Mastery EAQ Ch. 36

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Question #1

For which condition is goldenseal contraindicated?

A Nasal congestion, Genitourinary disease

B Respiratory tract infection, Nasal congestion

C Pregnancy, Chronic gastrointestinal disorder

D Genitourinary disease, Respiratory tract infection

Question #2

Which adverse drug effect is the nurse alert for assessing in an older adult patient taking diphenhydramine?

A Hypertension

B Insomnia

C Hay fever

D Urinary retention

Question #3

Which information would the nurse teach to a patient who is switching allergy medications from diphenhydramine to loratadine?

A Loratadine causes less gastrointestinal upset.

B Loratadine has increased bronchodilating effects.

C Loratadine has fewer sedative effects.

D Loratadine can potentially cause dysrhythmias.

Question #4

Which antihistamine would the nurse expect to be included in the treatment plan for a patient who is a taxi driver who is diagnosed with allergic rhinitis?

A Clemastine

B Diphenhydramine

C Promethazine

D Fexofenadine

Question #5

A patient will begin taking diphenhydramine to treat motion sickness. Which instruction would the nurse give the patient to prevent gastrointestinal (GI) upset?

A “Use a humidifier while sleeping.”

B “Sleep with your head in an elevated position.”

C “Take the medication with food.”

D “Increase fluid intake to up to 3000 mL.”

Question #6

The nurse makes a home visit to a middle-aged patient who has a history of asthma. The patient’s spouse purchased an over-the-counter antihistamine. However, the nurse instructs the spouse not to administer the drug to the patient. Which complication is the nurse trying to prevent?

A Collapse of lung alveoli

B Allergic reactions to the drug

C Decrease in respiratory rate

D Paradoxical reactions

Question #7

A patient who has allergic rhinitis comes to the clinic for a scheduled allergy test. After performing a health history, the nurse informs the patient that the allergy test will have to be rescheduled. Which statement explains the reason for this?

A The patient is being treated with antihistamine drugs.

B The patient is being treated with oral antibiotic drugs.

C The patient has severe symptoms of rhinitis.

D The patient is afraid of injections.

Question #8

Which instruction would the nurse include for a patient prescribed an antitussive medication?

A “This medication may cause drowsiness and dizziness.”

B “Headache and hypertension are common side effects.”

C “This medication may cause tremors and anxiety.”

D “Watch for diarrhea and abdominal cramping.”

Question #9

Which instruction would the nurse include for a patient who will be using an expectorant?

A “Increase your fiber and fluid intake to prevent constipation.”

B “Take the medication once a day only, at bedtime.”

C “Increase your fluid intake to decrease viscosity of secretions.”

D “Restrict your fluids to decrease mucus production.”

Question #10

If a patient is experiencing an allergic reaction to a medication, which change noted during this reaction would be inhibited by the administration of antihistamines?

A Vasoconstriction, Smooth muscle constriction, Diminished capillary permeability, Decreased production of secretions

B Vasoconstriction, Increased blood pressure, Diminished capillary permeability, Smooth muscle constriction

C Smooth muscle constriction, Increased blood pressure, Diminished capillary permeability, Decreased production of secretions

D Vasoconstriction, Increased blood pressure, Diminished capillary permeability, Decreased production of secretions

Question #11

The nurse is providing care for multiple patients who are prescribed nasal decongestants. For which group of patients would the nurse need to obtain a change of prescription?

A Patients with skin disease, Patients with genitourinary disease, Patients with hypertension

B Patients with narrow-angle glaucoma, Patients with skin disease, Patients with genitourinary disease

C Patients with hyperthyroidism, Patients with skin disease, Patients with genitourinary disease

D Patients with hypertension, Patients with hyperthyroidism, Patients with narrow-angle glaucoma

Question #12

Which information would the nurse provide to a patient taking over-the-counter guaifenesin who informs the nurse that the drug does not last very long?

A Switch to sustained-release form of drug.

B Contact health care provider for prescription.

C Use oxymetolazine nasal spray twice daily.

D Add an antihistamine once a day.

Question #13

After reviewing the health record of a patient with pneumonia who asks for a codeine-containing cough suppressant to alleviate the cough, which medical diagnosis would make the administration of codeine contraindicated? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
Past Medical History
o Hypertension
o Diabetes mellitus
o Seizure disorder
o Seasonal allergies
o Depression

A Seizure disorder

B Seasonal allergies

C Hypertension

D Depression

E Diabetes mellitus

Question #14

If a patient asks about using echinacea to treat cold symptoms, which cue in the patient’s health history would make the use of this drug contraindicated?

A Multiple sclerosis

B Emphysema

C Hypertension

D Enlarged prostate

Question #15

A patient who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery 2 months ago has an acute upper respiratory infection (URI) and is losing sleep because of a cough. Which instruction would the nurse give to manage the URI if the patient is using codeine as an antitussive?

A “Maintain hydration.”, “Take an expectorant.”, “Productively cough.”

B “Take an expectorant.”, “Take a decongestant.”, “Take an antihistamine.”

C “Take a decongestant.”, “Productively cough.”, “Take an antihistamine.”

D “Take a decongestant.”, “Take an antihistamine.”, “Maintain hydration.”

Question #16

An older adult with pneumonia is experiencing a cough that is disrupting rest and sleep. Which type of medication would the nurse expect to administer to this patient to promote sleep and rest?

A Codeine, Guaifenesin

B Fluticasone, Pseudoephedrine

C Fexofenadine, Fluticasone

D Fexofenadine, Pseudoephedrine

Question #17

A patient who presents with cough and difficulty breathing is prescribed decongestants and antitussives. Which assessment finding in the follow-up visit would the nurse immediately report to the health care provider?

A Increased expectoration of mucus, Respiratory rate of 30 breaths/min, Clear breath sounds on auscultation

B Temperature of 100.8° F, Change in color of the sputum, Respiratory rate of 30 breaths/min

C Temperature of 100.8° F, Increased expectoration of mucus, Clear breath sounds on auscultation

D Increased expectoration of mucus, Clear breath sounds on auscultation, Change in color of the sputum

Question #18

Which antitussive would be administered to a patient with peripheral arterial disease (PAD)?

A Dextromethorphan

B Diphenhydramine

C Benzonatate

D Codeine

Question #19

A patient is prescribed guaifenesin for treatment of productive cough. Which instruction would the nurse give to the patient for maximum therapeutic effect?

A “Increase your protein intake.”

B “Increase your fluid intake.”

C “Increase your carbohydrate intake.”

D “Increase your fiber intake.”

Question #20

The nurse is planning care for a patient receiving decongestants. Which parameter would the nurse assess prior to giving the dose of medication?

A Secretions, Oral cavity, Mental status

B Oral cavity, Mental status, Cough

C Breath sounds, Oral cavity, Mental status

D Cough, Secretions, Breath sounds

Question #21

Which medication would the nurse instruct a patient scheduled to undergo allergy testing to hold at least 4 days prior to the test?

A Guaifenesin

B Benzonatate

C Dextromethorphan

D Fexofenadine

Question #22

Which frequency would the nurse instruct a patient to take Robitussin with dextromethorphan 30 mg PO to suppress a cough due to influenza?

A Every 3 hours

B Every 2 hours

C Every hour

D Every 6 hours

Question #23

After reviewing the health records of four patients who present with cold symptoms, which patient would it be contraindicated to give oxymetolazine?

A 70-year-old patient with bilateral cataracts

B 50-year-old patient with hyperthyroidism

C 40-year-old patient with depression

D 60-year-old patient with rheumatoid arthritis

Question #24

Based on the medication administration record for a patient who reports using goldenseal to treat allergies, which action would the nurse perform due to a possible drug interaction?
Medication Administration Record
o Atenolol 25 mg PO daily
o Atorvastatin 10 mg PO every night
o Venlafaxine ER 75 mg PO daily
o Goldenseal 500 mg PO TID
o Finasteride 5 mg PO daily

A Auscultate breath sounds

B Assess oral cavity

C Obtain blood pressure

D Monitor urine output

Question #25

Which information would the nurse provide as to the adverse effects when teaching a patient about the use of diphenhydramine in the treatment of seasonal allergies?

A Change positions slowly, Causes nausea and vomiting

B Avoid driving after use, Use hard candy for dry mouth

C Change positions slowly, Can trigger urticaria

D Can trigger urticaria, Causes nausea and vomiting

Question #26

Which treatment is best to manage a cough associated with allergic rhinitis for the patient who takes several other medications?

A Loratadine

B Benzonatate

C Guaifenesin

D Dextromethorphan

Question #27

For which possible reason would an older adult who presents with a cough be instructed not to use diphenhydramine?

A Diphenhydramine causes seizures.

B Diphenhydramine causes lightheadedness.

C Diphenhydramine causes a “hangover” effect.

D Diphenhydramine causes constipation.

Question #28

Which type of drug would the nurse expect to be prescribed for a patient in the emergency department with urticaria after contact with shrubs?

A Antitussive

B Antihistamine

C Expectorant

D Decongestant

Question #29

The nurse observes that a patient who is taking phenylephrine and vitamin C tablets has developed rebound congestion. Which reason is the probable cause for the rebound congestion?

A Allergic reaction to vitamin C

B Phenylephrine tolerance

C Frequent use of phenylephrine

D Drug-drug interaction

Question #30

A patient complains that symptoms of allergic rhinitis are persistent even after taking fexofenadine. After checking the patient’s history, the nurse finds that the patient is taking phenytoin for the treatment of seizures. The nurse would interpret which reason as the cause for this?

A Drug-drug interaction

B Dystonic reaction

C Drug tolerance

D Paradoxical reaction

Question #31

During a patient assessment the nurse finds symptoms of dizziness, confusion, sedation, and hypotension. After reviewing the patient’s medical history, the nurse finds that the patient is taking diphenhydramine for treatment of nighttime insomnia. Which condition would the nurse interpret from the assessment?

A Paradoxical reaction

B Allergic reaction

C Dystonic reaction

D Rebound congestion

Question #32

Which instruction would the nurse give to a patient who is prescribed dextromethorphan for treatment of a cough?

A “Use a humidifier while sleeping.”

B “Increase your fluid intake to 3000 mL per day.”

C “Elevate your bed while sleeping.”

D “Restrict activities that require mental alertness.”

Question #33

A patient who reports nasal congestion is prescribed oxymetazoline, two sprays in each nostril for 3 days. The patient reports increased nasal congestion after 10 days. On assessment the nurse learns that the patient had increased the drug frequency to four sprays in each nostril for 5 days. Which statement describes what the nurse would interpret from this information?

A The patient has developed rebound congestion.

B The patient has experienced a side effect of the drug.

C The patient has developed an allergic reaction.

D The patient has developed paradoxical reaction.

Question #34

Which condition is an adverse effect of echinacea?

A Dizziness, Headache, Dermatitis

B Dermatitis, Emotional instability, Mucosal ulceration

C Headache, Mucosal ulceration, Emotional instability

D Mucosal ulceration, Dizziness, Emotional instability

Question #35

Which side effect of a histamine (H1) antagonist is used therapeutically for patients with allergic rhinitis?

A Drowsiness

B Constipation

C Dryness

D Palpitations

Question #36

Which response is appropriate when a patient complains of worsening nasal congestion despite the use of oxymetazoline nasal spray every 2 hours?

A “Overuse of nasal decongestants results in rebound congestion.”

B “Oxymetazoline should be administered every hour for severe congestion.”

C “Oxymetazoline is not an effective nasal decongestant.”

D “You are probably displaying an unexpected reaction to oxymetazoline.”

Question #37

Which instruction would the nurse provide a patient who reports feeling drowsy after beginning drug therapy with diphenhydramine?

A “Stop taking the drug immediately.”

B “This may worsen over time.”

C “Use caution when driving.”

D “Take a stimulant to combat fatigue.”

Question #38

Which information would the nurse give a patient who mentions being afraid to take antihistamines because they are a truck driver?

A “Take the medication only when you are not driving.”

B “You are correct; you should not take antihistamines.”

C “Take a lower dose than normal when you have to drive.”

D “You may be able to safely take a nonsedating antihistamine.”

Question #39

The primary health care provider prescribes oxymetazoline to a patient with sinusitis who complains of nasal congestion and difficulty breathing. Which possible adverse effect would the nurse teach to the patient?

A Gastrointestinal irritation

B Constipation

C Dry mouth

D Palpitations

Question #40

Which patients are candidates to receive antitussive cough medication?

A Patients with bronchitis with productive cough

B Patients with chronic paranasal sinusitis

C Patients who have undergone hernia surgery

D Patients with pharyngitis and rhinitis

Question #41

The nurse observes a mild cough in a patient after hernia repair. Which medication would the nurse expect the provider to prescribe for this patient?

A Decongestant

B Expectorant

C Antihistamine

D Antitussive

Question #42

Which drug interaction could occur when taking diphenhydramine and consuming alcohol?

A Allergic rhinitis

B Nighttime insomnia

C Motion sickness

D Central nervous system (CNS) depression

Question #43

Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching regarding beclomethasone dipropionate?

A “I will need to taper off the medication to prevent acute adrenal crisis.”

B “This medication will help prevent the inflammatory response of my allergies.”

C “I will need to monitor my blood sugar more closely because it may increase.”

D “I need to take this medication only when my symptoms get bad.”

Question #44

The use of fexofenadine is contraindicated in patients with which condition?

A Renal impairment

B Vitamin A deficiency

C Skin rashes

D Vitamin C deficiency

Question #45

Which drug will the primary health care provider prescribe for a patient who has nighttime insomnia and motion sickness?

A Diphenhydramine

B Loratadine

C Fexofenadine

D Cetirizine

Question #46

A patient is prescribed disulfiram for alcohol abuse. During the assessment, the nurse finds that the patient is also taking echinacea for wound healing. Which instruction would the nurse provide to the patient?

A “Increase carbohydrate intake.”

B “Increase the dose of disulfiram.”

C “Stop using echinacea.”

D “Take both drugs simultaneously.”

Question #47

Which antihistamine causes sedation as an adverse drug effect?

A Loratadine

B Diphenhydramine

C Fexofenadine

D Desloratadine

Question #48

A patient is prescribed diphenhydramine for the treatment of an allergic disorder. After reviewing the patient’s history, the nurse finds that the patient drinks alcohol. Why would the nurse instruct the patient to stop alcohol consumption?

A Alcohol increases diphenhydramine levels in the body.

B Alcohol increases central nervous system depression.

C Alcohol diminishes the action of diphenhydramine.

D The interaction of alcohol and diphenhydramine produces skin rashes.

Question #49

Which symptom of allergic rhinitis is treated with fluticasone?

A Nasal congestion

B Bronchospasm

C Fluid retention

D Increased blood pressure

Question #50

The health care provider indicates that the patient will be prescribed an expectorant. Which medication does the nurse anticipate the provider will prescribe?

A Dexchlorpheniramine maleate

B Brompheniramine maleate

C Chlorpheniramine maleate

D Guaifenesin

Question #51

Which clinical finding is seen in a patient with nasal congestion caused by allergic rhinitis?

A Inhibition of histamine production

B Increase in bodily secretions

C Release of inflammatory mediators

D Increase in capillary permeability

Question #52

Which medication can cause paradoxical reactions in children?

A Antihistamine

B Antitussive

C Antacid

D Decongestant

Question #53

The health care provider indicates that a patient will be prescribed an opioid antitussive. Which medication would the nurse anticipate the provider will order?

A Codeine

B Levocetirizine

C Benzonatate

D Promethazine with dextromethorphan

Question #54

Which first-generation histamine (H1) antagonist is less likely than diphenhydramine to induce sleep?

A Chlorpheniramine

B Hydroxyzine

C Promethazine

D Dimenhydrinate

Question #55

A patient with bronchitis asks about medications to suppress the dry cough that is keeping the patient awake at night. After reviewing the health record, which medication would be safe to administer to this patient?
Medication Administration Record
o Lisinopril 10 mg PO daily
o Selegiline 1.25 mg PO every morning
Past Medical History
o Hypertension
o Bipolar disorder
o Renal insufficiency

A Dextromethorphan

B Promethazine

C Benzonatate

D Codeine with hydrocodone

Question #56

Which information is important for the nurse to provide a patient prescribed an over-the-counter nasal spray with oxymetazoline to relieve nasal congestion due to a cold?

A Monitor blood pressure.

B Do not take the drug more than 3 days.

C Use two sprays four times a day.

D Medication cures the cold.

Question #57

Which information would the nurse provide to a patient taking over-the-counter guaifenesin who informs the nurse that the drug does not last very long?

A Contact health care provider for prescription.

B Switch to sustained-release form of drug.

C Add an antihistamine once a day.

D Use oxymetolazine nasal spray twice daily.

Question #58

Which side effect would the nurse watch for in a patient with motion sickness who has been prescribed diphenhydramine?

A Pruritus

B Dry mouth

C Lightheadedness

D Headache

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