Exam 5

A  Self-consciousness

B  Sensation seeking

C  Need for achievement

D  Need for cognition

A  children’s ethical behavior is genetically determined

B  children’s ethical behavior depends on their personality

C  children’s ethical behavior depends on the situation

D  children’s ethical behavior depends on their parents

A  the unique ways people learn behaviors.

B  people’s unconscious processes.

C  a person’s feelings, thoughts, and attitudes

D  characteristic ways that people differ from one another.

A  The honesty-trustworthy dimension was added to describe people are defensive, manipulative, and gregarious, not shy, agreeable, or authentic.

B  The honesty-humility dimension was added to describe people who are sincere, fair, and modest, not manipulative, narcissistic, or self-centered.

C  The honesty-humility dimension was added to describe people who are ambitious, independent, and optimistic, not pessimistic, interdependent, or lazy.

D  The honesty-trustworthy dimension was added to describe people are truthful, empathetic, and noncompetitive, not liars, callousness, or apathy.

A  extraversion

B  conscientiousness

C  openness

D  agreeableness

A  Approximately one-third of participants complied at the highest level of shock (450 volts).

B  With each increment of shock voltage, fewer participants obeyed, but about 65% still administered 450 volts (the highest level).

C  With each increment of shock voltage, a similar proportion of participants obeyed until the highest level (450 volts), where about 35% complied.

D  Approximately two-thirds of participants refused to continue participation well before the highest level (450 volts).

A  Milgram

B  Asch

C  Leininger

D  Hollingsworth

A  The Bolshevik revolution in Russia

B  German citizens’ willingness to go along with Nazi leaders during the Holocaust

C  The slave trade from Africa to the United States

D  The virtual eradication of Native Americans by the settlers in the United States

A  Milgram conducted a follow-up survey of his participants, and most of them indicated that they were very angry at having been deceived. This means that the research was likely unethical.

B  The majority of participants reported that they were pleased to have participated in the research, so it does not seem to have been damaging to most of those who were involved.

C  Milgram’s research was certainly unethical, because he conducted it even though he was advised not to do so by his University’s Institutional Review Board (IRB).

D  Milgram’s participants were paid for their participation, so there is no legitimacy to the statement that the research was unethical.

A  fixed action patterns

B  normative influence

C  informational influence

D  obedience

A  She suspects the police officer is off duty and friends with the stranger.

B  The stranger who needs help is not around or close to her in proximity.

C  She has seen the police officer ask others who have disobeyed.

D  She views the police officer as an authority figure.

A  Hierarchies are natural, some groups are simply better than others.

B  With limited resources we should share economic capital to maintain stability.

C  Inequality is a socially constructed situation that should be changed.

D  Even with strong work ethic some people don’t have the opportunity to advance.

A  paternalism

B  contempt

C  envy

D  admiration

A  schematic stratification

B  blatant bias

C  implicit personality

D  social identity

A  subtle bias

B  implicit bias

C  social dominance

D  right-wing authoritarianism

A  subtle prejudice

B  benevolent schemata

C  automatic bias

D  self-categorization

A  automatic

B  implicit

C  ambivalent

D  ambiguous

A  a stereotype.

B  discrimination.

C  a heuristic.

D  the self-serving bias.

A  The sunny day is making Jaden happy, helping him to recall what he ate for breakfast this morning when he was in a hurry.

B  Yesterday Janis was remembering all the hardships she’s been through in her life but today she felt happy after getting engaged.

C  John is currently sad and can more easily recall a time when he got in trouble for a late assignment.

D  Jasmine is feeling anxious but is having a difficult time recalling how nervous she was to give a public speech.

A  directional goal

B  affective forecasting

C  availability heuristic

D  schema

A  People may overestimate the intensity of future feelings.

B  People may be skeptical about evidence that goes against their directional goal.

C  People may wait to make a decision on where to eat if they have a need for closure.

D  People may ignore base-rates when judging representativeness.

A  availability

B  fluency

C  shortcut

D  representativeness

A  They will show resistance when being primed about a topic.

B  They are unaware they hold an actual bias, such as a bias towards an ethnic minority.

C  Their direct, self-reports will best predict behavior such as their choice to purchase designer jeans.

D  They are quicker at evaluating or categorizing attitude objects.

A    

B  similarity

C  representativeness

D  compare and contrast

E  availability

A  form the most positive impressions of those with whom he interacted least

B  carefully form the impressions he makes of these club members only after repeated meetings

C  not form impressions of these club members on physical characteristics

D  form the impressions he makes of these club members after only one meeting