Second Midterm

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Question #1

A main criterion for giftedness is a high general intelligence, which is shown by an IQ score of

A 100

B 90

C 70

D 130 or higher.

Question #2

Playing baseball would be an example of which type of play?

A dramatic play

B functional play

C constructive play

D formal games with rules

Question #3

Tina believes she can master her schoolwork and enjoys her learning. She demonstrates high

A self-efficacy.

B self-efficiency.

C self-effort.

D self-elaboration.

Question #4

Leslie is people smart. She is good at reading the feelings and emotions of others and can predict other people’s intentions. According to Howard Gardner, for which occupation is Leslie well suited?

A author

B critic

C tour guide

D social worker

Question #5

Terry often gets lost when walking around the neighborhood. Terry does not understand how to use a map and often confuses north with south. Terry is probably weak in which type of intelligence?

A kinesthetic

B logical

C spatial

D linguistic

Question #6

Linda loves the outdoors. She is interested in different types of plants and flowers and also likes digging for fossils and old artifacts. Linda is most likely strong in which type of intelligence?

A naturalist

B linguistic

C kinesthetic

D logical

Question #7

A school program for gifted children that deepens the learned knowledge and skills with extra classroom activities is called

A an enrichment program.

B an aptitude program.

C a brain learning program.

D an intellectual program.

Question #8

Mimi recognizes her brain has the capacity to allow her to memorize her multiplication tables. Mimi is demonstrating the use of

A cognitive distortion.

B math thinking.

C metamemory.

D meta multiplication.

Question #9

Andrew loves to line up all of his cars and trucks by size. Andrew has accomplished an understanding of the concept of

A inclusion.

B inference.

C conservation.

D seriation.

Question #10

Which of the following is not a feature of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?

A impulsive, disorganized behavior

B a short attention span

C restlessness

D the ability to pay close attention to many details

Question #11

Which type of child maltreatment is characterized by a failure to provide for the child’s basic needs?

A neglect

B physical abuse

C emotional abuse

D sexual abuse

Question #12

Which of the following types of child maltreatment occurs most often?

A sexual abuse

B neglect

C physical abuse

D emotional abuse

Question #13

Physical or verbal aggression that is openly directed at a target is called

A relational aggression.

B instrumental aggression.

C internal aggression.

D overt aggression.

Question #14

Mitchell does not wish to hurt his brother, John, but he pushes John to get the toy tractor John is playing with in their backyard. Mitchell is demonstrating what type of aggression?

A instrumental

B innovative

C independent

D initiative

Question #15

Without being told, Fran has noticed that her friend Katie needs her blue crayon and she shares it readily in an act of

A aptitude.

B altitude.

C attitude.

D altruism.

Question #16

A parenting style with an emphasis on control and unquestioning obedience is called

A permissive parenting.

B authoritarian parenting.

C authoritative parenting.

D permissive parenting.

Question #17

The pioneering research of which researcher was BEST known for studying various parenting styles in families?

A Diana Baumrind

B Jean Piaget

C Albert Bandura

D Sigmund Freud

Question #18

Ignoring, isolating, or showing dislike for a child is best called the

A withdrawal of compassion.

B withdrawal of attention.

C withdrawal of love.

D withdrawal of care.

Question #19

Children’s play environments are affected by what adults set up for them, the frequency of their play, and the form of their play, which are all related to what type of values?

A comparative

B cooperative

C cultural

D communicative

Question #20

Frank is having a great time repeatedly bouncing a ball down the sidewalk. Frank is taking part in which type of play?

A constructive

B functional

C pretend

D dramatic

Question #21

When a child is able to speak while intending the words to be understood by a listener, he or she is showing an aspect of

A private speech.

B social speech.

C pragmatic speech.

D literate speech.

Question #22

A gap between what a child is already able to do and what he or she is not quite ready to accomplish alone is called

A the zone of progressive development.

B the zone of proximal development.

C the zone of proximate development.

D the zone of processing development.

Question #23

Putting information into a mental folder for filing in our memory is called

A decoding.

B uncoding.

C recoding.

D encoding.

Question #24

Five-year-old Seth was just presented with a conservation-of-liquid task. After agreeing that both glasses have the same amount of liquid and then the liquid from one glass is poured into a taller glass, when asked if both glasses now contain the same amount of water, or if one contains more, Seth is likely to say,

A “the short glass has more”.

B “both glasses have the same”.

C “the third glass is full”.

D “the tall glass has more”.

Question #25

What is a morpheme?

A the combination of phrases that lead to discourse

B the smallest unit of sound a given language recognizes

C the smallest unit of sound with recognizable meaning

D the combination of consonants and vowels in speech

Question #26

Bradley is four years old. He performs a conservation task. Bradley has difficulty completing the task because he is in which Piagetian stage of cognitive development?

A concrete operations

B formal operations

C preoperational

D sensorimotor

Question #27

Paul attempted to draw shapes. One shape gave him a hard time, namely, a triangle. This shape has sharper corners and connections, which could require greater skills in which area?

A fine motor

B ambimotor

C gross motor

D locomotor

Question #28

You are opening a daycare center and want to help develop fine motor skills in children. Which of the following would be a good aide?

A balls to throw

B a jump rope

C thin pens and pencils

D a ball to bounce

Question #29

What is a phoneme?

A the combination of phrases that lead to discourse

B the combination of consonants and vowels in speech

C the smallest unit of sound a given language recognizes

D the smallest unit of sound with recognizable meaning

Question #30

Talking aloud to oneself with no intent to communicate with others is called

A literate speech

B pragmatic speech.

C social speech.

D private speech.

Question #31

Eric Erikson’s second crisis, which begins at eighteen months of age and ends at about three years of age, is called

A trust versus basic mistrust.

B autonomy versus shame and doubt.

C integrity versus despair.

D identity versus role confusion.

Question #32

If a baby feels comfortable as long as his or her mother is around, then he or she would be described by Ainsworth as being

A ambivalently attached.

B disorganizedly attached.

C avoidantly attached.

D securely attached.

Question #33

Attachment theory was developed by

A Bowlby and Ainsworth.

B Watson and Skinner.

C Kohlberg and Gilligan.

D Erikson and Piaget.

Question #34

What is the process by which infant and caregiver can communicate emotional states to each other and respond appropriately?

A Intergenerational transmission

B Mutual regulation

C Internalization

D Social referencing

Question #35

Babies with which type of attachment are flexible and resilient in the face of stress?

A ambivalent

B avoidant

C secure

D disorganized-disoriented

Question #36

The stage of developing trust begins in infancy and continues until about

A 3 years of age.

B 36 months of age.

C 2 years of age.

D 18 months of age.

Question #37

Erik Erikson argued that our first challenge as babies involves the issue of

A generativity.

B trust.

C identity.

D belonging.

Question #38

The classic, laboratory-based technique designed to assess attachment patterns between an infant and an adult is called

A The Ambivalence Situation.

B The Stranger Danger dynamic.

C The Strange Situation.

D The Secure Attachment methodology.

Question #39

What is a relatively stable individual difference suggested by research, perhaps because it is largely inborn and strongly influenced by genetics?

A tolerance

B temperance

C tenacity

D temperament

Question #40

Goodness of fit describes the match between a person’s temperament and his or her

A emotion.

B behavior.

C environment.

D personality.

Question #41

The goals of psychometric testing are to measure the factors that make up intelligence and the results of that measurement,

A quota numbers.

B questioningly.

C quantitatively.

D qualitatively.

Question #42

The study of the basic mechanics of learning and how behavior changes in response to experience is of interest to developmental psychologists who take which theoretical approach to human development?

A behavioral

B psychometric

C cognitive

D social-contextual

Question #43

According to Noam Chomsky’s theory, what do children have that enables them to infer linguistic rules from the language they hear?

A a syntax detector

B a language acquisition device

C a sensory register

D a cultural adaptation model

Question #44

Baby Kevin is presented with a bright red rattle. After several seconds of looking at the rattle, he loses interest. Kevin is then presented with a bright green rattle and his attention returns to a high level. What term describes Kevin’s loss of interest in the red rattle?

A a familiarity preference

B a novelty preference

C dishabituation

D habituation

Question #45

What is the term used to describe the mutual interactions with adults that help shape children’s activities?

A led participation

B structured participation

C graded participation

D guided participation

Question #46

Infants learn about themselves and their world through their developing sensory and motor activity in which stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development?

A sensorimotor

B post-formal

C formal

D operational

Question #47

The sensorimotor stage of Piaget’s cognitive theory of development includes what age group?

A twelve to eighteen years old

B two to eight years old

C eight to twelve years old

D birth to two years old

Question #48

Which of the following is Piaget’s stage of cognitive development during infancy?

A preoperational

B concrete operational

C formal operational

D sensorimotor

Question #49

Learning based on association of behavior with its consequences is called

A operant conditioning.

B classical conditioning.

C cognition.

D information processing

Question #50

Learning based on associating a stimulus that does not ordinarily elicit a response with another stimulus that does elicit the response is called

A cognition.

B operant conditioning.

C information processing.

D classical conditioning.

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