Exam 1

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Question #1

A _____ uses metabolic energy to heat its body. A _____ loses metabolic heat and must maintain body temperatures using alternative means.

A endotherm, ectotherm

B ectotherm, endotherm

C endotherm, pokilotherm

D homeotherm, endotherm

E pokilotherm, homeotherm

Question #2

The process in which the continental land masses have moved their positions on Earth’s surface due to plate tectonics is known as __________.

A geotaxis

B continental uplift

C geoforming

D contiental rise

E continental drift

Question #3

The nutrients __________, __________, and __________ are often scarce in the water column because they are used up quickly by autotrophs during photosynthesis.

A Iron, Zinc, Nitrate

B Nitrate, Phosphorous, Iron

C Sulfur, Oxygen, Carbon

D Phosphorous, Carbon, Oxygen

Question #4

Seawater turbidity and dissolved materials influence light penetration. In temperate waters, ___________ wavelengths (color) of light penetrate the furthest into seawater, whereas in tropical waters ___________ light travels the deepest.

A red, green

B blue, green

C blue, blue

D green, blue

Question #5

The metabolic wastes excreted by herbivores, as well as other dissolved organic particles are known as _____________ and are an energy source for deep sea organisms.

A dissolved organic carbon

B marine debris

C marine snow

D nitrogenous waste

Question #6

When oceanic plates collide with continental plates, which plate is subducted?

A both

B oceanic plate

C continental plate

D it depends

Question #7

The largest continuous geological feature on earth is the _____.

A Puerto Rico Trench

B Pacific Ocean

C Rocky Mountains

D Mid-Atlantic Ridge

E Mariana Trench

Question #8

The founder of modern oceanography and marine biology is often credited as British naturalist Charles Darwin.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #9

In organisms known as ____________, the salt content of their cellular tissues is identical to that of the surrounding seawater; on the other hand, _________ are able to control the salt content of their internal body fluids.

A ectotherms, homeotherms

B ionoconformer, ionoregulator

C osmolytes, ectolytes

D osmoconformer, osmoregulator

E homeotherms, ectotherms

Question #10

Two ions, ____________ and ____________, comprise about 85% of the solutes in seawater. (Choose two).

A silicon

B chloride

C iron

D sodium

E magnesium

Question #11

Seasonality in temperate and polar waters produces a shallow _______ in the surface layer, however, in the tropics this phenomena is absent.

A regional nutrient enrichment

B gyre

C seasonal thermocline

D wind-driven upwelling zone

Question #12

Earth goes through periods of glaciation and alternating interglacial periods. Earth is currently in a _________ period, that began at the end of the __________ ~11,700 years ago.

A interglacial, Pleistocene

B interglacial, Holocene

C interglacial, Paleocene

D glaciation, Silurian

E glaciation, Miocene

Question #13

The blood of marine fish is less salty relative to seawater and they _____ salt along their gills; freshwater fish blood is more salty than freshwater and they ____ salt at the gills.

A gain, concentrate

B concentrate, gain

C lose, gain

D gain, lose

Question #14

Who were the first marine scientists to travel around the Pacific Ocean using natural phenomena as their navigational tools?

A Captain Cook

B Ferdinand Magellan

C Vikings

D Pacific Islanders

Question #15

Which of the following are considered to be branches of marine science?

A Physics

B All of these

C Chemistry

D Anthropology

E Zoology

Question #16

The east coast of the United States is a passive margin characterized by:

A Mountains along the coast

B Short continental shelf

C Steep and rocky shorelines

D Gentle continental slope

E Offshore trench

Question #17

Trenches are formed where:

A A plate is lifted by another

B A plate sinks beneath another

C Sea floor spreading takes place

D A plate splits and opens up

E A plate moves above another

Question #18

There is scientific evidence that the earth and the rest of the solar system formed approximately:

A 4.6 billion years ago

B 5 million years ago

C 10.5 billion years ago

D 10 million years ago

E 1 billion years ago

Question #19

The world’s largest and deepest ocean:

A Antarctic Ocean

B Indian Ocean

C Pacific Ocean

D Atlantic Ocean

E Arctic Ocean

Question #20

An earthquake occurred off the island of Java. Afterwards an ocean buoy detects a wavelength of 42 ft. Scientists in Hawaii are determining whether this is a sign of an approaching tsunami. Based on the relationship of wavelength to wave-height, the approaching wave is estimated to be _______ ft and an alarm is ______.

A 60, called off

B 6, called off

C 700, announced

D 100, announced

E 83, announced

Question #21

The major surface currents of the oceans rotate counterclockwise in the _____ hemisphere and clockwise in the ______ hemisphere.

A Western, Eastern

B Northern, Southern

C Southern, Southern

D Northern, Northern

E Southern, Northern

Question #22

Glucose is an example of a:

A Starch

B Carbohydrate

C Lipid

D Hormone

E Protein

Question #23

A ______ maintains a constant body temperature. An organisms that lacks thermoregulation and has a variable body temperature is a _______.

A osmoconformer, osmoregulator

B poikilotherm, homeotherm

C homeotherm, poikilotherm

D poikilotherm, osmoconformer

E endotherm, ectotherm

Question #24

The modern scientific method is based on the work of:

A Neptune

B Herodotus

C Plato

D Posidious

E Aristotle

Question #25

Gyres are:

A Limited to continental margins

B Found only in the Pacific Ocean

C Influenced by the Coriolis effect only in the Northern Hemisphere

D Large circular systems of surface currents

E The driving force behind hurricanes and typhoons

Question #26

All of the following are examples of asexual reproduction EXCEPT:

A Fragmentation

B Budding

C Fertilization

D Fission

E None of the above

Question #27

Which of the following ocean bottom-types is composed of a large number of shell pieces secreted by life forms?

A Diogenous

B Terrigenous

C Hydrogenous

D Biogenous

E None of the above

Question #28

After World War II, which of the following technological developments opened the doors to new reseach areas in marine science?

A Nets

B Sonar

C Marine laboratories

D Research vessels

E Deep-water dredges

Question #29

Phylogenetics is the study of _________.

A organisms’ physiological ecology

B drivers of environmental change

C evolutionary time

D organisms’ evolutionary history

Question #30

Which of the following is NOT one of the world’s major ocean basins:

A Indian

B Pacific

C Antarctic

D Arctic

Question #31

The rule of constant proportions states that within the ocean:

A Sodium varies with depth

B Ion concentrations don’t change

C Salinity varies with season

D Chlorine varies with location

E Salinity varies with location

Question #32

Which of the following organic molecules store energy, provide insulation, make up cell membranes, and assist in buoyancy?

A Amino Acids

B Nucleic Acids

C Proteins

D Lipids

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