Chapter 29 Quiz

A  The client is going into cardiogenic shock.

B  The client is in the early stage of right-sided heart failure.

C  The client shows signs of aneurysm rupture.

D  The client is experiencing heart failure.

A  End-tidal CO2

B  Arterial blood gases

C  Listening to breath sounds

D  Pulse oximetry

A  Myocardial ischemia

B  Pulmonary embolus

C  Cystic fibrosis

D  Ineffective right ventricular contraction

A  45%

B  50%

C  55%

D  40%

A  weight.

B  urine specific gravity.

C  fluid intake and output.

D  vital signs.

A  Administer pain medication.

B  Titrate oxygen therapy.

C  Assess the surgical incisional area.

D  Assess for jugular vein distention.

A  Notify the health care provider of the chest pain.

B  Wait ten minutes after the second tablet to assess pain.

C  Administer the third sublingual nitroglycerin tablet.

D  Hold any further treatment until the client’s blood pressure increases.

A  Decrease in central venous pressure (CVP)

B  Decrease in blood pressure

C  Increase in CVP

D  Absence of cough

A  Increase in the cardiac index

B  Decreased central venous pressure

C  Decreased mean pulmonary artery pressure

D  Increased pulmonary artery diastolic pressure

A  dehydration

B  vasodilation of skin

C  increased blood volume ejected from ventricle

D  decrease in renal perfusion

A  increasing activity

B  sustained elevation of the client’s legs

C  application of antiembolytic stockings

D  administration of a vasodilating drug (as ordered by a health care provider)

A  jugular vein distention

B  ascites

C  pitting edema of the legs

D  air hunger

A  First-degree heart block

B  Atrial fibrillation

C  Supraventricular tachycardia

D  Sinus tachycardia

A   It reduces ventricular ejection volume.

B  It increases afterload.

C  It causes a loss of elasticity in the myocardium.

D   It increases preload.

A  Assess for elevated blood potassium levels.

B  Assess for reduced urine output.

C  Assess for elevated blood urea nitrogen levels.

D  Assess for reduced blood sodium levels.

A  Examine the client’s eyes for excess tears.

B  Monitor the client for signs of lethargy or confusion.

C  Examine the client’s neck for distended veins.

D  Examine the client’s joints for crepitus.

A  Cardiogenic shock

B  Progressive heart failure

C  Acute pulmonary edema

D  Pulmonary hypertension

A   perform chest physiotherapy

B  have the client take deep breaths and cough

C  administer oxygen

D  place the client in high Fowler’s position

A  increased left atrial contractility

B  decreased left ventricular pumping

C  increased right atrial resistance

D  decreased right ventricular elasticity

A  decreased peripheral perfusion to the extremities

B  decreased renal perfusion

C  decreased right ventricular workload

D  decreased left ventricular workload

A  Pulmonary congestion

B  Limited activities of daily living (ADLs)

C  Basilar crackles

D  Low ejection fraction (EF)

A  Hyperactive bowel sounds

B  High blood pressure

C  Tissue hypoperfusion

D  Increased urinary output

A  Increased perspiration

B  Sleeping in a chair or recliner

C  Increased urine output

D  Gradual unexplained weight gain

A  Reduction in forward flow

B  Accumulation of blood in the lungs

C  Reduction in cardiac output

D  Systemic venous congestion

A  peripheral edema

B  dry cough

C  postural hypotension

D  skin rash

A  5%

B  30%

C  55%

D  65%

A  fatigue

B  pedal edema

C  irregular pulse

D  nocturia

A  mannitol

B  metolazone

C  spironolactone

D   furosemide

A  Dyspnea

B  Ascites

C  Cough

D  Jugular vein distention

E  Pulmonary crackles

A  2.0 mg/mL

B  4.0 mg/mL

C  0.25 mg/mL

D  3.2 mg/mL

A  Reduction in forward flow

B  Congestion in the peripheral tissues

C  Reduction in cardiac output

D  Accumulation of blood in the lungs

A  echocardiogram

B  cardiac catheterization

C  cardiac ultrasound

D  electrocardiogram

A  sodium level of 152 mEq/L

B  potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L

C  calcium level of 7.5 mg/dL

D  magnesium level of 2.5 mg/dL

A  A 5- to 10-mm depression when the thumb is released from the swollen area; foot and leg swelling

B   Barely detectable depression when the thumb is released from the swollen area; normal foot and leg contours

C  Detectable depression of less than 5 mm when the thumb is released from the swollen area; normal foot and leg contours

D   A depression of more than 1 cm when the thumb is released from the swollen area; severe foot and leg swelling

A  urine output of 300 mL in eight hours

B  blood pressure of 125/80

C  heart rate of 55 beats per minute

D  atrial fibillation rhythm

A  captopril

B  enalapril

C  metoprolol

D  Natrecor

A  hepatomegaly

B  ascites

C  inadequate cardiac output

D  nocturia

A   acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

B  bilateral pneumonia.

C  tuberculosis.

D  decompensated heart failure with pulmonary edema.

A  Serum electrolytes

B   Echocardiogram

C  Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

D  Electrocardiogram (ECG)

A  No JVD is present.

B  JVD is noted 4 cm above the sternal angle.

C  JVD is noted at the level of the sternal angle.

D  JVD is noted 2 cm above the sternal angle.

A  The pericardial space is eliminated with scar tissue and thickened pericardium.

B  Fibrin accumulation on the visceral pericardium infiltrates into the myocardium, creating generalized myocardial dysfunction.

C  The parietal and visceral pericardial membranes adhere to each other, preventing normal myocardial contraction.

D  Excess pericardial fluid compresses the heart and prevents adequate diastolic filling.

A  visual disturbances.

B  nocturia and sleep disturbances.

C  taste and smell alterations.

D  dry mouth and urine retention.

A  Weighing the client daily at the same time each day

B  Measuring and recording fluid intake and output

C  Checking the client’s lungs for crackles during every shift

D  Assessing the client’s vital signs every 4 hours

A  vital signs.

B  fluid intake and output.

C  urine specific gravity.

D  weight.

A  using mechanical ventilation

B  asking the client about comfort level

C  measuring intake and output

D  obtaining cardiac output with a pulmonary catheter

A  Call for a chest x-ray.

B  Listen for breath sounds over the epigastrium.

C  Observe for mist in the endotracheal tube.

D  Attach a pulse oximeter probe and obtain values.

A  Nitroglycerin

B  Furosemide

C  Morphine sulfate

D  Dopamine

A  Low-fat diet

B   Low-cholesterol diet

C  Low-potassium diet

D  Low-sodium diet

A  The client says he has been hungry in the evening.

B  The client says he is short of breath when ambulating.

C  The client says his rings have become tight and are difficult to remove.

D  The client says that he has been urinating less frequently at night.

A  chest pain

B  confusion

C  dyspnea on exertion

D  anxiety

A  II

B  III

C  IV

D  I

A   Afterload

B  Preload

C  Stroke volume

D   Ejection fraction

A  Flexion contractures

B  Vasculitis

C  Enlargement of joints

D  nausea and vomiting

A  Tension pneumothorax

B  Cardiac tamponade

C  Heart failure

D  Pulmonary embolism

A  A ventriculogram

B  A chest x-ray

C  An electrocardiogram

D  An echocardiogram

A  Jugular vein distention (JVD)

B  Pulmonary crackles

C  Dyspnea

D  Cough

A  Potassium levels

B  Enlargement of joints

C  Vasculitis

D  Flexion contractures

A  Decreased urinary output

B  Dyspnea on exertion

C  Hypotension

D  Tachycardia

A  Increased perspiration

B  Increased urine output

C  Sleeping in a chair or recliner

D  Gradual unexplained weight gain

A  Ibuprofen

B  Warfarin

C  Amlodipine

D  Digoxin immune FAB

A  Tachycardia

B  Ascites

C  Dizziness

D  Nocturia

A  a third heart sound (S3).

B  a first heart sound (S1).

C  a murmur.

D  a fourth heart sound (S4).

A  Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis

B   Lung sounds

C  Pulse oximetry

D  Skin color assessment

A  Restlessness and confusion

B  Hyperactive bowel sounds

C  High blood pressure

D  Increased urinary output

A  paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.

B  dyspnea upon exertion.

C  hyperpnea.

D  orthopnea.

A  “Are you only able to breathe when you are sitting upright?”

B  “Are you coughing up blood at night?”

C  “How far can you walk without becoming short of breath?”

D  “Are you urinating excessively at night?”

A  Complete blood count (CBC)

B  Creatinine

C  Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

D  Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)