Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A They secrete inhibin.

B Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

C They secrete testosterone.

D They protect and support the germ cells.

E They secrete androgen-binding protein.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A corpus spongiosum

B detrusor

C pubococcygeus

D distractor

E corpus cavernosum

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Epithelium of the endometrium

B Medulla of the ovary

C Center of the ovum

D Cortex of the ovary

E Epithelium of the placenta

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A glomerulus

B descending limb of the nephron loop

C medullary portion of the collecting duct

D distal convoluted tubule

E proximal convoluted tubule

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A seminal vesicle

B bulbourethral gland

C corpus cavernosum

D prostate

E ejaculatory duct

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

B secretion of renin

C secretion of parathyroid hormone

D an increase in blood urea nitrogen

E a decrease in aldosterone production

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A urethra

B labia minora

C vagina

D clitoris

E mons pubis

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

B penetrate the vagina

C penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

D dissolve the stickiness of the semen

E dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A renal fascia

B renal medulla

C perirenal fat capsule

D hilum

E fibrous capsule

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A epididymis

B blood-testis barrier

C pampiniform plexus of veins

D scrotal portal system

E rete testis

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

B Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

C Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

D Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

E Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

B Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

C Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

D Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

E Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Decreased urine molarity

B Increased urine volume

C Decreased urine volume

D Increased urine acidity

E Increased urine salinity

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A peritubular capillaries

B vasa recta

C medulla

D cortical radiate veins

E glomerulus

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal calyx

B renal column

C renal capsule

D renal tubule

E renal corpuscle

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

B The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

C The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

D The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

E The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

B An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

C A drop in oncotic pressure

D Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

E Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A bulbourethral gland

B prostate

C urethra

D seminal vesicle

E ejaculatory duct

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The prostate

B The uterus

C The presence of testes

D The enlargement of the breasts

E The vagina

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A two haploid (n) cells

B four diploid (2n) cells

C haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

D four haploid (n) cells

E two diploid (2n) cells

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

B It inhibits the micturition reflex.

C It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

D It inhibits urine production.

E It compresses the urethra.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A GnRH

B Progesterone

C Estradiol and progesterone

D Androgens

E Estradiol

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A corpus spongiosum

B pampiniform plexus

C cremaster

D perineum

E corpus cavernosum

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Uterus

B Urethra

C Urinary bladder

D Ovary

E Uterine tube

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A loops of Henle

B proximal convoluted tubules

C glomeruli

D distal convoluted tubules

E collecting ducts

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Simple columnar epithelium

B Transitional epithelium

C Stratified squamous epithelium

D Simple squamous epithelium

E Simple cuboidal epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A central; peripheral

B sympathetic; parasympathetic

C enteric; somatic

D peripheral; central

E parasympathetic; sympathetic

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Sperm production

B Development of secondary sex characteristics

C Development of secondary sex organs

D Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

E Libido

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

B corpus albicans; FSH and LH

C corpus luteum; FSH and LH

D corpus albicans; progesterone

E corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A ureter

B urinary bladder

C liver

D kidney

E urethra

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

B It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

C It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

D It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

E It prevents heat loss from the testes.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A rete testis

B ductus (vas) deferens

C epididymis

D seminiferous tubules

E spermatic cord

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 40 mm Hg out

B 30 mm Hg out

C 50 mm Hg out

D 20 mm Hg out

E 10 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A secreting erythropoietin

B contributing to calcium homeostasis

C secreting renin

D deaminating amino acids

E producing uric acid

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

B They release waste into the bloodstream.

C They help control blood pressure.

D They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

E They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A scrotum

B epididymis

C corpus spongiosum

D corpus cavernosum

E ductus (vas) deferens

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

B Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

C Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

D Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

E Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A a renal medulla and two renal columns

B one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

C one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

D two calyces and a renal pelvis

E one pyramid and the overlying cortex

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Cervix

B Endometrium

C Fimbrium

D Perimetrium

E Myometrium

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A lungs

B heart

C spleen

D kidneys

E liver

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A During thelarche

B During pubarche

C During embryonic development

D At birth

E During menarche

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A the myogenic mechanism

B the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

C tubuloglomerular feedback

D sympathetic control

E renal autoregulation

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The granulosa cells

B The corpus albicans

C The corpus luteum

D The theca interna

E The corona radiata

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A person is lost and deprived of drinking water

B body’s water volume is high

C output of natriuretic peptides is high

D body’s pH is low

E output of antidiuretic hormone is high

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A prostatic urethra

B external urethral orifice

C spongy urethra

D internal urethral sphincter

E membranous urethra

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