Exam 1

A  hardy effect

B  reproductive variance

C  genetic bottleneck

D  sexual selection

A  each cell type has its own unique DNA that is different from all other cells.

B  only specific genes for specific proteins are activated in specific cell types.

C  they are mentally manipulated by an organism to achieve specific characteristics.

A  punnett square

B  heritable chart

C  pedigree chart

D  none of the above

A  cultural, linguistic, geological, and physical.

B  biological, archaeological, cultural, and linguistic.

C  archaeological, geological, geographical, and biological.

D  physics, biological, cultural, and linguistic.

A  the founder effect.

B  mutation.

C  stabilizing selection.

D  gene flow.

A  phenotype

B  allele frequency

C  recessive allele

D  genotype

A  recombination

B  gene flow

C  natrual selection

D  genetic drift

A  gene flow.

B  genetic drift.

C  founder effect.

D  a population bottleneck.

A  Gene flow

B  Sexual selection

C  Natural selection

D  Genetic drift

A  protein synthesis

B  cytoplasmic

C  energy production

D  cell replication

A  speciation

B  microevolution

C  macroevolution

D  species split

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  a spontaneous population shift

B  extinction

C  a population bottleneck

D  natural selection

A  mutants

B  adapted organisms

C  evolved organisms

D  species

A  extra chromosomes

B  a full complement of chromosomes

A  they decrease variation

B  They both increases and decreases variation

C  they increase variation

D  They Don’t effect variation

A  changes in the DNA of an individual over his or her lifetime.

B  a change in allele frequencies in a breeding population over time.

C  a process that occurs only over extremely long periods of time.

D  the appearance of a new species.

A  Amino acids, and hydrogen bonds

B  Chromosome s and nuclein

C  Deoxyribose, phosphate and nitrogenous bases

A  humans from a biological perspective

B  humans from a cultural perspective only.

C  pyrimids

D  dinosaurs

A  gene migration.

B  gene flow.

C  genetic drift.

D  admixture.

A  Translation and transcription

B  Replication and DNA construction

C  Replication and protein synthesis

D  Replication and polymerase immersion

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  The recessive allele is more likely to be passed down.

B  The dominant allele is more likely to be passed down.

C  Both alleles have an equal probability of being passed down to the offspring.

D  When both alleles are present none of them will be passed down to the next generation

A  No since all traits are only controlled by one gene with two alleles.

B  No since different genes will exert varying degrees of influence on the trait

C  Yes since all genes having to do with a trait always have the exact same influence on a trait.

D  None of the other responses are satisfactory answers.

A  all species are fixed

B  none of the answers are satisfactory

C  within a population, some variations are favored by environmental conditions and others are not

D  organisms transform and pass these transformations on to their offspring

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  determined by one gene with multiple alleles

B  determined by one gene

C  determined by more than one gene

A  would inherit characteristics that were acquired during their parents’ lifetimes.

B  would be composed of an even blend of their parents’ characteristics.

C  did not inherit characteristics from their parents but acquired them through interaction with their environment.

D  changed genetically from their parents through the accumulation of random genetic mutations.

A  epigenes

B  diploid and haploid numbers

C  nucleotide sequences

D  chromosome number

A  phenotypic

B  dominant

C  structural

D  recessive

A  control which amino acids get plugged into polypeptide chains.

B  appear to function in similar ways across diverse groups of organisms.

C  control the development of language in humans.

D  function only in fruit flies.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  greatly manipulated by social factors

B  controlled by multiple genes

C  controlled by a single gene

D  mentally manipulated

A  A hypothesis explains observations and cannot be refuted by new evidence.

B  A theory has been less thoroughly tested than a hypothesis.

C  A theory is an explanation that has been carefully examined and tested.

D  A theory is an explanation based upon controversial facts.

A  have their own unique phenotypes and are geographically isolated from one another, but are capable of successful interbreeding.

B  have their own unique phenotypes and are geographically isolated from one another, but if they do happen to encounter one another, they are still capable of interbreeding although their offspring are infertile.

C  may share the same geographic area but are so phenotypically different that they never attempt to reproduce.

D  are geographically isolated from one another, look alike, but are not capable of successful interbreeding.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  merely increased variation within populations.

B  resulted in new phenotype characteristics.

C  were rare and unlikely to occur.

D  created new species.

A  is expressed in the phenotype alongside a dominant allele.

B  can be masked in the phenotype.

C  can never be expressed in the phenotype.

D  can always be determined from the phenotype.

A  DNA was the molecule carrying the genetic code.

B  peas were a poor choice for understanding basic hereditary principles.

C  traits inherited from each parent blended together in the offspring.

D  traits are passed on from parent to offspring as discrete units.

A  Diseases typically attack individuals and not populations.

B  A disease that kills one individual is likely to kill everybody else.

C  Being the same makes everybody stronger since they are pure blooded and as a result are more likely to survive.

D  Natural selection does not deal with diseases and as a result this scenario is not possible.

A  mutations, genes, and genetic drift.

B  natural selection, gene flow, genetic drift, and mutations.

C  gene flow, mutations, chromosomes, and genes.

D  natural selection, genes, alleles, and chromosomes.

A  ribosomes

B  your mind

C  genes.

D  chains of amino acids.

A  homozygous genes

B  locus

C  heterozygous genes

D  gene variants

A  30,000 genes

B  3 billion genes

C  21,000 genes

D  100,000 genes

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  the Y chromosome is present in males only.

B  sperm are more powerful than eggs.

C  the X chromosome determines sex.

D  the X chromosome originates only from females.

A  the entirety of an individual organism’s genome

B  the entire collection of genetic material in a breeding community that can be passed on from one generation to the next

C  the observable traits that are produced by a genotype

D  pools of water that attract organisms and encourage mating

A  tRNA

B  DNA

C  sodium

D  mitochondria

A  codominance

B  polygenic inheritance

C  Mendelian inheritance

D  recessive traits