Module 1 Exam

A  selective sampling

B  attrition

C  cohort effect

D  selective survival

A  cohort effect

B  time of measurement effect

C  gender effect

D  age effect

A  correlational; quasi-experimental

B  dependent; independent

C  quasi-experimental; correlational

D  independent; dependent

A  ethnographic research

B  longitudinal research

C  quasi-experimental research

D  cross-sectional research

A  experiment

B  quasi-experiment

C  theory

D  correlation

A  a quasi-experimental design

B  a cross-sectional design

C  a semi-reliable design

D  a longitudinal design

A  Validity; reliability

B  Reliability; validity

C  Variance from the mean; standardization

D  Standardization; variance from the mean

A  reliable; valid

B  informed consent; debriefing

C  internally measured; externally measured

D  non-numerical; numerical

A  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

B  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

C  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

D  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

A  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

B  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

C  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

D  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

A  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

B  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

C  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

D  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

A  Reliability; confidentiality

B  Debriefing; informed consent

C  Informed consent; debriefing

D  Confidentiality; reliability

A  University Research Sponsorship Department

B  Ethical Standard Board

C  Institutional Review Board

D  Department of Research

A  standardization

B  generalizability

C  reliability

D  validity

A  population

B  theory

C  hypothesis

D  variable

A  a framework that presents a set of interconnected ideas in an original way and inspires further research

B  a statement indicating that participation in the study is voluntary, and that persons may withdraw from participation in the study at any time

C  the way the study is conducted and the data are collected

D  a group of people who participate in a research study

A  generate a conclusion; isolate variables; determine how variables are related to the conclusion; conduct the research study; and published the findings

B  observe the environment; generate a theory of the phenomenon to be studied; generate possible hypotheses; systematically vary variables; and conduct an experiment

C  collect data to test a theory; manipulate variables within a laboratory setting; conduct a statistical analysis of the data; synthesize the results; and publish the findings

D  identify a question to be investigated; form a hypothesis; choose a research method and a research design; collect data to test the hypothesis; and draw conclusions that lead to new questions and hypotheses

A  collecting data

B  identifying a question of scientific interest

C  forming a hypothesis

D  selecting a research method and a research design

A  cultural beliefs are the basis for many other conditions of children’s development

B  nearly everyone lives in a very similar culture

C  culture is damaging and can be devastating to a young child’s development

D  culture should be factored out to determine what really influences development

A  chronosystem

B  exosystem

C  macrosystem

D  mesosystem

A  parents, siblings, peers and friends, and teachers

B  schools, religious institutions, and the media

C  time and historical change

D  cultural beliefs and values, and economic and governmental systems

A  macrosystem

B  microsystem

C  mesosystem

D  exosystem

A  microsystem

B  macrosystem

C  mesosystem

D  exosystem

A  Erikson

B  Freud

C  Bronfenbrenner

D  Piaget

A  sensitivity

B  critical period

C  crisis

D  fixation

A  personality was set at birth, while Freud thought that it was completed by age 6

B  development continued throughout the lifespan, and Freud believed that only the early years were important

C  sexuality was even more important than Freud did

D  biological factors were more important in terms of development, and Freud believed that culture was more important

A  id, ego, superego

B  conscious, collective unconscious, subcortical unconscious

C  the self, the shadow, the anima

D  real self, fear self, future self

A  psychosexual

B  psychosocial

C  psychocognitive

D  psychobiological

A  psychoanalysis

B  behavioral therapy

C  humanistic psychology

D  psychosocial moratorium

A  middle-SES; high-SES; middle-SES fathers are more likely to be absent from the family

B  high-SES; low-SES; high-SES mothers are not likely to consume fluoride in their drinking water

C  low-SES; high-SES; low-SES mothers are less likely to receive prenatal care

D  middle-SES; low-SES; middle-SES mothers are more likely to live in rural parts of the country

A  high; moderate

B  low; high

C  high; low

D  moderate; low

A  socioeconomic status

B  tax bracket status

C  social class status

D  education status

A  minority culture

B  subcultural groups

C  majority culture

D  ethnic populace

A  traditional cultures

B  rural cultures

C  agrarian cultures

D  conventional cultures

A  20%

B  60%

C  40%

D  80%

A  individualistic culture

B  developed country

C  developing country

D  collective culture

A  the United States

B  Canada

C  Japan

D  Germany

A  27%, 73%

B  37%, 63%

C  18%, 82%

D  47%, 57%

A  Collective cultures

B  Developed countries

C  Developing countries

D  Individualistic cultures

A  developing countries

B  developed countries

C  impoverished countries

D  population-rich countries

A  decrease

B  remain stable in population

C  increase slowly

D  increase more than developing countries

A  developing countries

B  emerging countries

C  South American countries

D  developed countries

A  conceptions per woman

B  fetuses that were spontaneously aborted

C  births per woman

D  women on fertility drugs

A  small world syndrome

B  social networks

C  the Internet

D  globalization

A  their genetic lineage

B  the expression of their phenotype

C  the strength of their id

D  their culture

A  evolution

B  development

C  growth

D  change