Second Midterm

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Question #1

A main criterion for giftedness is a high general intelligence, which is shown by an IQ score of

A 70

B 90

C 130 or higher.

D 100

Question #2

Playing baseball would be an example of which type of play?

A dramatic play

B functional play

C constructive play

D formal games with rules

Question #3

Tina believes she can master her schoolwork and enjoys her learning. She demonstrates high

A self-elaboration.

B self-effort.

C self-efficiency.

D self-efficacy.

Question #4

Leslie is people smart. She is good at reading the feelings and emotions of others and can predict other people’s intentions. According to Howard Gardner, for which occupation is Leslie well suited?

A tour guide

B critic

C social worker

D author

Question #5

Terry often gets lost when walking around the neighborhood. Terry does not understand how to use a map and often confuses north with south. Terry is probably weak in which type of intelligence?

A linguistic

B kinesthetic

C spatial

D logical

Question #6

Linda loves the outdoors. She is interested in different types of plants and flowers and also likes digging for fossils and old artifacts. Linda is most likely strong in which type of intelligence?

A linguistic

B logical

C naturalist

D kinesthetic

Question #7

A school program for gifted children that deepens the learned knowledge and skills with extra classroom activities is called

A an enrichment program.

B an aptitude program.

C an intellectual program.

D a brain learning program.

Question #8

Mimi recognizes her brain has the capacity to allow her to memorize her multiplication tables. Mimi is demonstrating the use of

A meta multiplication.

B math thinking.

C metamemory.

D cognitive distortion.

Question #9

Andrew loves to line up all of his cars and trucks by size. Andrew has accomplished an understanding of the concept of

A inference.

B inclusion.

C conservation.

D seriation.

Question #10

Which of the following is not a feature of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?

A impulsive, disorganized behavior

B a short attention span

C restlessness

D the ability to pay close attention to many details

Question #11

Which type of child maltreatment is characterized by a failure to provide for the child’s basic needs?

A emotional abuse

B sexual abuse

C physical abuse

D neglect

Question #12

Which of the following types of child maltreatment occurs most often?

A emotional abuse

B physical abuse

C sexual abuse

D neglect

Question #13

Physical or verbal aggression that is openly directed at a target is called

A internal aggression.

B relational aggression.

C instrumental aggression.

D overt aggression.

Question #14

Mitchell does not wish to hurt his brother, John, but he pushes John to get the toy tractor John is playing with in their backyard. Mitchell is demonstrating what type of aggression?

A innovative

B instrumental

C initiative

D independent

Question #15

Without being told, Fran has noticed that her friend Katie needs her blue crayon and she shares it readily in an act of

A altitude.

B attitude.

C aptitude.

D altruism.

Question #16

A parenting style with an emphasis on control and unquestioning obedience is called

A authoritative parenting.

B permissive parenting.

C authoritarian parenting.

D permissive parenting.

Question #17

The pioneering research of which researcher was BEST known for studying various parenting styles in families?

A Jean Piaget

B Albert Bandura

C Diana Baumrind

D Sigmund Freud

Question #18

Ignoring, isolating, or showing dislike for a child is best called the

A withdrawal of attention.

B withdrawal of care.

C withdrawal of love.

D withdrawal of compassion.

Question #19

Children’s play environments are affected by what adults set up for them, the frequency of their play, and the form of their play, which are all related to what type of values?

A comparative

B communicative

C cooperative

D cultural

Question #20

Frank is having a great time repeatedly bouncing a ball down the sidewalk. Frank is taking part in which type of play?

A functional

B constructive

C pretend

D dramatic

Question #21

When a child is able to speak while intending the words to be understood by a listener, he or she is showing an aspect of

A private speech.

B social speech.

C pragmatic speech.

D literate speech.

Question #22

A gap between what a child is already able to do and what he or she is not quite ready to accomplish alone is called

A the zone of proximal development.

B the zone of proximate development.

C the zone of processing development.

D the zone of progressive development.

Question #23

Putting information into a mental folder for filing in our memory is called

A decoding.

B encoding.

C recoding.

D uncoding.

Question #24

Five-year-old Seth was just presented with a conservation-of-liquid task. After agreeing that both glasses have the same amount of liquid and then the liquid from one glass is poured into a taller glass, when asked if both glasses now contain the same amount of water, or if one contains more, Seth is likely to say,

A “the short glass has more”.

B “the tall glass has more”.

C “the third glass is full”.

D “both glasses have the same”.

Question #25

What is a morpheme?

A the combination of consonants and vowels in speech

B the combination of phrases that lead to discourse

C the smallest unit of sound a given language recognizes

D the smallest unit of sound with recognizable meaning

Question #26

Bradley is four years old. He performs a conservation task. Bradley has difficulty completing the task because he is in which Piagetian stage of cognitive development?

A formal operations

B preoperational

C sensorimotor

D concrete operations

Question #27

Paul attempted to draw shapes. One shape gave him a hard time, namely, a triangle. This shape has sharper corners and connections, which could require greater skills in which area?

A gross motor

B fine motor

C ambimotor

D locomotor

Question #28

You are opening a daycare center and want to help develop fine motor skills in children. Which of the following would be a good aide?

A thin pens and pencils

B a ball to bounce

C balls to throw

D a jump rope

Question #29

What is a phoneme?

A the smallest unit of sound a given language recognizes

B the combination of phrases that lead to discourse

C the combination of consonants and vowels in speech

D the smallest unit of sound with recognizable meaning

Question #30

Talking aloud to oneself with no intent to communicate with others is called

A private speech.

B pragmatic speech.

C literate speech

D social speech.

Question #31

Eric Erikson’s second crisis, which begins at eighteen months of age and ends at about three years of age, is called

A autonomy versus shame and doubt.

B identity versus role confusion.

C integrity versus despair.

D trust versus basic mistrust.

Question #32

If a baby feels comfortable as long as his or her mother is around, then he or she would be described by Ainsworth as being

A avoidantly attached.

B securely attached.

C disorganizedly attached.

D ambivalently attached.

Question #33

Attachment theory was developed by

A Erikson and Piaget.

B Watson and Skinner.

C Bowlby and Ainsworth.

D Kohlberg and Gilligan.

Question #34

What is the process by which infant and caregiver can communicate emotional states to each other and respond appropriately?

A Internalization

B Mutual regulation

C Intergenerational transmission

D Social referencing

Question #35

Babies with which type of attachment are flexible and resilient in the face of stress?

A avoidant

B disorganized-disoriented

C secure

D ambivalent

Question #36

The stage of developing trust begins in infancy and continues until about

A 3 years of age.

B 2 years of age.

C 18 months of age.

D 36 months of age.

Question #37

Erik Erikson argued that our first challenge as babies involves the issue of

A generativity.

B trust.

C belonging.

D identity.

Question #38

The classic, laboratory-based technique designed to assess attachment patterns between an infant and an adult is called

A The Secure Attachment methodology.

B The Ambivalence Situation.

C The Strange Situation.

D The Stranger Danger dynamic.

Question #39

What is a relatively stable individual difference suggested by research, perhaps because it is largely inborn and strongly influenced by genetics?

A temperament

B tolerance

C temperance

D tenacity

Question #40

Goodness of fit describes the match between a person’s temperament and his or her

A environment.

B personality.

C behavior.

D emotion.

Question #41

The goals of psychometric testing are to measure the factors that make up intelligence and the results of that measurement,

A qualitatively.

B questioningly.

C quantitatively.

D quota numbers.

Question #42

The study of the basic mechanics of learning and how behavior changes in response to experience is of interest to developmental psychologists who take which theoretical approach to human development?

A cognitive

B behavioral

C social-contextual

D psychometric

Question #43

According to Noam Chomsky’s theory, what do children have that enables them to infer linguistic rules from the language they hear?

A a cultural adaptation model

B a syntax detector

C a sensory register

D a language acquisition device

Question #44

Baby Kevin is presented with a bright red rattle. After several seconds of looking at the rattle, he loses interest. Kevin is then presented with a bright green rattle and his attention returns to a high level. What term describes Kevin’s loss of interest in the red rattle?

A dishabituation

B a familiarity preference

C a novelty preference

D habituation

Question #45

What is the term used to describe the mutual interactions with adults that help shape children’s activities?

A led participation

B guided participation

C structured participation

D graded participation

Question #46

Infants learn about themselves and their world through their developing sensory and motor activity in which stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development?

A operational

B formal

C sensorimotor

D post-formal

Question #47

The sensorimotor stage of Piaget’s cognitive theory of development includes what age group?

A birth to two years old

B twelve to eighteen years old

C two to eight years old

D eight to twelve years old

Question #48

Which of the following is Piaget’s stage of cognitive development during infancy?

A concrete operational

B formal operational

C sensorimotor

D preoperational

Question #49

Learning based on association of behavior with its consequences is called

A information processing

B cognition.

C operant conditioning.

D classical conditioning.

Question #50

Learning based on associating a stimulus that does not ordinarily elicit a response with another stimulus that does elicit the response is called

A information processing.

B classical conditioning.

C operant conditioning.

D cognition.

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