are more likely to be depressed than those in high-SES families.

B  Parents in low-SES families are less likely to experience interpersonal conflict than middle-SES families.

C  Mothers in SES families are more likely to talk to their infants than those in middle-SES families.

D  Parents in low-SES families are more likely to work in blue-collar jobs than those in middle-SES families.

A  31 to 64

B  2 to 3

C  birth to 1

D  13 to 19

A  uninvolved

B  indifferent

C  authoritarian

D  authoritative

A  indifference

B  unresponsiveness

C  empowering

D  overinvolvement

A  A majority of children who grow up in homes with disciplinary parents tend to be hyperactive and irritable.

B  Research indicates that setting fewer boundaries for children helps them become more self-reliant.

C  Adolescents raised in lenient households tend to be less mature and less responsible.

D  Studies show that children with responsive parents are able to assume leadership positions in adulthood more efficiently.

A  mimic the behavior of significant others

B  distinguish between self and others

C  begin to use language

D  learn social norms

A  authoritative

B  authoritarian

C  permissive

D  uninvolved

A  lesser positive reinforcements are used in authoritative parenting

B  autonomy is more encouraged in authoritarian parenting

C  parents are more understanding in authoritarian parenting

D  verbal give-and-take is rarer in authoritarian parenting

A  generalization

B  medicalization

C  socialization

D  stigmatization

A  concrete operational

B  sensorimotor

C  preoperational

D  generativity vs. self-absorption

A  demanding

B  indifferent

C  indulgent

D  punitive

A  When she turned 18, Kelly traveled to another country to pursue her graduation.

B  Kelly had to drop out of school to take care of her ailing mother.

C  Kelly was married by the time she was 28 years old.

D  Kelly was a rebellious teenager and often skipped school to spend time with her friends.