Lecture Exam 1

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Question #1

How many globins (protein building blocks) are found in a single hemoglobin molecule?

A 4

B 6

C 1

D 8

E 2

Question #2

Fibrinolysis involves ________ of the fibrin framework, and it involves the protein _______.

A destruction, thrombokinase

B construction,thrombokinase

C construction,plasmin

D construction,actinomyosin

E destruction,plasmin

Question #3

Vascular spasms last

A almost a fullminute when tissue damage is extensive.

B several minuteswhen tissue damage is extensive.

C a few millisecondswhen tissue damage is moderate.

D several hours whentissue damage is moderate.

Question #4

Which are characteristic of type A blood?
a: Has anti-A antibodies
b: Has anti-B antibodies
c: Has surface antigen A on its erythrocytes
d: Has surface antigen B on its erythrocytes
e: Has neither surface antigen A nor B on its erythrocytes
f: Will agglutinate with blood type B

A a, c, d, f

B a, d, f

C a, c, f

D b, c, d, f

E b, c, f

Question #5

The globulins make up about ________ percent of all plasma proteins.

A 58

B 4

C 1

D 37

E 85

Question #6

Prostacyclin is an eicosanoid that acts as a

A plateletrepellant.

B plateletattractant.

Question #7

Which leukocytes are derived from the myeloid line?

A Lymphocytes and monocytes

B Basophils and eosinophils

C Neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, and monocytes

D Neutrophils

E Lymphocytes

Question #8

Sodium, calcium, andbicarbonate are all described as plasma

A nutrients.

B proteins.

C electrolytes.

D solvents.

E formed elements.

Question #9

The antigen-antibody reaction is an example of the regulation function of blood.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #10

If agglutination occurs after a blood transfusion, it may indicate

A the recipient hadtype AB blood.

B the wrong bloodtype was used.

C the donor had typeO blood.

D there were noagglutinins (antibodies) in the recipient blood.

Question #11

A comparison of the clinical hematocrit and true hematocrit would indicate that

A the truehematocrit is much larger.

B the clinicalhematocrit is much larger.

C their values arevery similar.

Question #12

During platelet plug formation, platelets begin to stick to

A prostacyclin withthe assistance of thromboxane A2.

B prostacyclin withthe assistance of activated factor V.

C collagen with theassistance of prothrombin.

D collagen with theassistance of von Willebrand factor.

E proconvertin with the assistance offactor IX.

Question #13

Which are the most numerous of the leukocytes?

A Monocytes

B Lymphocytes

C Basophils

D Neutrophils

E Eosinophils

Question #14

The type of leukocyte that will migrate in the blood and take up residence in the tissues as a macrophage is a(n)

A monocyte.

B basophil.

C eosinophil.

D neutrophil.

E lymphocyte.

Question #15

Which type of leukocyte releases histamine?

A Basophil

B Monocyte

C Lymphocyte

D Neutrophil

E Eosinophil

Question #16

For a relatively small injury, a platelet plug is formed within 1 minute.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #17

Iron, lactic acid, and lipids are all considered to be nutrients in blood plasma.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #18

When blood is centrifuged and its components separate, the bottom of the tube holds the

A buffy coat.

B electrolytes andwaste products.

C erythrocytes.

D platelets.

E plasma.

F monocytes.

Question #19

Which term best describes the function of blood when considering the presence of carbon dioxide and endocrine hormones?

A Prevention

B Regulation

C Transportation

D Protection

Question #20

Which are characteristic of leukocytes?
a: Smaller than erythrocytes
b: Have a nucleus
c: Have no hemoglobin
d: More numerous than erythrocytes
e: Depending on type, may or may not contain granules

A a, b, c, d

B a, b, e

C b, c, e

D a, b, c, d, e

E b, c, d, e

Question #21

The smallest and most abundant plasma proteins are the

A endocrinehormones.

B fibrinogens.

C albumins.

D globulins.

E prothrombins.

Question #22

Which term best describes the function of blood when considering the presence of leukocytes and antibodies?

A Prevention

B Transportation

C Regulation

D Protection

Question #23

Erythrocytes exhibit a limited lifespan due to their inability to synthesize the proteins necessary to repair themselves.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #24

Which depicts the order of cell formation in erythropoiesis?
a: Proerythroblast
b: Normoblast
c: Myeloid stem cell
d: Reticulocyte
e: Erythroblast
f: Mature erythrocyte

A a, c, d, b, e, f

B a, b, c, e, d, f

C c, a, e, b, d, f

D c, b, a, d, e, f

E c, a, b, e, d, f

Question #25

How many oxygen molecules may bind to a single molecule of hemoglobin?

A 2

B 4

C 8

D 16

E 6

Question #26

Myofibrils within cardiac muscle cells are aligned in sarcomeres.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #27

The papillary muscles attach to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves by means of the

A trabeculaecarneae.

B conusarteriosus.

C tricuspidvalve.

D tendinous cords.

E pectinatemuscles.

Question #28

Which are functions performed by the fibrous skeleton of the heart?
a: Separates the atria and ventricles
b: Anchors the heart valves
c: Provides electrical insulation between the atria and ventricles
d: Provides the framework for the attachment of the myocardium
e: None of these are true functions of the fibrous skeleton of the heart

A e

B a, b, c, d

C a, d

D a, c, d

E b, d

Question #29

During a cardiac cycle, how many of the four chambers contract at any one time?

A 2

B 4

C None of the choices is correct.

D 1

E Highly variable, depending on the heart beat rate

Question #30

All of the heart’s sulci house blood vessels that supply the myocardium.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #31

What are the cell-to-cell contacts of the cardiac muscle fibers called?

A Cardiac discs

B T-tubules

C Sarcoplasmic reticulum

D Intercalateddiscs

E Z discs

Question #32

Arteries carry blood toward the heart, while veins carry blood away from the heart.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #33

About 70% of the ventricle filling is achieved passively without the contraction of the atria.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #34

The receiving chambers of the heart are the atria, and the forcefully pumping chambers of the heart are the ventricles.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #35

Which are differences between cardiac muscle tissue and skeletal muscle tissue?
a: The sarcoplasmic reticulum in cardiac muscle is less extensive.
b: The sarcoplasmic reticulum in cardiac muscle is more organized.
c: Cardiac muscle has intercalated discs; skeletal muscle does not.
d: Cardiac muscle has 1 or 2 nuclei per cell; skeletal muscle has multiple nuclei per cell.
e: Cardiac muscle has more well-defined terminal cisternae.

A b, d, e

B a, c, e

C b, c, e

D a, c, d

E a, b, e

Question #36

The pulmonary trunk receives blood from the right ventricle and conducts it toward the lung. The pulmonary trunk is a(n)

A capillary.

B artery.

C vein.

Question #37

Someone with a heart block would have

A a short P-Rinterval.

B a long T-Pinterval.

C a long P-Rinterval.

D a short T-Pinterval.

Question #38

As blood is pumped out of the heart and into the major arteries leaving the heart, it

A fills the cusps ofthe atrioventricular valve causing opening of the bicuspid and closure of thetricuspid.

B pushes against thesemilunar valves and opens them.

C fills the cusps ofthe semilunar valves, causing them to expand and block the backflow ofblood

D pushes against thesemilunar valves and closes them.

E pushes against theatrioventricular valves and opens them.

Question #39

Which heart chambers containdeoxygenated blood?

A Left atrium and left ventricle

B Right atrium and left ventricle

C Left atrium and right atrium

D Right atrium and right ventricle

E Left ventricle and right ventricle

Question #40

The internal wall surface of each ventricle displays large, smooth, irregular muscular ridges called

A pectinatemuscles.

B conusarteriosus.

C tendinous cords.

D trabeculaecarneae.

E atrioventricularopening.

Question #41

During ventricular contraction, the semilunar valves close in order to permit the blood to enter the large arterial trunks that carry blood away from the heart.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #42

Which correctly describes the heart’s apex?

A Projects slightly anteroinferiorly toward the left side of the body

B Projects slightly anteroinferiorly toward the right side of the body

C Projects slightly posteroinferiorly toward the right side of the body

D Projects slightly posteroinferiorly toward the midline of the body

E Projects slightly posteroinferiorly toward the left side of the body

Question #43

The units for perfusion of blood are typically

A grams perminute.

B beats per minute per gram.

C millimiters perhour per kilogram.

D milliliters perminute per gram.

E liters pergram.

Question #44

The plateau phase of an action potential

A allows cardiacmuscle cells to contract and then relax without locking up.

B allows cardiacmuscle cells to exhibit synchronous fibrillation.

C leads to tetaniccontractions in smooth and skeletal muscle.

D occurs only inskeletal muscle and makes those fibers’contractions most forceful.

Question #45

Blood moves into and then out of a heart chamber because

A it moves along itspressure gradient, and that gradient depends on contraction and relaxationduring the cardiac cycle.

B it is underconstant pressure, but its movement is dictated by the control of valveopenings and closures.

C All of the choicesare correct.

D the veins andarteries constrict and dilate to propel and attract blood.

Question #46

To initiate a cardiac muscle cell contraction, calcium

A binds to tropomyosin.

B binds toactin.

C binds tocalmodulin.

D binds totroponin.

E binds to theZ-disc.

Question #47

What is the sequence of events in the transmission of an impulse through the heart muscle?
a: AV node
b: AV bundle
c: SA node
d: Through the atria
e: Through the ventricles
f: Bundle branches
g: Purkinje fibers

A b, a, d, c, f, g, e

B c, d, a, f, b, g, e

C f, g, d, c, b, a, e

D d, b, a, c, f, g, e

E c, d, a, b, f, g, e

Question #48

The opening and closing of theheart valves is caused by

A contraction andrelaxation of papillary muscles that pull on heart strings.

B contraction of thesmooth muscle in the walls of the great vessels leaving the heart.

C pressure changes ofalternating contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.

D action potentialswithin the cusps of the valves.

Question #49

The heart valves

A are only used inthe fetal heart.

B separate the rightand left sides of the heart.

C direct theconduction impulse through the heart muscle.

D permit the passageof blood in one direction.

E stabilize and holdthe arteries leaving the heart.

Question #50

Which circuit of the cardiovascular system is responsible for sending blood to the kidneys, stomach, and pelvic regions?

A Systemic circuit

B Pulmonary circuit

C Visceral circuit

D Coronary circuit

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