Chapter 6 Quiz

A  a lacto-ovo vegetarian

B  a pregnant woman

C  an omnivore

D  a vegan

E  a carnivore

A  It provides more phytochemicals.

B  It provides more saturated fat.

C  It promotes a leaner body type

D  It reduces the risk of cancer.

E  It provides more antioxidant nutrients and fiber.

A  maintaining acid-base balance

B  maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance

C  providing an unlimited supply of energy

D  regulating gene expression

E  serving as antibodies

A  Cells in the small intestine possess different sites for absorbing different types of amino acids, which causes competition among amino acids at the absorption sites.

B  Proteins are broken down into individual amino acids and absorbed by all intestinal cells at an equal rate.

C  Larger peptide molecules must be completely broken down into amino acids to be absorbed into the bloodstream from the intestine.

D  Protein digestion and absorption require some form of carbohydrate.

E  Amino acids need a carrier in the bloodstream because they do not transport very well alone.

A  stomach acid

B  heat

C  radiation

D  mercury

E  freezing

A  Nucleus

B  DNA

C  Amino Acids

D  RNA

A  It is used to make the vitamin niacin.

B  It is converted into the hormone insulin.

C  It is a precursor of vitamin C.

D  It is used to make the brown pigment melanin.

E  It is used to make the neurotransmitter serotonin.

A  blood stream

B  small intestines

C  stomach

D  mouth

A  Yes; But, one should also do plenty of exercise to promote muscle regain.

B  Yes; Amino acid supplements are an excellent way to quickly provide energy to muscles for rebuilding.

C  No; Extra carbohydrate and fat, but not extra protein, are needed for recovery from illness.

D  Yes; Taking amino acid supplements helps keep the digestive system from overworking while you recover from illness.

E  No; Whole protein is better handled by the digestive system and will promote muscle mass gain better than amino acid supplements.

A  insulin

B  antibodies

C  collagen

D  glycogen

A  eggs

B  almonds

C  kidney beans

D  margarine

E  flaxseeds

A  phytochemicals

B  vitamin C

C  zinc

D  Iron

E  B12

A  black beans

B  eggs

C  peanuts

D  peppers

E  pasta

A  use of amino acids that have been conserved from the breakdown of old cells

B  conversion of half the protein we eat to glucose for energy

C  excretion of intracellular working proteins as old cells wear out

D  annual replacement of old cells with new protein that has entered the body in food

E  loss of amino acids by excretion through the kidneys when cells die

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  I and V only

B  I, II, IV, and V

C  I, III, IV, and V

D  I, III, and IV only

A  genetic modification

B  bacteria

C  crop rotation

D  fertilizer

E  UV light

A  negative nitrogen balance

B  slow growth in children

C  impaired brain and kidney function

D  increased nutrient absorption from the digestive tract

E  a weakened immune system

A  side chain

B  backbone

C  acid group

D  amino group

E  carbon bond

A  Gluten-free weight-loss diets offer no advantages over other low-calorie diets.

B  She should be successful because it is an excellent way to lose weight.

C  Even if she does not have celiac disease, she will benefit from removing gluten from her diet.

D  The gluten-free diet will help relieve any digestive symptoms she may have.

E  Gluten-free diets are useful because they also help prevent cancer.