Exam 1

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Question #1

There has been no evidence of community health activities dating back over 1,000 years.

A True

B False

Question #2

The first professional preparation program for health educators began during which period of the twentieth century?

A Reform phase

B World War II

C The 1920s

D Period of social engineering

Question #3

The beginning of government’s major involvement in social issues, including health, was marked by:

A the establishment of Medicare in 1965.

B U.S. involvement in World War II.

C the Social Security Act of 1935.

D the Hill-Burton Act in 1946.

Question #4

Physical factors affecting community health include geography, community size, and industrial development.

A True

B False

Question #5

Government health agencies began being created as a response to epidemics and mounting health problems in the latter part of the eighteenth century.

A True

B False

Question #6

Dr. Edward Jenner successfully demonstrated the process of vaccination as a protection against smallpox in the twentieth century.

A True

B False

Question #7

When prioritizing prevention and control efforts, health officials use data from:

A leading causes of death.

B All of these are correct.

C economic cost to society.

D years of potential life lost.

Question #8

The common cold is an example of a chronic communicable disease.

A True

B False

Question #9

The ability of a biological agent to enter and grow in the host is pathogenicity.

A False

B True

Question #10

Self-diagnosis and treatment with nonprescription medication for the common cold is an example of:

A secondary prevention of communicable diseases.

B primary prevention of communicable diseases.

C secondary prevention of noncommunicable diseases.

D primary prevention of noncommunicable diseases.

Question #11

Osteoarthritis and diabetes are examples of:

A acute communicable diseases.

B chronic noncommunicable diseases.

C acute noncommunicable diseases.

D chronic communicable diseases.

Question #12

One’s race and age are examples of:

A metastasis.

B bloodborne pathogens.

C modifiable risk factors.

D unmodifiable risk factors.

Question #13

In the communicable disease model, the cause of a disease or health problem is the host.

A True

B False

Question #14

In the chain of infection, a disease-producing agent leaves its reservoir through a portal of entry.

A True

B False

Question #15

Health screenings are important measures in:

A secondary prevention.

B tertiary prevention.

C primary prevention.

Question #16

Drugs, pesticides, and food additives are examples of chemical agents.

A True

B False

Question #17

Diseases of the heart and blood vessels are a leading cause of death in the United States.

A False

B True

Question #18

Diseases for which the reservoir resides in animal populations are called anthroponoses.

A True

B False

Question #19

Appendicitis and poisoning are examples of:

A chronic noncommunicable diseases.

B acute communicable diseases.

C noncommunicable diseases.

D chronic communicable diseases.

Question #20

When using criteria of causation, the criterion that addresses the issue of whether the association has been reported in a variety of people, has been exposed in a variety of settings, and can have repeatable results by other researchers is:

A temporality.

B strength.

C consistency.

D specificity.

Question #21

The rate of an illness in a population is the natality rate.

A True

B False

Question #22

The number of years of healthy life expected, on average, in a given population is the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

A False

B True

Question #23

The number of events that occur in a given population in a given period of time is a:

A pandemic.

B case.

C notifiable disease.

D rate.

Question #24

The average number of years a person from a specific cohort is projected to live from a given point in time is his or her life expectancy.

A False

B True

Question #25

Studies that seek to describe the extent of disease in regard to person, time, and place are:

A observational studies.

B descriptive studies.

C analytic studies.

D case/control studies.

Question #26

Sometimes notifiable diseases are not reported to the local health department because patients recover without a diagnosis being confirmed.

A True

B False

Question #27

An epidemic curve depicting a distribution of cases traceable to multiple sources of exposure is a:

A case control study.

B descriptive study.

C propagated epidemic curve.

D point source epidemic curve.

Question #28

An attack rate is an incidence rate calculated for a particular population for a single disease outbreak and is expressed as a percentage.

A False

B True

Question #29

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is an institute under the National Institutes of Health (NIH).

A False

B True

Question #30

The contributions of religious groups to community health have been:

A relatively ineffective in the past 100 years.

B minimal.

C substantial.

D expensive.

Question #31

Raising money to fund their programs, providing education, providing service to those affected, and advocating are the basic objectives of:

A voluntary health agencies.

B philanthropic foundations.

C social, service, and religious organizations.

D professional health organizations.

Question #32

Nongovernmental health agencies are funded primarily by:

A private donations.

B fees for services.

C tax dollars.

D grants from the state health department.

Question #33

Which agency maintains records, analyzes disease trends, and publishes epidemiological reports on all types of diseases?

A Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)

B National Institutes of Health (NIH)

C Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

D Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)

Question #34

Voluntary health agencies were created in Europe.

A False

B True

Question #35

The power to arrest someone who refuses to undergo treatment for a communicable disease lies with a:

A member of the local board of health.

B community health nurse.

C scientist within the NIH.

D local health officer.

Question #36

The Department of Health and Human Services is the only entity under the federal government that plays a role in our nation’s health.

A False

B True

Question #37

The core functions of public health are utilized by state health agencies.

A False

B True

Question #38

Philanthropic foundations spend most of their efforts on fundraising.

A True

B False

Question #39

One of the World Health Organization’s most noteworthy achievements was helping to eradicate smallpox.

A True

B False

Question #40

Local health departments are responsible for restaurant inspections.

A False

B True

Question #41

Agencies that are funded primarily through tax dollars are referred to as:

A voluntary agencies.

B professional associations.

C governmental agencies.

D philanthropic foundations.

Question #42

Twenty-first century community health concerns include:

A All of these are correct.

B healthcare delivery.

C lifestyle diseases.

D environmental problems.

Question #43

The Shattuck report marked the beginning of the:

A health resource development period.

B eighteenth century.

C implementation of Healthy People 2030 efforts.

D modern era of public health.

Question #44

The leading causes of death in the United States today are communicable diseases.

A False

B True

Question #45

The goal of the Hill-Burton Act in 1946 was to enhance the quality of:

A health departments.

B Medicare.

C hospitals.

D the military.

Question #46

Individuals with lower socioeconomic status have poorer health status.

A True

B False

Question #47

Healthcare delivery is a twenty-first-century public health concern.

A True

B False

Question #48

Choosing to eat wisely, wearing a seat belt, and visiting the physician are examples of community/public health activities.

A True

B False

Question #49

Actions that society takes collectively to ensure that the conditions in which people can be healthy can occur is termed:

A public health.

B community health.

C population health.

D health.

Question #50

A community is a group of people who have common characteristics.

A True

B False

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