Test 2

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Question #1

An angry 5-year-old girl might stop herself from hitting another child because she has developed:

A self-esteem.

B identification.

C social referencing.

D emotional regulation.

Question #2

What is one of the functions peers provide in active play?

A competition

B a quiet environment

C criticism

D reluctant cooperation

Question #3

Brandon and Rodney are both building with construction bricks. They are sitting apart, each with his own set of bricks. They are engaged in _____ play.

A onlooker

B solitary

C cooperative

D parallel

Question #4

Developmentalists who focus on children’s thinking about gender roles as opposed to the children’s observable behaviors are _____ theorists.

A psychoanalytic

B cognitive

C sociocultural

D behavioral

Question #5

Which illustrates tertiary prevention for child maltreatment?

A offering free parenting classes to high-risk populations

B building Boys and Girls Clubs in low-income neighborhoods

C providing psychotherapy to a someone who has been abused

D identifying a parent in a stressful situation and providing resources to assist him or her

Question #6

Which scenario is an example of antisocial behavior?

A Jamie offers to share his toys with Jill.

B Mark intentionally knocks over Simon’s blocks.

C Claire helps her mom rake leaves in the yard.

D Hank watches while other children jump rope.

Question #7

In order to be substantiated child maltreatment, _____ must be verified by the authorities.

A multiple incidences

B abandonment

C sexual abuse

D abuse or neglect

Question #8

According to Erikson, children have _____, and thus believe that they can achieve any goal.

A an unrealistic self-concept

B a sense of self-doubt

C strong feelings of guilt

D a weak self-concept

Question #9

Gross motor skills such as riding a tricycle are acquired:

A only if the parents teach the skills.

B through brain maturation and practice.

C due to brain maturation only.

D through practice only.

Question #10

The amygdala is a brain structure that registers:

A emotions.

B speech perception.

C body temperature.

D memories.

Question #11

An example of a gross motor skill is:

A dialing a phone.

B painting a picture.

C picking up a bug.

D hopping on one foot.

Question #12

Nine-year-old Bobby has no problem understanding that the 20-year-old woman who sometimes stays with him is both a student and a babysitter. According to Piaget, this is because Bobby’s thinking has moved beyond:

A conservation.

B overregularization.

C object permanence.

D centration.

Question #13

The characteristic of preoperational thought in which a young child thinks that nothing changes is called:

A conservation.

B static reasoning.

C centration.

D animism.

Question #14

Which type of injury prevention begins after an injury and is done to limit the damage caused by the injury?

A quaternary

B secondary

C tertiary

D primary

Question #15

The part of the brain where planning, language, and advanced thought occur is the:

A hypothalamus.

B amygdala.

C hippocampus.

D cortex.

Question #16

Baby Chang participated in a research study in which the researcher restrained Chang’s arms for two minutes. Which emotion did Chang likely experience?

A sadness

B anger

C shame

D fear

Question #17

The Western value of independence is clearly exhibited in:

A Erikson’s stage of autonomy versus shame and doubt.

B Freud’s oral stage.

C Piaget’s sensorimotor stage.

D Bandura’s social-learning theory.

Question #18

Contemporary researchers believe that there are three dimensions of temperament, each of which affects later personality development and school performance:

A secure, insecure, disorganized.

B effortful control, negative mood, exuberance.

C easy, secure, difficult.

D easy, slow-to-warm-up, unclassified.

Question #19

According to Erikson, the first crisis of life is:

A learning trust or mistrust.

B learning pain and pleasure.

C controlling bodily functions.

D obtaining oral gratification.

Question #20

Which country has the highest rates of infant father care?

A Japan

B France

C the United States

D Norway

Question #21

Evolutionary theory stresses two needs:

A food and socialization.

B food and shelter.

C survival and reproduction.

D familial and social.

Question #22

Which statement would a developmentalist NOT agree with regarding attachment and caregiving?

A Frequent changes and instability in caregiving are problematic.

B Babies benefit from a strong relationship with their parents.

C Attachment to one or several familiar caregivers is essential.

D Infant day care by people other than the parents is harmful to attachment formation.

Question #23

Lee and Rosa want to enhance their synchrony with their 6-month-old daughter. They can BEST do this by:

A including her in their conversations.

B watching her imitate their mouth movements and smiles.

C imitating her vocal and facial expressions.

D listening to her vocalizations.

Question #24

The limbic system is a cluster of brain areas located in the:

A forebrain.

B hypothalamus.

C cerebellum.

D amygdala.

Question #25

The last part of the brain to mature is/are the:

A axons.

B dendrites.

C prefrontal cortex.

D synapses.

Question #26

The language acquisition device (LAD) was proposed by Chomsky to explain:

A children’s vocabulary spurts.

B the difference between surface structure and deep structure.

C the systematic differences among languages.

D children’s ability to derive the rules of grammar quickly and effectively.

Question #27

The brain develops extremely quickly in the first few years, but not all of this growth is permanent. Rapid and temporary dendrite growth is called:

A dendritic proliferation.

B cortex multiplication.

C pruning.

D transient exuberance.

Question #28

Transient exuberance is the:

A rapid growth of axons during the first few years of life.

B friendliness that infants display prior to the onset of stranger wariness.

C rapid growth of dendrites during the first few years of life.

D high energy that toddlers experience following a nap.

Question #29

Erika is a 4-month-old infant whose mother uses a high-pitched voice, simple words or phrases, and lots of repetition when she speaks. Erika delights in her mother’s use of:

A sign language.

B child-directed speech.

C babbling.

D a dual-language approach.

Question #30

Micah is a 3-week-old newborn. A test of habituation reveals that he prefers listening to his mother’s language over any other language. What is the BEST explanation for this? Micah:

A comprehends his mother’s language.

B recognizes the rhythm, sound, and cadence of his mother’s language.

C understands the words in his mother’s language.

D is designed to specifically learn his mother’s language.

Question #31

What are the different parenting styles? This parent is high in nurtarance, and low in demands. Children are permitted to what they wish.

A Neglectful

B Authoritarian

C Permissive or Laissez-faire

Question #32

What are the different parenting styles? This parent is high in nurturance, and high in demands. Children are given opportunities to make decisions.

A Authoritarian

B Authoritative

C Permissive or Laissez-faire

Question #33

What are the different parenting styles? This parent is low in nurturance, and low in demands. Children are on their own to raise themselves.

A Permissive or Laissez-faire

B Neglectful

C Authoritative

Question #34

What are the different parenting styles? This parent is low in nurturance, but high in demands. Children are expected to obey commands.

A Authoritative

B Authoritarian

C Neglectful

Question #35

Parten’s play study revealed what types of play? Involves social interaction with little or no organization.

A Associative play

B Onlooker play

C Cooperative play

Question #36

Parten’s play study revealed what types of play? The child plays separately from others, but with similar toys or in a manner that mimics their play.

A Associative play

B Parallel play

C Onlooker play

Question #37

Parten’s play study revealed what types of play? Involves social interaction in a group with a sense of group identity and organized activity.

A Parallel play

B Cooperative play

C Associative play

Question #38

Parten’s play study revealed what types of play? The child watches other children play, but may still talk and ask questions.

A Cooperative play

B Parallel play

C Onlooker play

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