Exam 1

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Question #1

When perceiving sensory information, top-down processing involves __________________

A prior knowledge

B prior knowledge, culture and unconscious inferences

C culture and unconscious inferences

D unconscious inferences

Question #2

The Gestalt rule of the tendency to see objects that are near each other as belonging to a set is termed _________________

A proximity

B closure

C continuity

D similarity

Question #3

When you observe a marching band formation that appears to take on the shape of a letter even though the members are not in direct contact with each other, you are experiencing the Gestalt grouping principle called ____________________

A closure

B proximity

C priming

D similarity

Question #4

The perceptual tendency to separate objects from the surroundings is called

A closure

B figure-ground

C perceptual set

D Gestalt rules of perception

Question #5

Sensation is a ___________ process, whereas perception is a ____________ process.

A cognitive, physical

B meditative, hypnotic

C physical, psychological

D genetic, environmental

Question #6

Dave is trying to quit heroin, but when he stops he experiences flu-like symptoms including headaches, vomiting, and fatigue. Dave is experiencing _______________________

A abstinence syndrome/physical addiction

B psychological addiction

C paradoxical sleep

D a hypnotic trance

Question #7

With continued use of a drug, a larger dose is needed to achieve the desired effect. This is called ___________________

A substance abuse disorder

B addiction

C tolerance

D abstinence syndrome

Question #8

Drugs that speed up the activity of the central nervous system are classified as

A stimulants

B depressants

C hallucinogenics

D opioids

Question #9

The form of meditation known as transcendental meditation always involves

A hypnosis

B chanting a mantra

C the use of marijuana

D all of the above

Question #10

Most people dream during what stage of sleep?

A NREM 2

B NREM 1

C REM

D NREM 3

Question #11

The stages of sleep are distinguished by _________________

A the breathing response

B the physical movement

C the brain wave activity

D none of the above

Question #12

Examples of altered states of consciousness include

A drug-induced and meditation

B sleep, meditation and drug-induced

C meditation

D sleep

Question #13

After a gunshot wound to the head, a patient can’t form new memories. Probably his _____________ was damaged by the gunshot.

A thalamus

B cerebellum

C hippocampus

D hypothalamus

Question #14

After her stroke Cathy was no longer able to coordinate her dance movements. More than likely her ________________ was damaged.

A thalamus

B corpus callosum

C cerebellum

D amygdala

Question #15

Jack just finished a 26 mile marathon. In spite of the physical strain he feels euphoric and has no pain due to the release of _________________

A serotonin

B dopamine

C acetylcholine

D endorphins

Question #16

Neurotransmitters bind onto ________________ on the post-synaptic neuron.

A receptor sites

B the myelin

C the axon

D the soma

Question #17

An imbalance of serotonin is linked to __________________

A cognitive decline

B depression

C enhanced mood

D memory loss

Question #18

The space between 2 neurons in which neurotransmitters are released is called the ______________

A axon terminal

B dendrites

C synapse

D receptor sites

Question #19

The wire-like structure that is attached to the cell body of a neuron, and is coated in myelin is called the ___________________

A axon

B nucleus

C receptor sites

D vessicles

Question #20

The branch-like structures attached to the cell body of a neuron, and receive the incoming message from a preceding neuron are called ___________________

A soma

B axon

C neurotransmitters

D dendrites

Question #21

Alfred Kinsey’s study on human sexuality used the ______________ research method.

A survey

B naturalistic observation

C experiment

D case study

Question #22

Examples of a ___________________ would be the use of a “sugar pill” instead of real medication or tonic water instead of an alcoholic beverage. However, the individual must believe that he or she is experiencing the real thing.

A variable

B treatment

C control group

D placebo

Question #23

By using the __________________________ method, researchers determine if there is a relationship or an association between 2 variables, but they don’t prove causality with this method.

A experiment

B case study

C correlational

D survey

Question #24

Jane Goodall studied chimpanzees by means of the ___________________________ method.

A naturalistic observation

B experiment

C case study

D survey

Question #25

The famous story of Phineas Gage who suffered a serious brain injury is an example of the _______________ research method.

A experiment

B naturalistic observation

C survey

D case study

Question #26

Nature versus nurture refers to the question of what influences behavior, ______________ or _______________?

A free will or destiny

B the unconscious or childhood experiences

C genes or environment

D the brain or hormones

Question #27

The statement that love is caused by chemical changes in the brain and fluctuating hormone levels is most likely to be made by a psychologist taking the ____________________perspective.

A biological

B behavioral

C psychodynamic

D humanistic

Question #28

In psychology, a very important concept is that of the unconscious. The unconscious is defined as _____________________

A material beneath the surface, out of your awareness

B hyper awareness

C the humanistic perspective

D material you are aware of right now

Question #29

The psychological perspective that is based on Freud’s theories and emphasizes the unconscious in influencing human behavior is ___________________

A psychodynamic

B behavioral

C cognitive

D biological

Question #30

Psychology is defined as the scientific study of

A the mind

B conscious and unconscious mental processes

C diagnosis and treatment of behavioral disorders

D behavior and mental processes

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