Exam 1

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Question #1

A _____ uses metabolic energy to heat its body. A _____ loses metabolic heat and must maintain body temperatures using alternative means.

A pokilotherm, homeotherm

B endotherm, ectotherm

C endotherm, pokilotherm

D ectotherm, endotherm

E homeotherm, endotherm

Question #2

The process in which the continental land masses have moved their positions on Earth’s surface due to plate tectonics is known as __________.

A contiental rise

B continental uplift

C continental drift

D geoforming

E geotaxis

Question #3

The nutrients __________, __________, and __________ are often scarce in the water column because they are used up quickly by autotrophs during photosynthesis.

A Nitrate, Phosphorous, Iron

B Phosphorous, Carbon, Oxygen

C Iron, Zinc, Nitrate

D Sulfur, Oxygen, Carbon

Question #4

Seawater turbidity and dissolved materials influence light penetration. In temperate waters, ___________ wavelengths (color) of light penetrate the furthest into seawater, whereas in tropical waters ___________ light travels the deepest.

A blue, blue

B green, blue

C red, green

D blue, green

Question #5

The metabolic wastes excreted by herbivores, as well as other dissolved organic particles are known as _____________ and are an energy source for deep sea organisms.

A marine debris

B nitrogenous waste

C marine snow

D dissolved organic carbon

Question #6

When oceanic plates collide with continental plates, which plate is subducted?

A both

B continental plate

C it depends

D oceanic plate

Question #7

The largest continuous geological feature on earth is the _____.

A Pacific Ocean

B Mariana Trench

C Puerto Rico Trench

D Rocky Mountains

E Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Question #8

The founder of modern oceanography and marine biology is often credited as British naturalist Charles Darwin.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #9

In organisms known as ____________, the salt content of their cellular tissues is identical to that of the surrounding seawater; on the other hand, _________ are able to control the salt content of their internal body fluids.

A ectotherms, homeotherms

B homeotherms, ectotherms

C ionoconformer, ionoregulator

D osmoconformer, osmoregulator

E osmolytes, ectolytes

Question #10

Two ions, ____________ and ____________, comprise about 85% of the solutes in seawater. (Choose two).

A iron

B silicon

C sodium

D magnesium

E chloride

Question #11

Seasonality in temperate and polar waters produces a shallow _______ in the surface layer, however, in the tropics this phenomena is absent.

A wind-driven upwelling zone

B regional nutrient enrichment

C gyre

D seasonal thermocline

Question #12

Earth goes through periods of glaciation and alternating interglacial periods. Earth is currently in a _________ period, that began at the end of the __________ ~11,700 years ago.

A glaciation, Miocene

B interglacial, Paleocene

C interglacial, Holocene

D glaciation, Silurian

E interglacial, Pleistocene

Question #13

The blood of marine fish is less salty relative to seawater and they _____ salt along their gills; freshwater fish blood is more salty than freshwater and they ____ salt at the gills.

A gain, lose

B lose, gain

C gain, concentrate

D concentrate, gain

Question #14

Who were the first marine scientists to travel around the Pacific Ocean using natural phenomena as their navigational tools?

A Pacific Islanders

B Ferdinand Magellan

C Vikings

D Captain Cook

Question #15

Which of the following are considered to be branches of marine science?

A Physics

B Chemistry

C All of these

D Zoology

E Anthropology

Question #16

The east coast of the United States is a passive margin characterized by:

A Steep and rocky shorelines

B Gentle continental slope

C Short continental shelf

D Offshore trench

E Mountains along the coast

Question #17

Trenches are formed where:

A A plate is lifted by another

B A plate sinks beneath another

C A plate splits and opens up

D A plate moves above another

E Sea floor spreading takes place

Question #18

There is scientific evidence that the earth and the rest of the solar system formed approximately:

A 5 million years ago

B 1 billion years ago

C 10 million years ago

D 4.6 billion years ago

E 10.5 billion years ago

Question #19

The world’s largest and deepest ocean:

A Indian Ocean

B Antarctic Ocean

C Pacific Ocean

D Arctic Ocean

E Atlantic Ocean

Question #20

An earthquake occurred off the island of Java. Afterwards an ocean buoy detects a wavelength of 42 ft. Scientists in Hawaii are determining whether this is a sign of an approaching tsunami. Based on the relationship of wavelength to wave-height, the approaching wave is estimated to be _______ ft and an alarm is ______.

A 60, called off

B 100, announced

C 6, called off

D 700, announced

E 83, announced

Question #21

The major surface currents of the oceans rotate counterclockwise in the _____ hemisphere and clockwise in the ______ hemisphere.

A Northern, Northern

B Western, Eastern

C Southern, Northern

D Southern, Southern

E Northern, Southern

Question #22

Glucose is an example of a:

A Hormone

B Lipid

C Carbohydrate

D Protein

E Starch

Question #23

A ______ maintains a constant body temperature. An organisms that lacks thermoregulation and has a variable body temperature is a _______.

A osmoconformer, osmoregulator

B poikilotherm, homeotherm

C endotherm, ectotherm

D poikilotherm, osmoconformer

E homeotherm, poikilotherm

Question #24

The modern scientific method is based on the work of:

A Herodotus

B Aristotle

C Posidious

D Plato

E Neptune

Question #25

Gyres are:

A Influenced by the Coriolis effect only in the Northern Hemisphere

B The driving force behind hurricanes and typhoons

C Large circular systems of surface currents

D Found only in the Pacific Ocean

E Limited to continental margins

Question #26

All of the following are examples of asexual reproduction EXCEPT:

A Fertilization

B Fission

C Fragmentation

D Budding

E None of the above

Question #27

Which of the following ocean bottom-types is composed of a large number of shell pieces secreted by life forms?

A Diogenous

B Hydrogenous

C Biogenous

D Terrigenous

E None of the above

Question #28

After World War II, which of the following technological developments opened the doors to new reseach areas in marine science?

A Nets

B Marine laboratories

C Research vessels

D Sonar

E Deep-water dredges

Question #29

Phylogenetics is the study of _________.

A evolutionary time

B drivers of environmental change

C organisms’ physiological ecology

D organisms’ evolutionary history

Question #30

Which of the following is NOT one of the world’s major ocean basins:

A Arctic

B Antarctic

C Indian

D Pacific

Question #31

The rule of constant proportions states that within the ocean:

A Salinity varies with location

B Chlorine varies with location

C Ion concentrations don’t change

D Sodium varies with depth

E Salinity varies with season

Question #32

Which of the following organic molecules store energy, provide insulation, make up cell membranes, and assist in buoyancy?

A Lipids

B Proteins

C Amino Acids

D Nucleic Acids

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