Midterm

A  could not remember what Locke had actually said

B  was trying to gain the support of those who had little property to protect

C  liked the sound of “pursuit of happiness” better

D  was trying to avoid the suggestion the Declaration was arguing for the protection of slavery

E  wanted to reflect the views of the colonists

A  much higher

B  slightly behind but catching up gradually

C  roughly the same

D  much lower

E  slightly higher and holding steady

A  threatened the system of separation of powers

B  was a strictly ceremonial act with no significance

C  was a traditional action taken by presidents to signify their agreement with Congress

D  created agreements between presidents and the heads of foreign governments

E  helped to clarify for executive agencies how they are to implement laws

A  activism

B  gerrymandering

C  polarization

D  discipline

E  identification

A  a crime

B  a misdemeanor

C  a felony

D  an infraction

E  a tort

A  the provisions of the act are vague and make it easy to ignore

B  everyone agrees the Supreme Court would probably declare the law unconstitutional

C  Congress can never agree on a course of action when it comes to military decisions

D  Congress has no power under the War Powers Act

E  public opinion tends to rally around presidents when they deem military action necessary abroad, and Congress has declined to challenge such presidents

A  were commonly used by nineteenth-century presidents

B  allow the president to fulfill the office of president as the founders intended

C  have been used to expand the powers of the presidency beyond what is explicitly stated in the Constitution

D  were more often used in the nineteenth century by weak presidents

E  are unconstitutional according to the Supreme Court

A  Unimportant because churches don’t openly take positions on political issues

B  Important as the main source of a person’s sense of political efficacy

C  Unimportant because few political people are religious

D  Important because religion teaches moral values that are often applied to politics

A  It was claimed for the Supreme Court in the case of Marbury v. Madison.

B  It is not mentioned in the Constitution.

C  It was used only once before 1857.

D  It includes the powers to declare acts of government unconstitutional and to interpret the meaning of all federal and state laws.

E  The Supreme Court has used the power very infrequently against acts of Congress.

A  Socialism, in which economic decisions are made by the government

B  Pure capitalism, in which all means used to produce material resources are privately owned

C  Regulated capitalism, in which business has substantial freedom from government interference, but the government does step in and regulate the economy to guarantee individual rights

D  Pure laissez-faire capitalism, in which the government has no economic role at all

E  Social democracy, in which government plays an enormous role in ensuring substantive guarantees of fair outcomes for all citizens

A  Reserved powers

B  Implied powers

C  Right to a speedy trial by an impartial jury

D  Right to qualified representation in the case of criminal suit

A  The national government began to grant all of its aid to the state governments.

B  Cities and local governments began to receive grants directly from the national government.

C  The national government reduced its grants-in-aid to city governments.

D  Urban governments became more dependent on states for aid.

A  Office-holders

B  Those with money and power

C  Political activists

D  Neighbors

E  Foreigners

A  were blocked by Republicans in Congress

B  were generally successful with few exceptions

C  were not successful until the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment

D  were not successful until the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment

E  essentially ended by the time Reconstruction was completed and were not reinitiated until the civil rights era

A  acculturation

B  maturation

C  socialization

D  assessment

A  Libel

B  Prior restraint

C  National security

D  Obscenity

A  Separation of powers

B  Popular sovereignty

C  Checks and balances

D  Republicanism

A  From government action, not from other citizens

B  Of majority freedoms, not minority rights

C  From other citizens, not from the government

D  Of individual freedoms, not criminal rights

A  they would likely create tension between minorities

B  they would create a split between the North and the South

C  they would try to eliminate the system of checks and balances in the Constitution

D  they would likely pit the haves and have-nots against each other

E  certain factions might replace the legislature

A  Incorporated important parts of state law into the Bill of Rights

B  Limited the states’ powers to incorporate cities and towns

C  Selectively revised the meaning of several civil rights

D  Made parts of the Bill of Rights apply to state governments

A  Cognitive dissonance

B  Cognitive ideation

C  Conceivable detraction

D  Denial

A  populist democracy

B  participatory democracy

C  elite democracy

D  anarchy

E  pluralist democracy

A  The national government less control over foreign and defense policy

B  State and local governments more power over important public policies

C  State and local governments less control over federal funds

D  The national government more control over state and local affairs

A  Interferes with the flow of interstate commerce

B  Violates the Fourteenth Amendment

C  Contradicts the rulings in the Civil Rights Cases of 1883.

D  Violates the Thirteenth Amendment

A  Federal law enforcement efforts and foreign aid

B  Public service announcements and similar public relations efforts

C  Efforts to curb drug experimentation in suburban areas

D  The development of DARE and other drug education programs