Exam 1

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Question #1

A _____ uses metabolic energy to heat its body. A _____ loses metabolic heat and must maintain body temperatures using alternative means.

A homeotherm, endotherm

B pokilotherm, homeotherm

C ectotherm, endotherm

D endotherm, ectotherm

E endotherm, pokilotherm

Question #2

The process in which the continental land masses have moved their positions on Earth’s surface due to plate tectonics is known as __________.

A geoforming

B continental uplift

C contiental rise

D continental drift

E geotaxis

Question #3

The nutrients __________, __________, and __________ are often scarce in the water column because they are used up quickly by autotrophs during photosynthesis.

A Nitrate, Phosphorous, Iron

B Phosphorous, Carbon, Oxygen

C Sulfur, Oxygen, Carbon

D Iron, Zinc, Nitrate

Question #4

Seawater turbidity and dissolved materials influence light penetration. In temperate waters, ___________ wavelengths (color) of light penetrate the furthest into seawater, whereas in tropical waters ___________ light travels the deepest.

A red, green

B green, blue

C blue, blue

D blue, green

Question #5

The metabolic wastes excreted by herbivores, as well as other dissolved organic particles are known as _____________ and are an energy source for deep sea organisms.

A dissolved organic carbon

B nitrogenous waste

C marine debris

D marine snow

Question #6

When oceanic plates collide with continental plates, which plate is subducted?

A both

B oceanic plate

C continental plate

D it depends

Question #7

The largest continuous geological feature on earth is the _____.

A Mariana Trench

B Pacific Ocean

C Rocky Mountains

D Mid-Atlantic Ridge

E Puerto Rico Trench

Question #8

The founder of modern oceanography and marine biology is often credited as British naturalist Charles Darwin.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #9

In organisms known as ____________, the salt content of their cellular tissues is identical to that of the surrounding seawater; on the other hand, _________ are able to control the salt content of their internal body fluids.

A homeotherms, ectotherms

B osmoconformer, osmoregulator

C ectotherms, homeotherms

D osmolytes, ectolytes

E ionoconformer, ionoregulator

Question #10

Two ions, ____________ and ____________, comprise about 85% of the solutes in seawater. (Choose two).

A chloride

B sodium

C silicon

D iron

E magnesium

Question #11

Seasonality in temperate and polar waters produces a shallow _______ in the surface layer, however, in the tropics this phenomena is absent.

A seasonal thermocline

B gyre

C wind-driven upwelling zone

D regional nutrient enrichment

Question #12

Earth goes through periods of glaciation and alternating interglacial periods. Earth is currently in a _________ period, that began at the end of the __________ ~11,700 years ago.

A interglacial, Pleistocene

B glaciation, Silurian

C glaciation, Miocene

D interglacial, Paleocene

E interglacial, Holocene

Question #13

The blood of marine fish is less salty relative to seawater and they _____ salt along their gills; freshwater fish blood is more salty than freshwater and they ____ salt at the gills.

A gain, lose

B concentrate, gain

C lose, gain

D gain, concentrate

Question #14

Who were the first marine scientists to travel around the Pacific Ocean using natural phenomena as their navigational tools?

A Pacific Islanders

B Vikings

C Captain Cook

D Ferdinand Magellan

Question #15

Which of the following are considered to be branches of marine science?

A Zoology

B All of these

C Chemistry

D Physics

E Anthropology

Question #16

The east coast of the United States is a passive margin characterized by:

A Gentle continental slope

B Short continental shelf

C Mountains along the coast

D Offshore trench

E Steep and rocky shorelines

Question #17

Trenches are formed where:

A A plate sinks beneath another

B Sea floor spreading takes place

C A plate is lifted by another

D A plate moves above another

E A plate splits and opens up

Question #18

There is scientific evidence that the earth and the rest of the solar system formed approximately:

A 1 billion years ago

B 10.5 billion years ago

C 10 million years ago

D 5 million years ago

E 4.6 billion years ago

Question #19

The world’s largest and deepest ocean:

A Atlantic Ocean

B Arctic Ocean

C Indian Ocean

D Antarctic Ocean

E Pacific Ocean

Question #20

An earthquake occurred off the island of Java. Afterwards an ocean buoy detects a wavelength of 42 ft. Scientists in Hawaii are determining whether this is a sign of an approaching tsunami. Based on the relationship of wavelength to wave-height, the approaching wave is estimated to be _______ ft and an alarm is ______.

A 83, announced

B 6, called off

C 100, announced

D 700, announced

E 60, called off

Question #21

The major surface currents of the oceans rotate counterclockwise in the _____ hemisphere and clockwise in the ______ hemisphere.

A Northern, Southern

B Southern, Northern

C Southern, Southern

D Western, Eastern

E Northern, Northern

Question #22

Glucose is an example of a:

A Starch

B Hormone

C Protein

D Lipid

E Carbohydrate

Question #23

A ______ maintains a constant body temperature. An organisms that lacks thermoregulation and has a variable body temperature is a _______.

A homeotherm, poikilotherm

B endotherm, ectotherm

C poikilotherm, homeotherm

D osmoconformer, osmoregulator

E poikilotherm, osmoconformer

Question #24

The modern scientific method is based on the work of:

A Plato

B Herodotus

C Neptune

D Aristotle

E Posidious

Question #25

Gyres are:

A Limited to continental margins

B Large circular systems of surface currents

C Influenced by the Coriolis effect only in the Northern Hemisphere

D The driving force behind hurricanes and typhoons

E Found only in the Pacific Ocean

Question #26

All of the following are examples of asexual reproduction EXCEPT:

A Fertilization

B Fission

C Budding

D Fragmentation

E None of the above

Question #27

Which of the following ocean bottom-types is composed of a large number of shell pieces secreted by life forms?

A Biogenous

B Hydrogenous

C Diogenous

D Terrigenous

E None of the above

Question #28

After World War II, which of the following technological developments opened the doors to new reseach areas in marine science?

A Research vessels

B Sonar

C Nets

D Deep-water dredges

E Marine laboratories

Question #29

Phylogenetics is the study of _________.

A evolutionary time

B organisms’ evolutionary history

C organisms’ physiological ecology

D drivers of environmental change

Question #30

Which of the following is NOT one of the world’s major ocean basins:

A Indian

B Pacific

C Arctic

D Antarctic

Question #31

The rule of constant proportions states that within the ocean:

A Salinity varies with location

B Salinity varies with season

C Chlorine varies with location

D Ion concentrations don’t change

E Sodium varies with depth

Question #32

Which of the following organic molecules store energy, provide insulation, make up cell membranes, and assist in buoyancy?

A Lipids

B Amino Acids

C Proteins

D Nucleic Acids

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