Exam 1

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Question #1

A _____ uses metabolic energy to heat its body. A _____ loses metabolic heat and must maintain body temperatures using alternative means.

A ectotherm, endotherm

B homeotherm, endotherm

C endotherm, pokilotherm

D endotherm, ectotherm

E pokilotherm, homeotherm

Question #2

The process in which the continental land masses have moved their positions on Earth’s surface due to plate tectonics is known as __________.

A continental drift

B geotaxis

C geoforming

D contiental rise

E continental uplift

Question #3

The nutrients __________, __________, and __________ are often scarce in the water column because they are used up quickly by autotrophs during photosynthesis.

A Phosphorous, Carbon, Oxygen

B Nitrate, Phosphorous, Iron

C Sulfur, Oxygen, Carbon

D Iron, Zinc, Nitrate

Question #4

Seawater turbidity and dissolved materials influence light penetration. In temperate waters, ___________ wavelengths (color) of light penetrate the furthest into seawater, whereas in tropical waters ___________ light travels the deepest.

A red, green

B green, blue

C blue, blue

D blue, green

Question #5

The metabolic wastes excreted by herbivores, as well as other dissolved organic particles are known as _____________ and are an energy source for deep sea organisms.

A marine snow

B dissolved organic carbon

C nitrogenous waste

D marine debris

Question #6

When oceanic plates collide with continental plates, which plate is subducted?

A continental plate

B it depends

C both

D oceanic plate

Question #7

The largest continuous geological feature on earth is the _____.

A Pacific Ocean

B Puerto Rico Trench

C Mariana Trench

D Rocky Mountains

E Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Question #8

The founder of modern oceanography and marine biology is often credited as British naturalist Charles Darwin.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #9

In organisms known as ____________, the salt content of their cellular tissues is identical to that of the surrounding seawater; on the other hand, _________ are able to control the salt content of their internal body fluids.

A ectotherms, homeotherms

B ionoconformer, ionoregulator

C homeotherms, ectotherms

D osmolytes, ectolytes

E osmoconformer, osmoregulator

Question #10

Two ions, ____________ and ____________, comprise about 85% of the solutes in seawater. (Choose two).

A iron

B sodium

C silicon

D magnesium

E chloride

Question #11

Seasonality in temperate and polar waters produces a shallow _______ in the surface layer, however, in the tropics this phenomena is absent.

A seasonal thermocline

B regional nutrient enrichment

C wind-driven upwelling zone

D gyre

Question #12

Earth goes through periods of glaciation and alternating interglacial periods. Earth is currently in a _________ period, that began at the end of the __________ ~11,700 years ago.

A interglacial, Holocene

B glaciation, Silurian

C glaciation, Miocene

D interglacial, Paleocene

E interglacial, Pleistocene

Question #13

The blood of marine fish is less salty relative to seawater and they _____ salt along their gills; freshwater fish blood is more salty than freshwater and they ____ salt at the gills.

A gain, concentrate

B concentrate, gain

C gain, lose

D lose, gain

Question #14

Who were the first marine scientists to travel around the Pacific Ocean using natural phenomena as their navigational tools?

A Ferdinand Magellan

B Vikings

C Pacific Islanders

D Captain Cook

Question #15

Which of the following are considered to be branches of marine science?

A Chemistry

B Zoology

C Anthropology

D All of these

E Physics

Question #16

The east coast of the United States is a passive margin characterized by:

A Short continental shelf

B Gentle continental slope

C Offshore trench

D Mountains along the coast

E Steep and rocky shorelines

Question #17

Trenches are formed where:

A A plate is lifted by another

B Sea floor spreading takes place

C A plate sinks beneath another

D A plate moves above another

E A plate splits and opens up

Question #18

There is scientific evidence that the earth and the rest of the solar system formed approximately:

A 4.6 billion years ago

B 10 million years ago

C 5 million years ago

D 10.5 billion years ago

E 1 billion years ago

Question #19

The world’s largest and deepest ocean:

A Atlantic Ocean

B Arctic Ocean

C Antarctic Ocean

D Indian Ocean

E Pacific Ocean

Question #20

An earthquake occurred off the island of Java. Afterwards an ocean buoy detects a wavelength of 42 ft. Scientists in Hawaii are determining whether this is a sign of an approaching tsunami. Based on the relationship of wavelength to wave-height, the approaching wave is estimated to be _______ ft and an alarm is ______.

A 700, announced

B 100, announced

C 6, called off

D 60, called off

E 83, announced

Question #21

The major surface currents of the oceans rotate counterclockwise in the _____ hemisphere and clockwise in the ______ hemisphere.

A Northern, Southern

B Western, Eastern

C Southern, Southern

D Southern, Northern

E Northern, Northern

Question #22

Glucose is an example of a:

A Lipid

B Starch

C Protein

D Carbohydrate

E Hormone

Question #23

A ______ maintains a constant body temperature. An organisms that lacks thermoregulation and has a variable body temperature is a _______.

A osmoconformer, osmoregulator

B poikilotherm, homeotherm

C homeotherm, poikilotherm

D poikilotherm, osmoconformer

E endotherm, ectotherm

Question #24

The modern scientific method is based on the work of:

A Herodotus

B Posidious

C Aristotle

D Neptune

E Plato

Question #25

Gyres are:

A Limited to continental margins

B Found only in the Pacific Ocean

C The driving force behind hurricanes and typhoons

D Large circular systems of surface currents

E Influenced by the Coriolis effect only in the Northern Hemisphere

Question #26

All of the following are examples of asexual reproduction EXCEPT:

A Fission

B Budding

C Fertilization

D Fragmentation

E None of the above

Question #27

Which of the following ocean bottom-types is composed of a large number of shell pieces secreted by life forms?

A Terrigenous

B Biogenous

C Diogenous

D Hydrogenous

E None of the above

Question #28

After World War II, which of the following technological developments opened the doors to new reseach areas in marine science?

A Marine laboratories

B Nets

C Deep-water dredges

D Sonar

E Research vessels

Question #29

Phylogenetics is the study of _________.

A organisms’ physiological ecology

B organisms’ evolutionary history

C drivers of environmental change

D evolutionary time

Question #30

Which of the following is NOT one of the world’s major ocean basins:

A Pacific

B Antarctic

C Arctic

D Indian

Question #31

The rule of constant proportions states that within the ocean:

A Salinity varies with season

B Salinity varies with location

C Sodium varies with depth

D Chlorine varies with location

E Ion concentrations don’t change

Question #32

Which of the following organic molecules store energy, provide insulation, make up cell membranes, and assist in buoyancy?

A Amino Acids

B Nucleic Acids

C Lipids

D Proteins

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