American Government Exam Ch 4-5

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Question #1

How did NAWSA differ from the NWP?

A NAWSA attracted mostly middle-class women while NWP appealed to the working class.

B The NWP sought to deny African Americans the vote, but NAWSA wanted to enfranchise all women.

C The NWP favored more confrontational tactics like protests and picketing while NAWSA circulated petitions and lobbied politicians.

D NAWSA worked to win votes for women on a state-by-state basis while the NWP wanted an amendment added to the Constitution.

Question #2

The doctrine that people who do jobs that require the same level of skill, training, or education are thus entitled to equal pay is known as ________.

A the glass ceiling

B substantial compensation

C comparable worth

D affirmative action

Question #3

Which of the following best describes attitudes toward Asian immigrants in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?

A Asian immigrants were disliked by White people who feared competition for jobs, and several acts of Congress sought to restrict immigration and naturalization of Asians.

B White people feared Asian immigrants because Japanese and Chinese Americans were often disloyal to the U.S. government.

C Asian immigrants got along well with White people but not with Mexican Americans or African Americans.

D Asian immigrants were welcomed to the United States and swiftly became financially successful.

Question #4

AIM was ________.

A a group of Native American activists who occupied the settlement of Wounded Knee on the Pine Ridge Reservation

B an attempt to reduce the size of reservations

C a federal program that returned control of Native American education to tribal governments

D a federal program to give funds to Native American tribes to help their members open small businesses that would employ tribal members

Question #5

At the world’s first women’s rights convention in 1848, the most contentious issue proved to be _________.

A the right to education for women

B access to the professions for women

C greater property rights for women

D suffrage for women

Question #6

The 1965 Selma-to-Montgomery march was an important milestone in the civil rights movement because it ________.

A was the first major protest after the death of Martin Luther King, Jr.

B did not encounter any violent resistance

C vividly illustrated the continued resistance to Black civil rights in the Deep South

D led to the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Question #7

The Supreme Court decision ruling that “separate but equal” was constitutional and allowed racial segregation to take place was ________.

A Plessy v. Ferguson

B Brown v. Board of Education

C Shelley v. Kraemer

D Loving v. Virginia

Question #8

Which of the following types of discrimination would be subject to the rational basis test?

A A law that treats men differently from women

B An action by a state governor that treats Asian Americans differently from other citizens

C A law that treats White people differently from other citizens

D A law that treats 10-year-olds differently from 28-year-olds

Question #9

The Fourteenth Amendment was critically important for civil liberties because it ________.

A helped start the process of selective incorporation of the Bill of Rights

B dallowed the states to continue to enact Black codes

C guaranteed freed men the right to vote

D outlawed slavery

Question #10

The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution because ________.

A Alexander Hamilton believed it was necessary

B key states refused to ratify the Constitution unless it was added

C it was originally part of the Declaration of Independence

D it was part of the Articles of Confederation

Question #11

The 1927 case of ____ upheld the right of state governments to sterilize those people considered “feeble minded” by the standards of the time, without their will or consent.

A Lawrence v. Texas

B Bell v. Buckley

C Buck v. Houston

D Buck v. Bell

Question #12

The “Don’t ask, don’t tell” policy in the U.S. military ended in

A 2013

B 2011

C 2015

D 2000

Question #13

The _____ was one of the first groups to champion the rights of gay men.

A Log Cabin Republicans

B Mattachine Society

C Pride Organization

D Stonewall Society

E Liberty Group

Question #14

In 1944, the Supreme Court determined that the actions of the government under Executive Order 9066, which removed 110,000+ Japanese and Japanese Americans from their communities, were

A an unnecessary precaution even during war-time since certain rights and liberties should not be infringed upon

B a necessary precaution in a time of war.

Question #15

In 1994, California voters passed Proposition ___ that sought to deny non-emergency health services, food stamps, welfare, and Medicaid to undocumented immigrants.

A 187

B 86

C 94

D 184

Question #16

Mexican American farm workers in California organized ____ to demand higher pay form their employers.

A the United Farm Workers union

B the bracero program

C the Mattachine Society

D Los Angeles Labor Union

Question #17

The Trail of Tears is the name given to the forced removal of this tribe from Georgia to Oklahoma.

A Lakota

B Paiute

C Navajo

D Cherokee

Question #18

In ____ , the Supreme Court ruled that Indian tribes were not sovereign nations, but also that tribes were entitled to their ancestral lands and could not be forced to move from them.

A Worcester v. Georgia

B Cherokee Nation v. Georgia

C Cherokee Nation v. Mississippi

D Worcester v. Mississippi

Question #19

The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)

A did not receive the support of the required thirty-eight states and thus did not become an amendment

B was overturned by the Supreme Court in 1982

C was ratified by thirty-eight states and is still in effect today

D was upheld by Executive Order by President Ford

Question #20

African American grassroots organizations adopted strategies of nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience, or the refusal to obey an unjust law. These strategies had been effective in a campaign led by ______.

A Mahatma Gandhi

B Fidel Castro

C Matthew Perry

D Josef Stalin

Question #21

____ was a Supreme Court case that allowed segregation to continue. The Supreme Court unanimously overturned this decision in _______

A Plessy v. Ferguson; Lawrence v. Texas

B Plessy v. Ferguson; Brown v. Board of Education

C Brown v. Board of Education; Plessy v. Ferguson

D Brown v. Board of Education; Lawrence v. Texas

Question #22

Despite the 15th Amendment, African American men were kept from voting in certain states. In some states, poorer, less literate white voters feared being disenfranchised by the literacy and understanding tests. Some states thus introduced a loophole that allowed less literate whites to vote. This was called the _____ clause.

A descendant

B DuBois

C former slave

D ancestry

E grandfather

Question #23

Colleges that require students have a high school diploma or a particular score on the SAT or ACT or a GPA above a certain number are allowed to effectively “discriminate” against prospective students who do not meet these requirements. The courts apply _____ to find this type of discrimination constitutional.

A non-suspect scrutiny

B the rational basis test

C lax scrutiny

D common sense

E intermediate scrutiny

Question #24

The ____ clause of the ____ Amendment states in part that “No State shall…deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.”

A establishment; 15th

B equal protection; 14th

C establishment; 14th

D equal protection; 16th

E equal protection; 15th

Question #25

____ is the legal standard for determining whether a search or seizure is constitutional or a crime has been committed.

A Probable suspcision

B Probable cause

C Probable offense

D Probable activity

Question #26

The Supreme Court case that found some gun control laws in violation of the Second Amendment and that this amendment does protect an individual’s right to keep and bear arms, at least in some circumstances (“for traditionally lawful purposes, such as self-defense within the home”) was

A District of Columbia v. Gonzales

B District of Columbia v. Bush

C District of Columbia v. Heller

D District of Columbia v. Chan

Question #27

In Texas v. Johnson (1989), the Supreme Court ruled that flag burning

A was a form of symbolic speech that can sometimes be protected if the audience viewing the burning is not personally offended

B was a form of symbolic speech protected by the First Amendment

C was not protected as a form of symbolic speech since it involved the U.S. flag, which is considered sacred in the U.S.

Question #28

Since the 1960s, overall, the Supreme Court became more ____ on free expression rulings.

A patriotic

B neutral

C liberal

D conservative

Question #29

Censorship in the U.S. was at a high point during

A Operation Iraqi Freedom

B World War I

C Vietnam War

D World War II

Question #30

The ____ clause limits the ability of the government to control or restrict religious practices.

A establishment

B free exercise

C holy

D institutional

Question #31

The ____ clause prohibits Congress from creating or promoting a state-sponsored religion.

A religion

B establishment

C holy

D worship

E free exercise

Question #32

Which entity was responsible for the process of selective incorporation of the Bill of Rights into the practices of the states?

A Congress

B State Courts

C Supreme Court

D State Legislatures

E The Executive Branch

Question #33

The 14th Amendment’s ____ clause says “nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of the law.”

A liberties

B civil rights

C due process

D civil

E fairness

Question #34

The ____ Amendment ensures the right to not face excessive bail, excessive fines, or cruel and unusual punishment.

A 6th

B 5th

C 1st

D 8th

E 4th

Question #35

The _____ Acts allowed the president to imprison or deport foreign citizens he believed were “dangerous to the peace and safety of the United States” and to restrict speech and newspaper articles that were critical of the federal government or its officials.

A Slander and Libel

B Adams

C Libel

D Alien and Sedition

E Press

Question #36

The ____ Amendment affords rights in criminal cases, including due process and indictment by grand jury for capital crimes, as well as the right not to testify against oneself.

A 5th

B 6th

C 8th

D 4th

E 10th

Question #37

The ____ believed provisions such as the elastic clause in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution would allow Congress to legislate on matters well beyond the limited ones foreseen by the Founding Fathers.

A Republicans

B Democrats

C Anti-Federalists

D Federalists

E Libertarians

Question #38

The difference between civil rights and civil liberties is

A inconsequential, because the terms are used interchangeably in the United States

B that civil rights are guarantees that government officials will treat people equally, whereas civil liberties are limitations on government power intended to protect freedoms

C that civil rights involve speech, press, and religious freedom, whereas civil liberties involve voting

D that civil rights limit the power of government, whereas civil liberties expand the power of government

E that civil rights involve freedoms, whereas civil liberties involve voting

Question #39

___ set the precedent for the trial by military commission of any unlawful combatant against the U.S.

A Ex ante Quirin

B Ex post Mortem

C Ex post Facto

D Ex parte Quirin

Question #40

The Bill of Rights refers to the _____ amendments of the U.S. Constitution.

A first ten