Midterm

A  500

B  200

C  400

D  300

E  100

A  500

B  600

C  400

D  660

E  880

A  increasing returns to scale at low levels of production and decreasing returns to scale at high levels of production

B  fixed costs are decreasing at low levels of production but increasing at high levels of production

C  the average variable cost curve increases at low levels of production but decreases at high levels of production

D  decreasing returns to scale at low levels of production and specialization at high levels of production

E  fixed costs are increasing at low levels of production but decreasing at high levels of production

A  products A and B are substitutes, if the price falls for B the demand for A rises

B  products A and B are complements, if the price falls for B the demand for A falls

C  products A and B are complements, if the price falls for B the demand for A rises

D  products A and B are unrelated

E  products A and B are substitutes, if the price falls for B the demand for A falls

A  -0.5

B  0.5

C  0

D  1

E  None of these

A  Necessity

B  Luxury

C  An item that represents a large portion of consumers’ income

D  An item with many substitutes

E  An item that consumers can quickly and easily change their consumption of

A  Ed = 2.3, demand is elastic

B  Ed = 0.9, demand is elastic

C  Ed = 0.9, demand is inelastic

D  Ed = 0.4, demand is inelastic

E  b. Ed = 0.4, demand is elastic

A  increasing interest rates

B  cutting subsidies for the agriculture industry

C  increasing taxes

D  a public works project to rebuild a bridge

E  decreasing taxes

A  A subsidy to buyers

B  A tax on producers

C  None of these

D  All of these

E  A subsidy to producers

A  30,000 – which is less than the societally optimal amount since education is a negative externality

B  60,000 – which is less than the societally optimal amount since education is a positive externality

C  60,000 – which is more than the societally optimal amount since education is a positive externality

D  30,000 – which is more than the societally optimal amount since education is a positive externality

E  30,000 – which is less than the societally optimal amount since education is a positive externality

A  price decreases, quantity sold increases

B  quantity sold increases, price may increase or decrease

C  quantity sold decreases, price may increase or decrease

D  price decreases, quantity sold may increase or decrease

E  price increases, quantity sold may increase or decrease

A  price decreases, quantity sold increases

B  price increases, quantity sold decreases

C  price decreases, quantity sold decreases

D  price decreases, quantity sold may increase or decrease

E  price increases, quantity sold increases

A  the price of gas increases

B  None of these

C  the price of gas decreases

D  the price of bicycles increases

E  the price of bicycles decreases

A  $600 and 12m

B  $800 and 16m

C  $800 and 5m

D  $400 and 16m

E  $600 and 22m

A  The government provides Toyota a subsidy for each car produced.

B  Consumers realize the Prius is a slow and tacky vehicle.

C  The price of steel used in the production of Priuses increases.

D  The cost of gas increases.

E  The price of Toyota Priuses rises.

A  All of the choices

B  firms buy resources/labor from households and households sell resources/labor to firms.

C  households buy resources/labor from firms and firms sell resources/labor to households.

D  None of the choices

A  Neither are characteristic of a market economy.

B  Goods and services are sold in a competitive way.

C  Monetary incentives exist for entrepreneurs who bear risk.

D  Individuals, not the government, own the factors of production.

E  Government services are limited to basic protections such as enforcing laws and protecting the public.