Midterm

A  400

B  200

C  300

D  100

E  500

A  880

B  660

C  400

D  600

E  500

A  increasing returns to scale at low levels of production and decreasing returns to scale at high levels of production

B  fixed costs are decreasing at low levels of production but increasing at high levels of production

C  the average variable cost curve increases at low levels of production but decreases at high levels of production

D  fixed costs are increasing at low levels of production but decreasing at high levels of production

E  decreasing returns to scale at low levels of production and specialization at high levels of production

A  products A and B are unrelated

B  products A and B are substitutes, if the price falls for B the demand for A rises

C  products A and B are substitutes, if the price falls for B the demand for A falls

D  products A and B are complements, if the price falls for B the demand for A falls

E  products A and B are complements, if the price falls for B the demand for A rises

A  1

B  0.5

C  -0.5

D  0

E  None of these

A  An item that consumers can quickly and easily change their consumption of

B  Necessity

C  An item with many substitutes

D  Luxury

E  An item that represents a large portion of consumers’ income

A  Ed = 0.9, demand is inelastic

B  b. Ed = 0.4, demand is elastic

C  Ed = 0.4, demand is inelastic

D  Ed = 0.9, demand is elastic

E  Ed = 2.3, demand is elastic

A  increasing taxes

B  increasing interest rates

C  cutting subsidies for the agriculture industry

D  decreasing taxes

E  a public works project to rebuild a bridge

A  A tax on producers

B  None of these

C  A subsidy to buyers

D  All of these

E  A subsidy to producers

A  60,000 – which is less than the societally optimal amount since education is a positive externality

B  30,000 – which is more than the societally optimal amount since education is a positive externality

C  60,000 – which is more than the societally optimal amount since education is a positive externality

D  30,000 – which is less than the societally optimal amount since education is a positive externality

E  30,000 – which is less than the societally optimal amount since education is a negative externality

A  quantity sold decreases, price may increase or decrease

B  price increases, quantity sold may increase or decrease

C  quantity sold increases, price may increase or decrease

D  price decreases, quantity sold increases

E  price decreases, quantity sold may increase or decrease

A  price increases, quantity sold decreases

B  price decreases, quantity sold increases

C  price increases, quantity sold increases

D  price decreases, quantity sold may increase or decrease

E  price decreases, quantity sold decreases

A  the price of gas increases

B  the price of bicycles increases

C  None of these

D  the price of bicycles decreases

E  the price of gas decreases

A  $600 and 22m

B  $800 and 5m

C  $800 and 16m

D  $600 and 12m

E  $400 and 16m

A  The cost of gas increases.

B  The government provides Toyota a subsidy for each car produced.

C  The price of steel used in the production of Priuses increases.

D  Consumers realize the Prius is a slow and tacky vehicle.

E  The price of Toyota Priuses rises.

A  firms buy resources/labor from households and households sell resources/labor to firms.

B  households buy resources/labor from firms and firms sell resources/labor to households.

C  All of the choices

D  None of the choices

A  Monetary incentives exist for entrepreneurs who bear risk.

B  Neither are characteristic of a market economy.

C  Goods and services are sold in a competitive way.

D  Government services are limited to basic protections such as enforcing laws and protecting the public.

E  Individuals, not the government, own the factors of production.