Navigation » List of Schools » East Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 001 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Winter 2021 » Lecture Exam 2 (A)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A The liver produces a factor that mediates the metabolic actions of GH.
B GH increases the sensitivity of tissues to the action of insulin.
C GH exerts negative feedback on its own productionby inhibiting the hypothalamic secretion of somatostatin.
D GH stimulates insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) production by the liver and by many other cells.
E IGF-1 stimulates the secretion of GH by anterior pituitary gland cells.
Question #2
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #3
A Promotes vitamin D synthesis, leading to increased intestinal absorption of calcium
B Increases plasma [Ca 2+]
C Decreases reabsorption of calcium by the kidneys
D Increases the bone-degrading activity of osteoclasts
E Decreases reabsorption of phosphate by the kidneys
Question #4
A She has hyperthyroidism, possibly due to a hypersecreting tumor of the anterior pituitary gland.
B She has hypothyroidism, possibly due to low iodine in her diet.
C She has hyperthyroidism, possibly due to Graves’ disease.
D She has hypothyroidism, possibly due to destruction of thyrotrope cells of her anterior pituitary gland.
Question #5
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #6
A Clearing hormones from plasma
B Secreting angiotensinogen
C Secreting insulin
D Secreting insulin-like growthfactor 1
E Producing plasma proteins that bind hormones
Question #7
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #8
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #9
A Thyroid hormones are catecholamines.
B Vasopressin is synthesized in the posterior pituitary.
C Steroid hormones are synthesized from cholesterol.
D The hormones of the adrenal cortex have the same structure as the neurotransmitters of adrenergic neurons.
E Most peptide hormones require binding proteins for transport in the blood.
Question #10
A Body temperature will be above normal.
B Acromegaly
C Growth rate will be slower than normal.
D Gigantism
E Growth rate will be faster than normal.
Question #11
A estradiol; cholesterol; adrenal medulla; corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
B testosterone; cholesterol; adrenal medulla; adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
C progesterone; cholesterol; adrenal medulla; adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
D progesterone; cholesterol; adrenal cortex; adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
E androstenedione; progesterone; adrenal cortex; corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
Question #12
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #13
A Alpha motor neurons stimulate contraction of intrafusal fibers in extensor muscles.
B Golgi tendon organs in the patellar tendon stimulate the contraction of extrafusal fibers of extensor muscles.
C Inhibitory interneurons reduce action potential firing in alpha motor neuronsto extrafusal fibers of extensor muscles.
D Alpha motor neurons that innervate ipsilateral flexor muscles are stimulated.
E Alpha motor neurons stimulate contraction of extrafusal fibers in extensor muscles.
Question #14
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #15
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #16
A vestibular apparatus.
B the somatosensory cortex.
C cerebellum.
D nociceptors and chemoreceptors.
E muscle spindles and temperature receptors.
Question #17
A They detect the angle of joints, and thus provide proprioceptive inputs about the position of the limbs in space.
B They detect stretch within tendons and inhibit the activation of alpha motor neurons to extrafusal muscle fibers in antagonistic muscles.
C They detect stretch within tendons and inhibit the activation of alpha motor neurons to extrafusal muscle fibers in the muscle attached to those tendons.
D They stimulate the ends of intrafusal muscle fibers, ensuring that sensory information about muscle length is provided, even when a muscle shortens rapidly.
E They detect painful stimuli within tendons and inhibit gamma motor neurons to intrafusal muscle fibers in muscles attached to those tendons.
Question #18
A Nociceptors send pain information to the cerebral cortex, and descending activation of alpha motor neurons to extensormuscles would make you withdraw your right hand from the object.
B A withdrawal reflex would be triggered by nociceptors that would stimulate contraction of flexor muscles in the right arm.
C A stretch reflex would be triggered that would cause contraction of extensor muscles in the right arm.
D A withdrawal reflex would be triggered by stretch receptors that would inhibit contraction of extensor muscles of the right arm.
E Reflex mechanisms would stimulate contraction of the extensor muscles of the right arm.
Question #19
A The body only accelerates forward, so the center of gravity remains directy between the two feet.
B The body accelerates forward, but the center of gravity shifts over the foot that is lifted off the ground.
C The body leans so that the center of gravity shifts over the foot that is on the ground.
D The center of mass is left behind by the acceleration of the body, so the body must lean forward to compensate.
E The body leans so that the center of gravity shifts over the foot that is lifted off the ground.
Question #20
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #21
A Increasing the frequency of firing in alpha motor neurons innervating the muscle
B Increasing the amplitude of action potentials in the alpha motor neurons that innervate the muscle
C Switching off fast-glycolytic motor units and activating an equal number of slow-oxidative motor units
D Stretching the muscle to very long lengths
E Resting the muscle for several weeks
Question #22
A Every moment of Sarah’s runs
B No effects on her running
C All muscle contractions after Sarah reaches fatigue (about an hour into her run)
D Just the first few seconds of exercise
Question #23
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #24
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #25
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #26
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #27
A Increase in myosin concentration
B Increase in muscle size (hypertrophy)
C Increase in myoglobin concentration
D Increase in creatine concentration, Increase in myoglobin concentration
E Increase in actin concentration
Question #28
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #29
A Yes, because they increase the availability of dopamine.
B No, because they increase the availability of norepinephrine.
C No, because they increase the availability of serotonin.
D No, because they increase the availability of enkephalin.
E Yes, because they increase the availability of acetylcholine.
Question #30
A Recognition of a person’s face and matching a name to it
B Being able to recall a phone number for only a short period of time
C Responding to the sight, smell, taste, or thought of one’s favorite food with salivation and hunger pangs
D Remembering how to ride a bicycle
E Being given a specific address and being able to recall it several days or weeks later
Question #31
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #32
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #33
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #34
A in NREM sleep.
B in REM sleep, in NREM sleep, in exhibiting beta wave activity and in exhibiting gamma wave activity
C exhibiting beta wave activity.
D exhibiting gamma wave activity.
E in REM sleep.
Question #35
A hypothalamus.
B thalamus.
C corpus callosum.
D limbic system.
E hippocampus.
Question #36
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #37
A serve to keep the pressure on the two sides of the tympanic membrane equal.
B are part of the vestibular apparatus.
C serve to amplify the pressure of sound vibrations from the air in the outer ear to the fluid in the inner ear.
D are in direct contact with both the tympanic membrane and the round window.
E are found inside the cochlear duct.
Question #38
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #39
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #40
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #41
A They vary in magnitude with stimulus strength.
B They propagate without decrement.
C They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
D They are action potentials.
E They alwaystrigger action potentials.
Question #42
A Acids, bitter
B Lipids, sweet
C Poisonous alkaloids, sour
D Glutamate, umami
E Sugars, salty
Question #43
A Hair cells in the olfactory mucosa
B Cone cells in the eye
C Hair cells in the cochlea
D Taste buds on the tongue
Question #44
A ganglion cells.
B bipolar cells.
C lateral geniculate cells.
D cone cells.
Question #45
A agonist to epinephrine receptors.
B agonist to the endogenous opioid receptors.
C Any of these are possible
D agonist to glycine receptors.
E agonist to serotonin receptors.
Question #46
A All of the K+ channels in the membrane are open.
B The permeability to Na + is much greater than the permeability to K +.
C Most of the voltage-gated Na + channels are in the closed state.
D There is equal permeability to Na + and K +.
E The voltage-gated Na + channels are in the inactivated state.
Question #47
A depolarize a dendrite.
B trigger an action potential.
C be conducted to the axon hillock.
D trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
E cause a change in membrane potential.
Question #48
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #49
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #50
A occurs when voltage-gated Cl- channels open in a postsynaptic cell membrane.
B stabilizes the membrane to remain at its resting potential.
C is a direct result of the opening of voltage-gated channels permeable to bothNa + and K + ions.
D opens voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane.
E is a direct result of the opening of ligand-gated channels permeable tobothNa + and K + ions.
Question #51
A Neuron A has more K + channels open than Neuron B.
B Neuron B has more Na+ channels open than Neuron A.
C Neuron B has more K + channels open than Neuron A.
D None of the answer choices are correct.
E Neuron A has more Na+ channels open than Neuron B.
Question #52
A TRUE
B FALSE