Navigation » List of Schools » West Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 101 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2020 » Lecture Exam 2(C)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A glaucoma.
B myopia.
C cataract.
D presbyopia.
E hyperopia.
Question #2
A dilation of the pupil.
B increased rounding of the cornea.
C contraction of the ciliary muscles.
D activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
E flatteningof the lens.
Question #3
A pain
B Sound
C Proprioception
D Vision
E Pressure
F Cold and warmth
Question #4
A activation of her parasympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
B she suddenly develops presbyopia.
C activation of her parasympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
D activation of her sympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
E activation of her sympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
Question #5
A is located in the axon hillock.
B contains ligand-gated channels
C is where action potentials are first generated.
D contains voltage-gated channels.
E is found in the soma of the neuron
Question #6
A Sensory information that leads to conscious awareness of the stimulus is called transduction.
B Some sensory receptors are modifications of the peripheral endings of efferent neurons.
C The term “adequate stimulus” means that a stimulus is strong enough to be detected.
D All sensory information that reaches the brain can be experienced as a conscious sensation.
E The term “sensory unit” refers to a group of receptors that receive a particular stimulus and the afferent neuron associated with those receptors.
Question #7
A thermoreceptor
B photoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D mechanoreceptor
Question #8
A 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
B 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
C 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
D 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
Question #9
A Parietal lobe association area
B Primary Visual cortex
C Occipital lobe association area
D Somatosensory cortex
E Primary Auditory cortex
Question #10
A plays a role in emotional and behavioral patterns.
B inhibits muscle tone throughout the body.
C functions as the body’s thermostat
D controls thirst, urine output, and food intake.
E is a relay station for sensory input on its way to the cerebral cortex.
F secretes hormones
Question #11
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #12
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #13
A 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
B 3, 1, 4, 5, 2
C 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
D 5, 4, 3, 1, 2
E 2, 1, 5, 4, 3
Question #14
A They integrate multiple types of sensory information and are responsible for complex processing of sensory information.
B They are the cortical locations where primary sensory information first arrives from specific ascending pathways.
C They are all found in the parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
D They are found deep in the cerebrum, surrounding the thalamus.
E Their main input is sensory information arriving along neurons that project directly from the thalamus.
Question #15
A histamine
B acetylcholine
C serotonin
D norepinephrine
Question #16
A dopamine
B acetylcholine
C histamine
D serotonin
Question #17
A norepinephrine
B histamine
C acetylcholine
D serotonin
Question #18
A acetylcholine
B dopamine
C norepinephrine
D histamine
Question #19
A acetylcholine
B serotonin
C dopamine
D norepinephrine
Question #20
A are part of the peripheral nervous system.
B carry impulses from the CNS to the periphery.
C transmit signals derived from afferent receptors up the spinal cord to the brain.
D relay messages from the brain down to the spinal cord to efferent neurons.
E carry impulses from the periphery to the CNS.
Question #21
A They make synapses on effector organs in the PNS.
B They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
C They can transmit information between afferent neurons and efferent neurons.
D They receive synaptic input from other neurons in the CNS.
E They deliver synaptic input on other neurons.
Question #22
A They can be graded and vary with stimulus strength.
B They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
C They always trigger action potentials.
D They are action potentials.
E They propagate without decrement.
Question #23
A It maintains an electrical gradient at the equilibrium potential of K +.
B It transports equal numbers of sodium and potassium ions with each pump cycle.
C It pumps 3 Na + ions into the cell for every 2 K + ions it pumps out.
D It generates a small electrical potential such that the inside of a neuron is made negative with respect to the outside.
E It maintains a concentration gradient for K + such that diffusion forces favor movement of K + into the cell.
Question #24
A bind chemicals called odorants
B are replaced by cells known as basal cells.
C when stimulated send impulses both to the limbic system and to the cortex for perception of smell.
D are specialized endings of afferent neurons called chemoreceptors
Question #25
A The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ions is much greater than its permeability to sodium ions.
B The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to potassium ions.
C The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ions.
D The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside.
E The plasma membrane is most permeable to sodium ions.
Question #26
A be conducted to the axon hillock.
B cause a change in membrane potential.
C trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
D depolarize a dendrite.
E trigger an action potential.
Question #27
A Persistence of the sensation of a limb even after it has been severed from the body
B A depolarization of receptive membrane that increase in magnitude as the stimulus intensity increases
C Conversion of the energy of a stimulus into a pattern of electrical activity
D A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus
E Information from sensory receptorsreaches the cerebral cortex and the person becomes aware of it
Question #28
A closure of Na+ channels and decreased Na+ flow into the photoreceptor
B increased neurotransmitter release from the synaptic terminal of the photoreceptor.
C bleaching of opsin.
D decreased depolarization of the photoreceptor’s plasma membrane
E excitation of bipolar cells
Question #29
A Reflection
B Refraction
C Deflection
D Retraction
Question #30
A It is oriented so that the cell’s interior is negative with respect to the extracellular fluid.
B in neurons, it is created mainly by potassium ion leakage
C Only nerve and muscle cells have a potential difference across the membrane at rest.
D It is not altered by changing concentration gradients of permeating ions.
E It has the same value in all cells.
F It requires ions to be distributed unevenly across the plasma membrane of a cell.
Question #31
A somatic, catalyst
B horizontal, inner
C bipolar, ganglion
Question #32
A increased fluid pressure against the cochlear duct by the fluid of the scala vestibuli
B the hairs of the receptor cells of the Organ of Corti to be bent
C movement of the basilar membrane relative to the tectorial.
D movement of the tectorial membrane relative to the vestibular
E displacement of the round window, which dissipates pressure in the cochlea.
Question #33
A Pineal gland
B Pituitary gland
C Hypothalamus
D Mitochondria
Question #34
A The repolarization phase of the action potential
B The graded potential
C The exocytosis of neurotransmitter
D The depolarization phase of the action potential
E All of these will not occur
Question #35
A The breakdown of chemicals within the pepper causes exothermic reactions in the mouth.
B A chemical within the jalepeño acts as a stimulus for thermoreceptors.
C Chemoreceptors can activate heat sensing parts of the brain.
D All of the answer choices are correct.
E Friction while chewing activates thermoreceptors.
Question #36
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #37
A Na+ leak channels
B Na+ voltage-gated channels.
C Na+/K+ pumps.
D K+ leak channels.
Question #38
A limbic system
B somatosensory cortex
C temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex
D frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
E occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex
Question #39
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #40
A both pens are activating the same receptor.
B the receptors in both skin areas utilize the same afferent neuron.
C both sensations are grouped together in the somatosensory cortex.
D both afferent neurons converge on the same interneuron.
Question #41
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #42
A The patient would perceive a general sensation all over the body.
B The patient would perceive a specific, localized sensation in one body area.
C The patient would perceive nothing.
D The patient would perceive a general sensation over one side of the body.
Question #43
A Loss of both pressure sense and pain in the right foot
B Loss of pain in the right foot
C Loss of pain in the left foot
Question #44
A equal to the equilibrium potential for potassium.
B slightly more negative than the equilibrium potential of potassium ion.
C equal to the equilibrium potential for sodium.
D more positive than the equilibrium potential for sodium.
E more positive than the equilibrium potential for potassium.
Question #45
A adrenergic
B nicotinic
C muscarinic
Question #46
A photoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C nociceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #47
A nociceptor
B chemoreceptor
C mechanoreceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #48
A thermoreceptor
B chemoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #49
A chemoreceptor
B mechanoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #50
A photoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #51
A chemoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C nociceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #52
A the otic ganglia are found near the parotid gland
B Long parasympathetic preganglionic fibers end at the terminal ganglia, which lie in or near the effector organ.
C Terminal ganglia lie in a chain located along either side of the spinal cord.
D Terminal ganglia are the final common pathway for the autonomic nervous system.
E Terminal ganglia give rise to sympathetic neurons
F The terminal ganglia contain muscarinic receptors.
Question #53
A personality traits.
B control of breathing, circulation, and digestion.
C final sensory perception
D
E voluntary initiation of movement.
F language ability
Question #54
A bind acetylcholine released from parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
B bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
C bind with norepinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
D are found primarily in the heart.
E bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
Question #55
A substantia nigra
B putamen
C caudate nucleus
D mammilary body
E globus pallidus
F cingulate gyrus
Question #56
A the dorsal root conducts motor information
B afferent, sensory neurons are unipolar neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
C spinal nerves are for the conduction of motor information only
D the ventral root contains axons of afferent, sensory neurons
Question #57
A hippocampus.
B amygdala.
C cingulate gyrus.
D mammillary body.
E olfactory bulb
F primary visual cortex
Question #58
A occurs when voltage-gated Cl- channels open in a postsynaptic cell membrane.
B stabilizes the membrane to remain at its resting potential.
C opens voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane.
D is a direct result of the opening of ligand-gated channels permeable to both Na + and K + ions in the pre-synaptic cell
E is a direct result of the opening of voltage-gated channels permeable to Na + ions in the post-synaptic cell
Question #59
A There are two basic types of photoreceptors in the retina, rods, and cones.
B There are four different opsins in the retina.
C Photoreceptors are neurons.
D There are four different chromophore moleculesin the retina.
E There are normally four different photopigments in the retina.
Question #60
A sympathetic
B parasympathetic
C parassympathetic
D assympathetic
Question #61
A The chromophore retinal undergoes a change of shape.
B The photoreceptor cell membranebecomes depolarized.
C The concentration of cyclic GMP inside cells increases.
D There is an increase in neurotransmitter release from photoreceptor cells.
E The photoreceptor cells are stimulated and fireaction potentials.
Question #62
A lateral corticospinal tract
B medial leminscus tract
C the posterior column
D spinocerebellar tract
E anterior spinothalmic tract
Question #63
A is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons and upper motor neurons arising from the cerebellum
B is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons
C is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by upper motor neurons arising from the motor cortex
D occurs in unmyelinated nerve fibers.
E always results in muscle contraction
Question #64
A nictonic motor neurons
B upper motor neurons
C delta motor neurons
D lower motor neurons
E gamma motor neurons
Question #65
A 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 6, 9, 8, 5
B 1, 4, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 8, 7
C 1, 7, 4, 6, 3, 2, 9, 8, 5
D 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 9, 6, 5, 8
Question #66
A Gray, White
B Brown, Gray
C White, Gray
D Black, White
Question #67
A iris
B lens
C cornea
D retina
E ciliary muscle
Question #68
A No light will enter the eye and blindness will result
B Distance vision (e.g., reading a street sign)
C Near vision (e.g., reading a book)
D Both near and distance vision are compromised
E Both near and distance vision are fine, but changing back and forth between them becomes difficult