Exam 3

A  salinity

B  temperature

C  waves

D  nutrients

E  light

F  predation

A  physiological acclimatization

B  genetic acclimatization

C  physiological adaptation

D  genetic adaptation

A  sexual partners

B  light

C  food

D  space

A  Protocene

B  Paleocene

C  Pleistocene

D  Pliocene

A  specialization

B  partitioning

C  sharing

D  generalization

A  lakes, hyposaline pools

B  ocean, brackish water

C  creeks, inland waterways

D  rivers, seawater

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  thin, builders

B  calcium carbonate, builders

C  porous, inhabitants

D  calcium-proteinaceous, producers

A  interspecific, intraspecific

B  intraspecific, interspecific

C  facilitative, agonistic

D  agonistic, true

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Middle

B  Lower

C  Upper

A  cyanobacteria, bleaching

B  fungal, mass spawning

C  dinoflagellate, bleaching

D  zooxanthellae, mortality

A  fjord

B  drowned fiver valleys

C  bar-build estuaries

D  coastal plain estuaries

A  Carrying capacity

B  An ecosystem’s limit

C  Maximum capacity

D  Steady state

A  clay, silt, mud

B  silt, clay, mud

C  mud, silt, clay

A  aerial respiration

B  use of the operculum

C  natal homing

D  evaporative cooling

E  none of these

A  tube snails

B  mussels

C  abalone

D  scallops

E  squids

A  silicate

B  chitin

C  calcium bicarbonate

D  calcium carbonate

E  strontium sulphate

A  salmon in estuaries

B  octopus in the lower intertidal

C  otters in kelp forests

D  turtles in the intertidal

E  barnacles in the intertidal

A  Salt wedge moving toward the surface

B  Differences in water temperature as one moves inland

C  High tides moving in

D  The Coriolis effect

E  Freshwater moving from rivers

A  the Caribbean

B  the Aleutian Islands

C  the Galapagos

D  the Hawaiian Islands

E  the Indo-Pacific

A  broadcast spawners

B  sexual reproducers

C  brooders

D  gamete spawners

A  secondary consumer

B  primary producer

C  quaternary consumer

D  tertiary consumer

E  primary consumer

A  The region where crabs are usually found and “splash” around during feeding activities

B  Regions of the lower tide zones where animals can retreat and remain wet at most times in the tidal cycle

C  The upper most area of the intertidal, not usually covered by the tides during most days, but that is “splashed” with sea water during high tides

D  Tide pools in the upper intertidal where birds commonly bathe (seen from a distance as a “splash” environment)

E  Intertidal zones where splashing of waves is magnified by the shape of the local rock formations

A  Help in the deposition of the skeleton

B  Provide the coral with protection from herbivores

C  Provide the coral with carbon dioxide

D  Provide the coral with protection from predators

E  Release mucus and other chemicals

A  Provide habitats to many species

B  Are among the most productive of all marine ecosystems

C  Directly or indirectly provide food to many species

D  All of the choices are true

E  Provide nesting or resting areas to many seabirds

A  Are scavengers

B  Have zooxanthellae

C  Always have a soft skeleton

D  Only live in temperate waters

E  Are non-reef builders

A  commensalistic

B  symbiotic

C  parasitic

D  episodic

E  mutualistic

A  light

B  shifting sand

C  tides

D  food

E  salinity

A  Fewer species

B  Increase in the number of mussels

C  Decrease in the number of seaweeds

D  More species overall

E  Less wave action

A  10%

B  5%

C  15%

D  2%

A  provide surface for epiphyte growth

B  float blades toward the surface

C  provide CO2 for photosynthesis

D  regulate gas exchange

A  atolls

B  fringing reefs

C  locks

D  keys

E  barrier reefs

A  Mostly biological factors

B  Mostly physical factors

C  Neither physical nor biological factors

D  Both biological and physical factors

A  Light

B  Salinity

C  Predation

D  Substrate

E  Temerature

A  Only tolerate small temperature changes

B  Need less oxygen to survive

C  Tolerate only a narrow range of salinities

D  Can survive broad changes in salinity

E  Are less common in estuaries than stenohaline species

A  typically found as a mounded structure on a continental shelf

B  a type of coral commonly found on oceanic spreading centers

C  a volcanic structure with abundant calcareous worms

D  typically found on a submerged volcano