Quiz 3 Chapter 5 and 6

A  American society is very lax in enforcing laws.

B  There are a lot of people with inborn antisocial tendencies.

C  The media sensationalizes deviant behavior, which is why it becomes increasingly attractive to young people.

D  The goal of success is shared by a majority of people, but not everyone has equal means for achieving that goal.

A  immoral or unethical behaviors

B  violations of social norms

C  actions that are harmful to society

D  criminal activities

A  way conflict theorists understand deviance.

B  value of punishment for deterrence.

C  Uniform Crime Report.

D  symbolic interactionist theory of deviance.

A  Deviance makes it easier for the upper class to control the poor.

B  Deviance clarifies moral boundaries and affirms norms.

C  Deviance breaks down social cohesion and leads to revolution.

D  Deviance helps the upper class maintain its power and influence in society.

A  Self-fulfilling prophecy

B  Differential association theory

C  Labeling theory

D  Conflict theory

A  They commit more flagrant crimes.

B  They are more likely to be poor.

C  They are more likely to engage in deviant behavior.

D  They are perceived as more criminal than others.

A  network theory

B  virtual communities

C  group dynamics

D  rationalization

A  Criminals from the lower class should be more harshly punished, as they are more likely to re-offend.

B  The rules are applied unequally, and those with power or influence are punished much less harshly than others.

C  Different levels of punishment are functional, as they keep the most productive members of society out of jail.

D  The two criminals probably had very different motives for committing their crimes, and this explains the difference in punishment.

A  appropriate deviance

B  positive deviance

C  heroic deviance

D  anti-deviance

A  the efficiency and rationality of a particular way of doing things.

B  the personal qualities of a leader.

C  an economic system that focuses on rules and regulations.

D  birthright.

A  charismatic

B  expressive

C  instrumental

D  legal-rational

A  groupthink

B  compliance

C  identification

D  internalization

A  an out-group

B  a reference group

C  a primary group

D  a virtual community

A  gang member

B  dating partner

C  friend or relative

D  stranger

A  passing

B  bureaucratic mediation

C  assimilation

D  in-group orientation

A  symbolic interactionism

B  conflict theory

C  structural functionalism

D  coercive power

A  Historically, only humane and ethical societies have used prison as a form of punishment.

B  Throughout history, most societies have used prison to punish the most serious crimes.

C  Prison is commonly used as a punishment because it is extremely cost-effective.

D  Prison was rarely used before the nineteenth century.

A  violent crimes

B  mores

C  crimes

D  taboos

A  is unequally distributed, since it is mainly aimed at poor and working-class immigrants.

B  promotes social cohesion among nonimmigrants as they come together and label immigrants as outsiders.

C  hurts the economy by preventing immigration.

D  is a form of cyberbullying, since the anger is generally expressed online.

A  when the individual has belonged to the in-group for a short time

B  when the out-group is from a different city than the in-group

C  when the in-group is particularly large

D  when the differences between the in-group and the out-group are sharply defined

A  As women gain power in the labor market through education and income, crime rates among women rise to match those among men more closely.

B  Women are equally likely as men to commit property crimes.

C  Crime differentials between men and women can be attributed mostly to emotional and psychological differences.

D  Women are equally likely as men to commit violent crimes.

A  tie strength

B  high centrality

C  anomie

D  contagion

A  expressive leadership.

B  group cohesion.

C  anomie.

D  instrumental leadership.

A  involve a strong sense of belonging.

B  are larger and more anonymous than secondary groups.

C  are often formal or impersonal.

D  tend to be based on specific roles or activities.

A  Individuals associated with a group don’t have ongoing social relations.

B  Individuals associated with a group feel a shared identity and have ongoing social relations.

C  Individuals associated with a group don’t share any common attributes.

D  Individuals associated with a crowd remain in contact.