American Government Exam Ch 8-10

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Question #1

What is a difference between a PAC and a super PAC?

A Contributions to PACs are unlimited, but restrictions have been placed on how much money can be contributed to super PACs.

B PACs can contribute directly to candidates, but super PACs cannot.

C Conservative interests favor PACs over super PACs.

D Super PACS are much more likely to support incumbent candidates than are PACs.

Question #2

Which of the following is true of spending in politics?

A The Supreme Court has restricted spending on politics.

B The Supreme Court has yet to address the issue of money in politics.

C The Supreme Court has opposed restrictions on spending on politics.

D The Supreme Court has ruled that corporations may spend unlimited amounts of money but unions may not.

Question #3

Which of the following is an aspect of iron triangles?

A a great deal of competition for access to decision-makers

B a symbiotic relationship among Congressional committees, executive agencies, and interest groups

C three interest groups that have formed a coalition

D fluid participation among interests

Question #4

What type of incentives appeal to someone’s concern about a cause?

A purposive incentives

B negative incentives

C solidary incentives

D material incentives

Question #5

How are collective goods different from private goods?

A Collective goods and private goods both offer particularized benefits.

B Collective goods and private goods both offer broadly distributed benefits.

C Collective goods offer particularized benefits, while private goods are broadly distributed.

D Collective goods offer broadly distributed benefits, while private goods offer particularized benefits.

Question #6

Someone who lobbies on behalf of a company that he or she works for as part of his or her job is ________.

A an in-house lobbyist

B a legislative liaison

C a volunteer lobbyist

D a contract lobbyist

Question #7

___ incentives are benefits to overcome collective action problems that appeal to people’s support of an issue or cause.

A Purposive

B Solitary

C Solidary

D Material

Question #8

____ are laws that require a cooling-off period before government officials can register to lobby after leaving office.

A Lobbyist ban laws

B Cooling off laws

C Revolving door laws

D Anti-corruption in lobbying laws

Question #9

The _____ problem is when some individuals can receive benefits without helping to bear the cost.

A lazy

B prodigal

C squatting

D free rider

Question #10

Examples of collective goods include all of the following except

A public education

B environmental protection

C automobiles

D highway safety

Question #11

The AARP has approximately ____ members and is considered a broadly focused interest group

A 60 million

B 38 million

C 22 million

D 3 million

Question #12

_____ are typically groups of institutions that join with others, often within the same trade or industry.

A In-house lobbies

B Associations

C Lobbies

D Liaisons

Question #13

Lobbying occurs

A only among Democrats

B only among Republicans

C only at the national level

D at both the state and national level

E only at the state level

Question #14

Rather than have a partisan state legislature redraw district lines in a state, some states, like Arizona, have sought to use independent commissions that would be responsible for drafting legislative districts. This would prevent state lawmakers of a party that has a majority in the state legislature from redrawing district lines (gerrymandering) in favor of their party. The Supreme Court

A upheld the authority of the independent commission

B has yet to decide the status/constitutionality of independent commissions for redistricting purposes

C struck down the authority of the independent commision

Question #15

All of the following are causes of polarization except

A gerrymandering, or the manipulation of legislatie districts in an attempt to favor a particular candidate

B increased bipartisanship among members in Congress

C sorting of the voting public, or a change in party allegiance in response to shifts in party position

D the impact of technology on the public square

Question #16

The ____ is a relatively new voice in the Republican Party that is more hostile to government and views government intervention in all forms as a threat to capitalism and democracy.

A Libertarian Party

B Conservative Party

C Tea Party

D new Anti-Federalist Party

Question #17

Bipartisanship was the norm among national politicians until the

A 1950s

B 2000s

C 1960s

D 1980s

Question #18

Regardless of ideological and party preferences, if you are a person who values efficiency in government operations and wants to avoid contentious politics, you would be in favor of

A unified government

B stalemate government

C split government

D divided government

Question #19

Barack Obama caught the attention of the Democratic establishment when

A he ran as John Kerry’s running mate in 2004

B he gave a speech on behalf of John Kerry when Kerry could not make a rally in 2004

C he gave the keynote address at the 2004 Democratic convention

D he ran against Hillary Clinton for a U.S. Senate seat in 2004

Question #20

The ____ election is considered a critical election, an election which represents a sudden, clear, and long-term shift in voter allegiances.

A 1936

B 1928

C 1940

D 1932

Question #21

The _____ Party dominated the presidency in the Fifth Party System.

A Whig

B Democratic

C Progressive

D Republican

E Libertarian

Question #22

Scholars pose various reasons why third/minor parties have not been successful in the U.S. These reasons include all of the following except

A relative prosperity and unity of citizens

B all-encompassing nature of the two major parties, making any third party ideologically unncessary

C the influence of local election laws

D the Electoral College and the winner-take-all allocation of electoral votes

Question #23

The first 24-hour news station with live coverage and interview programs was

A MSNBC

B CNN

C CNBC

D Fox News

Question #24

____ voting is based on the principle that the individual candidate with the most votes wins, whether or not he or she gains a majority (51% or greater) of the total votes cast.

A Plurality

B Majoritarian

C Proportional

Question #25

The ____ were white, southern Democrats who split from the Democratic Party in 1948 when Harry Truman, who favored civil rights, became the Democratic Party’s nominee for president.

A Dixiecrats

B Progressives

C Segregationist Party

D Ku Klux Klan Party

Question #26

The Populist Party supported all of the following except

A monopoly of the banking industry

B income tax

C popular election of U.S. senators

D regulation of railroads

Question #27

What was George Washington’s view of parties, as articulated in his farewell speech?

A He warned of the potential negative effects of parties

B He warned that the young nation would not survive without parties

C He suggested that Alexander Hamilton pick the nation’s first two parties

D He suggested that parties, if led by educated men, would not lead to divisive politics

Question #28

A _____ is adopted at each party’s presidential nominating convention every four years.

A party schema

B party list

C party plan

D party platform

Question #29

___ news is news that is presented in an entertaining style.

A Hard

B Soft

C Casual

D Medium

Question #30

The creation of a narrative, or context, for a news story is called

A agenda setting

B franking

C framing

D casting

Question #31

The Freedom of Information Act, a key sunshine law, initially sought to increase openness in the ____ branch.

A executive

B judicial

C legislative

Question #32

Laws that mandate/require federal and many state government proceedings and meeting documents be made available to the public are called ______ laws.

A open access

B sunshine

C inclusive

D transparent

Question #33

The first attempt by Congress to regulate broadcast materials was the

A Radio Act of 1901

B Radio Act of 1927

C Television Act of 1957

D Television Act of 1947

Question #34

The “Golden Age of Presidential Television” was between the

A 1950s and 2000s

B 1960s-1990s

C 1960s and 2000s

D 1950s and 1980s

Question #35

The first televised presidential debate was between

A Hubert Humphrey and Lyndon Johnson

B George McGovern and John Kennedy

C Richard Nixon and George McGovern

D John Kennedy and Richard Nixon

Question #36

FM (frequency modulation) broadcasting, with its wider signal bandwidth, provided clear sound with less static, became popular shortly after

A World War I

B World War II

C the Vietnam War

D the Great Depression

Question #37

It was President ____ who became famous for harnessing the political power of radio.

A Harry Truman

B Herbert Hoover

C Franklin Roosevelt

D Theodore Roosevelt

Question #38

When the media (publishers, producers) chooses which issues or topics deserve public discussion, this is called

A framing

B franking

C positing

D agenda setting

Question #39

In 1983, ___ companies owned 90% of U.S. media. By 2012, ___ conglomerates controlled the same percentage of U.S. media outlets.

A 50; 6

B 6; 50

C 20; 10

D 100; 20

Question #40

Baby boomers are more likely to get news and information from ____, while members of generation X and millennials are more likely to use ______.

A radio; television

B radio; newspapers

C social media; television

D newspapers; magazines

E television; social media

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American Government Exam Ch 8-10

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