Navigation » List of Schools » West Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 101 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2020 » Lecture Exam 2 (A)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A nicotinic
B muscarinic
C adrenergic
Question #2
A Information from sensory receptorsreaches the cerebral cortex and the person becomes aware of it
B Conversion of the energy of a stimulus into a pattern of electrical activity
C A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus
D Persistence of the sensation of a limb even after it has been severed from the body
E A depolarization of receptive membrane that increase in magnitude as the stimulus intensity increases
Question #3
A 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
B 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
C 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
D 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
Question #4
A Proprioception
B Pressure
C pain
D Cold and warmth
E Sound
F Vision
Question #5
A The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside.
B The plasma membrane is most permeable to sodium ions.
C The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ions is much greater than its permeability to sodium ions.
D The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ions.
E The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to potassium ions.
Question #6
A stabilizes the membrane to remain at its resting potential.
B opens voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane.
C is a direct result of the opening of ligand-gated channels permeable to both Na + and K + ions in the pre-synaptic cell
D occurs when voltage-gated Cl- channels open in a postsynaptic cell membrane.
E is a direct result of the opening of voltage-gated channels permeable to Na + ions in the post-synaptic cell
Question #7
A contains voltage-gated channels.
B is found in the soma of the neuron
C is where action potentials are first generated.
D is located in the axon hillock.
E contains ligand-gated channels
Question #8
A serotonin
B histamine
C norepinephrine
D acetylcholine
Question #9
A histamine
B serotonin
C dopamine
D acetylcholine
Question #10
A histamine
B norepinephrine
C serotonin
D acetylcholine
Question #11
A histamine
B acetylcholine
C norepinephrine
D dopamine
Question #12
A acetylcholine
B serotonin
C norepinephrine
D dopamine
Question #13
A frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
B temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex
C somatosensory cortex
D limbic system
E occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex
Question #14
A It is not altered by changing concentration gradients of permeating ions.
B It is oriented so that the cell’s interior is negative with respect to the extracellular fluid.
C in neurons, it is created mainly by potassium ion leakage
D It requires ions to be distributed unevenly across the plasma membrane of a cell.
E Only nerve and muscle cells have a potential difference across the membrane at rest.
F It has the same value in all cells.
Question #15
A Near vision (e.g., reading a book)
B Distance vision (e.g., reading a street sign)
C Both near and distance vision are fine, but changing back and forth between them becomes difficult
D Both near and distance vision are compromised
E No light will enter the eye and blindness will result
Question #16
A photoreceptor
B parasympatic
C nociceptor
D parasympathetic
Question #17
A control of breathing, circulation, and digestion.
B language ability
C
D final sensory perception
E voluntary initiation of movement.
F personality traits.
Question #18
A Pituitary gland
B Pineal gland
C Mitochondria
D Hypothalamus
Question #19
A Reflection
B Retraction
C Refraction
D Deflection
Question #20
A Terminal ganglia lie in a chain located along either side of the spinal cord.
B Terminal ganglia are the final common pathway for the autonomic nervous system.
C The terminal ganglia contain muscarinic receptors.
D Long parasympathetic preganglionic fibers end at the terminal ganglia, which lie in or near the effector organ.
E Terminal ganglia give rise to sympathetic neurons
F the otic ganglia are found near the parotid gland
Question #21
A bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
B are found primarily in the heart.
C bind with norepinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
D bind acetylcholine released from parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
E bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
Question #22
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #23
A presbyopia.
B myopia.
C hyperopia.
D cataract.
E glaucoma.
Question #24
A carry impulses from the CNS to the periphery.
B carry impulses from the periphery to the CNS.
C transmit signals derived from afferent receptors up the spinal cord to the brain.
D are part of the peripheral nervous system.
E relay messages from the brain down to the spinal cord to efferent neurons.
Question #25
A Primary Visual cortex
B Parietal lobe association area
C Somatosensory cortex
D Primary Auditory cortex
E Occipital lobe association area
Question #26
A 5, 4, 3, 1, 2
B 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
C 3, 1, 4, 5, 2
D 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
E 2, 1, 5, 4, 3
Question #27
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #28
A photoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D mechanoreceptor
Question #29
A is located in the axon hillock.
B contains voltage-gated channels.
C is where action potentials are first generated.
D is found in the soma of the neuron
E contains ligand-gated channels
Question #30
A increased rounding of the cornea.
B dilation of the pupil.
C contraction of the ciliary muscles.
D flatteningof the lens.
E activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
Question #31
A secretes hormones
B controls thirst, urine output, and food intake.
C plays a role in emotional and behavioral patterns.
D inhibits muscle tone throughout the body.
E is a relay station for sensory input on its way to the cerebral cortex.
F functions as the body’s thermostat
Question #32
A both pens are activating the same receptor.
B the receptors in both skin areas utilize the same afferent neuron.
C both sensations are grouped together in the somatosensory cortex.
D both afferent neurons converge on the same interneuron.
Question #33
A Photoreceptors
B Proprioceptors
C Chemoreceptors
D Mechanoreceptors
E Nociceptors
Question #34
A are replaced by cells known as basal cells.
B are specialized endings of afferent neurons called chemoreceptors
C bind chemicals called odorants
D when stimulated send impulses both to the limbic system and to the cortex for perception of smell.
Question #35
A chemoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #36
A nociceptor
B thermoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D mechanoreceptor
Question #37
A nociceptor
B thermoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #38
A photoreceptor
B chemoreceptor
C thermoreceptor
D mechanoreceptor
Question #39
A photoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #40
A chemoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C nociceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #41
A They receive synaptic input from other neurons in the CNS.
B They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
C They deliver synaptic input on other neurons.
D They make synapses on effector organs in the PNS.
E They can transmit information between afferent neurons and efferent neurons.
Question #42
A can take up excess neurotransmitters
B are part of the blood-brain barrier.
C are important in the repair of brain injuries and in neural scar formation.
D produce myelin
E physically support neurons.
F produce the CSF
Question #43
A They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
B They always trigger action potentials.
C They are action potentials.
D They propagate without decrement.
E They can be graded and vary with stimulus strength.
Question #44
A trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
B trigger an action potential.
C cause a change in membrane potential.
D depolarize a dendrite.
E be conducted to the axon hillock.
Question #45
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #46
A activation of her parasympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
B activation of her sympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
C activation of her parasympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
D activation of her sympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
E she suddenly develops presbyopia.
Question #47
A They are the cortical locations where primary sensory information first arrives from specific ascending pathways.
B They are all found in the parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
C They are found deep in the cerebrum, surrounding the thalamus.
D They integrate multiple types of sensory information and are responsible for complex processing of sensory information.
E Their main input is sensory information arriving along neurons that project directly from the thalamus.
Question #48
A is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons
B is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons and upper motor neurons arising from the cerebellum
C always results in muscle contraction
D occurs in unmyelinated nerve fibers.
E is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by upper motor neurons arising from the motor cortex
Question #49
A Na+ voltage-gated channels.
B Na+ leak channels
C K+ leak channels.
D Na+/K+ pumps.
Question #50
A The photoreceptor cell membranebecomes depolarized.
B The chromophore retinal undergoes a change of shape.
C The photoreceptor cells are stimulated and fireaction potentials.
D There is an increase in neurotransmitter release from photoreceptor cells.
E The concentration of cyclic GMP inside cells increases.
Question #51
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #52
A movement of the tectorial membrane relative to the vestibular
B movement of the basilar membrane relative to the tectorial.
C the hairs of the receptor cells of the Organ of Corti to be bent
D increased fluid pressure against the cochlear duct by the fluid of the scala vestibuli
E displacement of the round window, which dissipates pressure in the cochlea.
Question #53
A substantia nigra
B mammilary body
C globus pallidus
D cingulate gyrus
E caudate nucleus
F putamen
Question #54
A 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
B 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
C 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
D 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
Question #55
A medial leminscus tract
B spinocerebellar tract
C the posterior column
D anterior spinothalmic tract
E lateral corticospinal tract
Question #56
A cornea
B iris
C ciliary muscle
D retina
E lens
Question #57
A All of these will not occur
B The graded potential
C The repolarization phase of the action potential
D The exocytosis of neurotransmitter
E The depolarization phase of the action potential
Question #58
A Myopia is a condition in which the lens focuses light from distant objects behind the retina.
B Presbyopia is a condition in which the lens cannot accommodate adequately for near vision.
C Cataract is an increase in opacity (clouding) of the lens.
D The image of an object that is focused on the retina is upside down relative to the object’s actual position in space.
E The cornea refracts light rays more strongly than the lens.
Question #59
A the ventral root contains axons of afferent, sensory neurons
B the dorsal root conducts motor information
C spinal nerves are for the conduction of motor information only
D afferent, sensory neurons are unipolar neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
Question #60
A they are also known as somatic motor neurons
B they are part of the final common pathway
C they exit from the anterior gray horn
D they can excite or inhibit skeletal muscles
E they secrete dopamine
F their activity is influenced by upper motor neurons
Question #61
A It transports equal numbers of sodium and potassium ions with each pump cycle.
B It maintains an electrical gradient at the equilibrium potential of K +.
C It pumps 3 Na + ions into the cell for every 2 K + ions it pumps out.
D It generates a small electrical potential such that the inside of a neuron is made negative with respect to the outside.
E It maintains a concentration gradient for K + such that diffusion forces favor movement of K + into the cell.
Question #62
A White, Gray
B Gray, White
C Black, White
D Brown, Gray