Navigation » List of Schools » West Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 101 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2020 » Lecture Exam 2 (B)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 9, 6, 5, 8
B 1, 7, 4, 6, 3, 2, 9, 8, 5
C 1, 4, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 8, 7
D 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 6, 9, 8, 5
Question #2
A They make synapses on effector organs in the PNS.
B They receive synaptic input from other neurons in the CNS.
C They can transmit information between afferent neurons and efferent neurons.
D They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
E They deliver synaptic input on other neurons.
Question #3
A The graded potential
B All of these will not occur
C The repolarization phase of the action potential
D The exocytosis of neurotransmitter
E The depolarization phase of the action potential
Question #4
A horizontal, inner
B bipolar, ganglion
C somatic, catalyst
Question #5
A White, Gray
B Brown, Gray
C Gray, White
D Black, White
Question #6
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #7
A Primary Visual cortex
B Primary Auditory cortex
C Somatosensory cortex
D Parietal lobe association area
E Occipital lobe association area
Question #8
A contraction of the ciliary muscles.
B increased rounding of the cornea.
C dilation of the pupil.
D flatteningof the lens.
E activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
Question #9
A 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
B 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
C 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
D 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
Question #10
A Vision
B pain
C Pressure
D Proprioception
E Sound
F Cold and warmth
Question #11
A trigger an action potential.
B trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
C be conducted to the axon hillock.
D depolarize a dendrite.
E cause a change in membrane potential.
Question #12
A Deflection
B Reflection
C Retraction
D Refraction
Question #13
A Cataract is an increase in opacity (clouding) of the lens.
B Presbyopia is a condition in which the lens cannot accommodate adequately for near vision.
C The image of an object that is focused on the retina is upside down relative to the object’s actual position in space.
D Myopia is a condition in which the lens focuses light from distant objects behind the retina.
E The cornea refracts light rays more strongly than the lens.
Question #14
A substantia nigra
B globus pallidus
C mammilary body
D putamen
E caudate nucleus
F cingulate gyrus
Question #15
A the receptors in both skin areas utilize the same afferent neuron.
B both pens are activating the same receptor.
C both afferent neurons converge on the same interneuron.
D both sensations are grouped together in the somatosensory cortex.
Question #16
A are part of the peripheral nervous system.
B carry impulses from the periphery to the CNS.
C relay messages from the brain down to the spinal cord to efferent neurons.
D transmit signals derived from afferent receptors up the spinal cord to the brain.
E carry impulses from the CNS to the periphery.
Question #17
A is a relay station for sensory input on its way to the cerebral cortex.
B plays a role in emotional and behavioral patterns.
C controls thirst, urine output, and food intake.
D functions as the body’s thermostat
E inhibits muscle tone throughout the body.
F secretes hormones
Question #18
A retina
B cornea
C iris
D lens
E ciliary muscle
Question #19
A is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons
B is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by upper motor neurons arising from the motor cortex
C always results in muscle contraction
D is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons and upper motor neurons arising from the cerebellum
E occurs in unmyelinated nerve fibers.
Question #20
A acetylcholine
B norepinephrine
C serotonin
D histamine
Question #21
A histamine
B acetylcholine
C serotonin
D dopamine
Question #22
A norepinephrine
B serotonin
C acetylcholine
D histamine
Question #23
A norepinephrine
B histamine
C dopamine
D acetylcholine
Question #24
A norepinephrine
B dopamine
C acetylcholine
D serotonin
Question #25
A Persistence of the sensation of a limb even after it has been severed from the body
B Information from sensory receptorsreaches the cerebral cortex and the person becomes aware of it
C Conversion of the energy of a stimulus into a pattern of electrical activity
D A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus
E A depolarization of receptive membrane that increase in magnitude as the stimulus intensity increases
Question #26
A nociceptor
B photoreceptor
C thermoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #27
A chemoreceptor
B mechanoreceptor
C thermoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #28
A thermoreceptor
B nociceptor
C photoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #29
A chemoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D mechanoreceptor
Question #30
A thermoreceptor
B nociceptor
C photoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #31
A thermoreceptor
B chemoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #32
A A chemical within the jalepeño acts as a stimulus for thermoreceptors.
B All of the answer choices are correct.
C Chemoreceptors can activate heat sensing parts of the brain.
D Friction while chewing activates thermoreceptors.
E The breakdown of chemicals within the pepper causes exothermic reactions in the mouth.
Question #33
A There are normally four different photopigments in the retina.
B Photoreceptors are neurons.
C There are four different chromophore moleculesin the retina.
D There are four different opsins in the retina.
E There are two basic types of photoreceptors in the retina, rods, and cones.
Question #34
A the posterior column
B spinocerebellar tract
C lateral corticospinal tract
D medial leminscus tract
E anterior spinothalmic tract
Question #35
A temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex
B somatosensory cortex
C frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
D limbic system
E occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex
Question #36
A K+ leak channels.
B Na+ leak channels
C Na+/K+ pumps.
D Na+ voltage-gated channels.
Question #37
A parasympathetic
B parassympathetic
C sympathetic
D assympathetic
Question #38
A The term “adequate stimulus” means that a stimulus is strong enough to be detected.
B All sensory information that reaches the brain can be experienced as a conscious sensation.
C Sensory information that leads to conscious awareness of the stimulus is called transduction.
D Some sensory receptors are modifications of the peripheral endings of efferent neurons.
E The term “sensory unit” refers to a group of receptors that receive a particular stimulus and the afferent neuron associated with those receptors.
Question #39
A chemoreceptor
B photoreceptor
C thermoreceptor
D mechanoreceptor
Question #40
A more positive than the equilibrium potential for sodium.
B equal to the equilibrium potential for potassium.
C slightly more negative than the equilibrium potential of potassium ion.
D equal to the equilibrium potential for sodium.
E more positive than the equilibrium potential for potassium.
Question #41
A 2, 1, 5, 4, 3
B 5, 4, 3, 1, 2
C 3, 1, 4, 5, 2
D 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
E 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
Question #42
A the otic ganglia are found near the parotid gland
B Terminal ganglia lie in a chain located along either side of the spinal cord.
C Terminal ganglia are the final common pathway for the autonomic nervous system.
D Long parasympathetic preganglionic fibers end at the terminal ganglia, which lie in or near the effector organ.
E The terminal ganglia contain muscarinic receptors.
F Terminal ganglia give rise to sympathetic neurons
Question #43
A The patient would perceive nothing.
B The patient would perceive a general sensation over one side of the body.
C The patient would perceive a general sensation all over the body.
D The patient would perceive a specific, localized sensation in one body area.
Question #44
A Mitochondria
B Pituitary gland
C Hypothalamus
D Pineal gland
Question #45
A Distance vision (e.g., reading a street sign)
B Both near and distance vision are compromised
C Both near and distance vision are fine, but changing back and forth between them becomes difficult
D No light will enter the eye and blindness will result
E Near vision (e.g., reading a book)
Question #46
A It transports equal numbers of sodium and potassium ions with each pump cycle.
B It pumps 3 Na + ions into the cell for every 2 K + ions it pumps out.
C It maintains an electrical gradient at the equilibrium potential of K +.
D It generates a small electrical potential such that the inside of a neuron is made negative with respect to the outside.
E It maintains a concentration gradient for K + such that diffusion forces favor movement of K + into the cell.
Question #47
A It has the same value in all cells.
B It requires ions to be distributed unevenly across the plasma membrane of a cell.
C in neurons, it is created mainly by potassium ion leakage
D It is not altered by changing concentration gradients of permeating ions.
E Only nerve and muscle cells have a potential difference across the membrane at rest.
F It is oriented so that the cell’s interior is negative with respect to the extracellular fluid.
Question #48
A upper motor neurons
B nictonic motor neurons
C gamma motor neurons
D lower motor neurons
E delta motor neurons
Question #49
A primary visual cortex
B hippocampus.
C amygdala.
D mammillary body.
E cingulate gyrus.
F olfactory bulb
Question #50
A They are action potentials.
B They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
C They always trigger action potentials.
D They can be graded and vary with stimulus strength.
E They propagate without decrement.
Question #51
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #52
A is where action potentials are first generated.
B is located in the axon hillock.
C contains ligand-gated channels
D is found in the soma of the neuron
E contains voltage-gated channels.
Question #53
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #54
A adrenergic
B nicotinic
C muscarinic
Question #55
A The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside.
B The plasma membrane is most permeable to sodium ions.
C The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ions.
D The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ions is much greater than its permeability to sodium ions.
E The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to potassium ions.
Question #56
A cataract.
B presbyopia.
C myopia.
D glaucoma.
E hyperopia.
Question #57
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #58
A when stimulated send impulses both to the limbic system and to the cortex for perception of smell.
B are specialized endings of afferent neurons called chemoreceptors
C bind chemicals called odorants
D are replaced by cells known as basal cells.
Question #59
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #60
A can be consciously controlled.
B contains numerous nuclei connected by a network of white matter tracts.
C compares the intentions of the higher motor centers with the performance of the muscles and corrects this information resulting in coordinated muscle movements
D is important for the maintenance of balance.
E plays a role in controlling eye movement together with the inner ear.
Question #61
A activation of her sympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
B activation of her parasympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
C activation of her sympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
D activation of her parasympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
E she suddenly develops presbyopia.
Question #62
A their activity is influenced by upper motor neurons
B they exit from the anterior gray horn
C they can excite or inhibit skeletal muscles
D they secrete dopamine
E they are also known as somatic motor neurons
F they are part of the final common pathway
Question #63
A excitation of bipolar cells
B closure of Na+ channels and decreased Na+ flow into the photoreceptor
C increased neurotransmitter release from the synaptic terminal of the photoreceptor.
D decreased depolarization of the photoreceptor’s plasma membrane
E bleaching of opsin.
Question #64
A the ventral root contains axons of afferent, sensory neurons
B spinal nerves are for the conduction of motor information only
C the dorsal root conducts motor information
D afferent, sensory neurons are unipolar neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
Question #65
A bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
B bind acetylcholine released from parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
C bind with norepinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
D bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
E are found primarily in the heart.
Question #66
A Photoreceptors
B Nociceptors
C Chemoreceptors
D Mechanoreceptors
E Proprioceptors
Question #67
A The concentration of cyclic GMP inside cells increases.
B The photoreceptor cells are stimulated and fireaction potentials.
C There is an increase in neurotransmitter release from photoreceptor cells.
D The photoreceptor cell membranebecomes depolarized.
E The chromophore retinal undergoes a change of shape.
Question #68
A Loss of both pressure sense and pain in the right foot
B Loss of pain in the right foot
C Loss of pain in the left foot
Question #69
A displacement of the round window, which dissipates pressure in the cochlea.
B the hairs of the receptor cells of the Organ of Corti to be bent
C increased fluid pressure against the cochlear duct by the fluid of the scala vestibuli
D movement of the tectorial membrane relative to the vestibular
E movement of the basilar membrane relative to the tectorial.