Navigation » List of Schools » West Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 101 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2020 » Lecture Exam 2 (B)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 9, 6, 5, 8
B 1, 7, 4, 6, 3, 2, 9, 8, 5
C 1, 4, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 8, 7
D 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 6, 9, 8, 5
Question #2
A They receive synaptic input from other neurons in the CNS.
B They make synapses on effector organs in the PNS.
C They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
D They deliver synaptic input on other neurons.
E They can transmit information between afferent neurons and efferent neurons.
Question #3
A All of these will not occur
B The repolarization phase of the action potential
C The graded potential
D The exocytosis of neurotransmitter
E The depolarization phase of the action potential
Question #4
A somatic, catalyst
B horizontal, inner
C bipolar, ganglion
Question #5
A Black, White
B White, Gray
C Gray, White
D Brown, Gray
Question #6
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #7
A Primary Auditory cortex
B Somatosensory cortex
C Primary Visual cortex
D Parietal lobe association area
E Occipital lobe association area
Question #8
A dilation of the pupil.
B increased rounding of the cornea.
C activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
D contraction of the ciliary muscles.
E flatteningof the lens.
Question #9
A 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
B 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
C 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
D 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
Question #10
A Pressure
B Sound
C pain
D Cold and warmth
E Proprioception
F Vision
Question #11
A cause a change in membrane potential.
B trigger an action potential.
C be conducted to the axon hillock.
D trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
E depolarize a dendrite.
Question #12
A Refraction
B Reflection
C Retraction
D Deflection
Question #13
A The image of an object that is focused on the retina is upside down relative to the object’s actual position in space.
B Myopia is a condition in which the lens focuses light from distant objects behind the retina.
C Presbyopia is a condition in which the lens cannot accommodate adequately for near vision.
D The cornea refracts light rays more strongly than the lens.
E Cataract is an increase in opacity (clouding) of the lens.
Question #14
A globus pallidus
B cingulate gyrus
C substantia nigra
D putamen
E caudate nucleus
F mammilary body
Question #15
A both pens are activating the same receptor.
B the receptors in both skin areas utilize the same afferent neuron.
C both afferent neurons converge on the same interneuron.
D both sensations are grouped together in the somatosensory cortex.
Question #16
A carry impulses from the CNS to the periphery.
B relay messages from the brain down to the spinal cord to efferent neurons.
C are part of the peripheral nervous system.
D transmit signals derived from afferent receptors up the spinal cord to the brain.
E carry impulses from the periphery to the CNS.
Question #17
A functions as the body’s thermostat
B inhibits muscle tone throughout the body.
C plays a role in emotional and behavioral patterns.
D controls thirst, urine output, and food intake.
E is a relay station for sensory input on its way to the cerebral cortex.
F secretes hormones
Question #18
A lens
B iris
C retina
D cornea
E ciliary muscle
Question #19
A is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons
B is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by upper motor neurons arising from the motor cortex
C occurs in unmyelinated nerve fibers.
D is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons and upper motor neurons arising from the cerebellum
E always results in muscle contraction
Question #20
A norepinephrine
B histamine
C serotonin
D acetylcholine
Question #21
A histamine
B serotonin
C acetylcholine
D dopamine
Question #22
A norepinephrine
B acetylcholine
C histamine
D serotonin
Question #23
A norepinephrine
B histamine
C dopamine
D acetylcholine
Question #24
A acetylcholine
B serotonin
C dopamine
D norepinephrine
Question #25
A Conversion of the energy of a stimulus into a pattern of electrical activity
B A depolarization of receptive membrane that increase in magnitude as the stimulus intensity increases
C Persistence of the sensation of a limb even after it has been severed from the body
D A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus
E Information from sensory receptorsreaches the cerebral cortex and the person becomes aware of it
Question #26
A thermoreceptor
B nociceptor
C chemoreceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #27
A chemoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C nociceptor
D mechanoreceptor
Question #28
A thermoreceptor
B chemoreceptor
C nociceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #29
A mechanoreceptor
B chemoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #30
A nociceptor
B photoreceptor
C thermoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #31
A chemoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C nociceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #32
A Friction while chewing activates thermoreceptors.
B All of the answer choices are correct.
C Chemoreceptors can activate heat sensing parts of the brain.
D The breakdown of chemicals within the pepper causes exothermic reactions in the mouth.
E A chemical within the jalepeño acts as a stimulus for thermoreceptors.
Question #33
A There are normally four different photopigments in the retina.
B There are two basic types of photoreceptors in the retina, rods, and cones.
C Photoreceptors are neurons.
D There are four different chromophore moleculesin the retina.
E There are four different opsins in the retina.
Question #34
A the posterior column
B spinocerebellar tract
C lateral corticospinal tract
D medial leminscus tract
E anterior spinothalmic tract
Question #35
A temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex
B somatosensory cortex
C limbic system
D frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
E occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex
Question #36
A K+ leak channels.
B Na+ leak channels
C Na+/K+ pumps.
D Na+ voltage-gated channels.
Question #37
A parassympathetic
B parasympathetic
C assympathetic
D sympathetic
Question #38
A The term “sensory unit” refers to a group of receptors that receive a particular stimulus and the afferent neuron associated with those receptors.
B Some sensory receptors are modifications of the peripheral endings of efferent neurons.
C Sensory information that leads to conscious awareness of the stimulus is called transduction.
D All sensory information that reaches the brain can be experienced as a conscious sensation.
E The term “adequate stimulus” means that a stimulus is strong enough to be detected.
Question #39
A photoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D mechanoreceptor
Question #40
A equal to the equilibrium potential for potassium.
B more positive than the equilibrium potential for sodium.
C equal to the equilibrium potential for sodium.
D more positive than the equilibrium potential for potassium.
E slightly more negative than the equilibrium potential of potassium ion.
Question #41
A 2, 1, 5, 4, 3
B 5, 4, 3, 1, 2
C 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
D 3, 1, 4, 5, 2
E 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
Question #42
A Terminal ganglia lie in a chain located along either side of the spinal cord.
B Terminal ganglia give rise to sympathetic neurons
C Long parasympathetic preganglionic fibers end at the terminal ganglia, which lie in or near the effector organ.
D Terminal ganglia are the final common pathway for the autonomic nervous system.
E The terminal ganglia contain muscarinic receptors.
F the otic ganglia are found near the parotid gland
Question #43
A The patient would perceive a specific, localized sensation in one body area.
B The patient would perceive a general sensation over one side of the body.
C The patient would perceive nothing.
D The patient would perceive a general sensation all over the body.
Question #44
A Mitochondria
B Pituitary gland
C Pineal gland
D Hypothalamus
Question #45
A No light will enter the eye and blindness will result
B Distance vision (e.g., reading a street sign)
C Near vision (e.g., reading a book)
D Both near and distance vision are compromised
E Both near and distance vision are fine, but changing back and forth between them becomes difficult
Question #46
A It maintains a concentration gradient for K + such that diffusion forces favor movement of K + into the cell.
B It transports equal numbers of sodium and potassium ions with each pump cycle.
C It pumps 3 Na + ions into the cell for every 2 K + ions it pumps out.
D It generates a small electrical potential such that the inside of a neuron is made negative with respect to the outside.
E It maintains an electrical gradient at the equilibrium potential of K +.
Question #47
A It is not altered by changing concentration gradients of permeating ions.
B It is oriented so that the cell’s interior is negative with respect to the extracellular fluid.
C Only nerve and muscle cells have a potential difference across the membrane at rest.
D It requires ions to be distributed unevenly across the plasma membrane of a cell.
E It has the same value in all cells.
F in neurons, it is created mainly by potassium ion leakage
Question #48
A delta motor neurons
B nictonic motor neurons
C upper motor neurons
D lower motor neurons
E gamma motor neurons
Question #49
A hippocampus.
B olfactory bulb
C mammillary body.
D amygdala.
E cingulate gyrus.
F primary visual cortex
Question #50
A They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
B They are action potentials.
C They can be graded and vary with stimulus strength.
D They always trigger action potentials.
E They propagate without decrement.
Question #51
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #52
A contains voltage-gated channels.
B contains ligand-gated channels
C is located in the axon hillock.
D is where action potentials are first generated.
E is found in the soma of the neuron
Question #53
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #54
A muscarinic
B adrenergic
C nicotinic
Question #55
A The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ions is much greater than its permeability to sodium ions.
B The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside.
C The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to potassium ions.
D The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ions.
E The plasma membrane is most permeable to sodium ions.
Question #56
A myopia.
B presbyopia.
C cataract.
D hyperopia.
E glaucoma.
Question #57
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #58
A when stimulated send impulses both to the limbic system and to the cortex for perception of smell.
B are replaced by cells known as basal cells.
C are specialized endings of afferent neurons called chemoreceptors
D bind chemicals called odorants
Question #59
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #60
A plays a role in controlling eye movement together with the inner ear.
B contains numerous nuclei connected by a network of white matter tracts.
C can be consciously controlled.
D compares the intentions of the higher motor centers with the performance of the muscles and corrects this information resulting in coordinated muscle movements
E is important for the maintenance of balance.
Question #61
A activation of her sympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
B she suddenly develops presbyopia.
C activation of her parasympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
D activation of her parasympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
E activation of her sympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
Question #62
A they exit from the anterior gray horn
B they secrete dopamine
C they are part of the final common pathway
D they can excite or inhibit skeletal muscles
E their activity is influenced by upper motor neurons
F they are also known as somatic motor neurons
Question #63
A closure of Na+ channels and decreased Na+ flow into the photoreceptor
B bleaching of opsin.
C excitation of bipolar cells
D increased neurotransmitter release from the synaptic terminal of the photoreceptor.
E decreased depolarization of the photoreceptor’s plasma membrane
Question #64
A the ventral root contains axons of afferent, sensory neurons
B afferent, sensory neurons are unipolar neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
C the dorsal root conducts motor information
D spinal nerves are for the conduction of motor information only
Question #65
A bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
B are found primarily in the heart.
C bind acetylcholine released from parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
D bind with norepinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
E bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
Question #66
A Photoreceptors
B Proprioceptors
C Nociceptors
D Mechanoreceptors
E Chemoreceptors
Question #67
A The concentration of cyclic GMP inside cells increases.
B The photoreceptor cell membranebecomes depolarized.
C There is an increase in neurotransmitter release from photoreceptor cells.
D The photoreceptor cells are stimulated and fireaction potentials.
E The chromophore retinal undergoes a change of shape.
Question #68
A Loss of pain in the right foot
B Loss of both pressure sense and pain in the right foot
C Loss of pain in the left foot
Question #69
A the hairs of the receptor cells of the Organ of Corti to be bent
B movement of the tectorial membrane relative to the vestibular
C displacement of the round window, which dissipates pressure in the cochlea.
D movement of the basilar membrane relative to the tectorial.
E increased fluid pressure against the cochlear duct by the fluid of the scala vestibuli