Exam 2

A  the planets move at a constant speeds at all points in their orbits.

B  uniform circular motion is adequate to describe the motion of all planets.

C  planets move in elliptical orbits around the sun.

D  the planets all move around the Earth in elliptical orbits.

A  high temperature and high density

B  high temperature and low density

C  low temperature and high density

D  low temperature and low density

A  prominences

B  solar wind

C  flares

D  spicules

E  supergranules

A  attract, positive

B  attract, negative

C  repel, negative

D  repel, positive

A  nuclear fusion

B  nuclear recombination

C  nuclear splitting

D  nuclear fission

A  core.

B  chromosphere.

C  corona.

D  photosphere.

A  heat and rotation

B  pressure and gravity

C  radiation and heat

D  core temperature and surface temperature

A  solar prominences.

B  the corona.

C  sunspots.

D  granules.

E  solar flares.

A  50

B  150

C  200

D  30

E  120

A  three weeks

B  one week

C  one day

D  two weeks

E  a month

A  active optics

B  adaptive optics

C  spherical aberration

D  photometry

E  chromatic aberration

A  Gamma-rays

B  X-rays

C  Infrared radiation

D  Ultraviolet light

A  a small diameter reflecting telescope.

B  a large diameter reflecting telescope.

C  a small diameter refracting telescope.

D  a large diameter refracting telescope.

A  Radio waves would have a shorter wavelength and higher energy than gamma rays.

B  Radio waves would have a lower energy and would travel slower than gamma rays.

C  Gamma rays would have a lower frequency and travel the same speed as radio waves.

D  Radio waves would have a longer wavelength and travel the same speed as gamma rays

E  Gamma rays would have a shorter wavelength and a lower energy than radio waves.

A  charge-coupled device.

B  photometer.

C  core collapse device.

D  spectrograph.

A  four or more

B  two

C  three

D  None of the above.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  ozone is transparent to infrared radiation and opaque to ultraviolet radiation.

B  carbon dioxide is transparent to infrared radiation and opaque to ultraviolet radiation.

C  the sun emits more infrared radiation than ultraviolet radiation.

D  ozone is transparent to visible light and opaque to infrared radiation.

E  carbon dioxide is transparent to visible light and opaque to infrared radiation.

A  only the crust is solid; the rest of Earth’s interior is liquid

B  it was liquid at some point in the past

C  it has both a liquid and solid core

D  it formed first from denser material and then afterward accreted lighter material

A  slow surface evolution

B  differentiation

C  cratering

D  fusion of hydrogen to helium

E  flooding

A  it was liquid at some point in the past

B  it has both a liquid and solid core

C  only the crust is solid; the rest of Earth’s interior is liquid

D  it formed first from denser material and then afterward accreted lighter material

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  celestial pole

B  zenith

C  equinox

D  meridian

A  These gases were more abundant in the outer regions of the accretion disk where the outer planets formed.

B  The outer planets grew massive quickly enough to gravitationally hold on to these gases before the solar wind dispersed the accretion disk.

C  The inner planets were too close to the Sun, and solar winds blew away their original gaseous atmospheres.

D  Frequent early collisions by comets with the inner planets caused most of their original atmospheres to dissipate.

A  Saturn

B  Neptune

C  Jupiter

D  Earth

E  Mars

A  Disks are common around young stars.

B  The sun is the least massive object in the solar system.

C  Planets are round.

D  Disks are rare around young stars.

A  Uranus

B  Earth

C  Mercury

D  Jupiter

E  Mars

A  Pluto

B  comets

C  Venus

D  asteroids

E  Saturn

A  radioactive dating of rocks retrieved from the Moon

B  measuring the number of craters per square meter on Mercury

C  measurement of the magnetic field variations on the sea floor

D  carbon dating of rocks from mountains on the Earth

A  samples of meteorites.

B  samples of lunar rocks.

C  samples of earth rocks.

D  none of the above

E  all of the above

A  Space debris was formed by the collision of objects after the planets formed.

B  Both Space debris is left over material from the early solar system that never formed into a planet and Space debris was formed by the collision of objects after the planets formed are correct

C  Space debris is left over material from the early solar system that never formed into a planet.

D  All of the above.

A  low average density

B  small diameters

C  orbits inside the asteroid belt

D  craters in old surfaces

E  very few satellites