Midterm

A  was trying to avoid the suggestion the Declaration was arguing for the protection of slavery

B  liked the sound of “pursuit of happiness” better

C  was trying to gain the support of those who had little property to protect

D  could not remember what Locke had actually said

E  wanted to reflect the views of the colonists

A  slightly behind but catching up gradually

B  much higher

C  slightly higher and holding steady

D  roughly the same

E  much lower

A  was a strictly ceremonial act with no significance

B  was a traditional action taken by presidents to signify their agreement with Congress

C  threatened the system of separation of powers

D  created agreements between presidents and the heads of foreign governments

E  helped to clarify for executive agencies how they are to implement laws

A  activism

B  discipline

C  polarization

D  gerrymandering

E  identification

A  an infraction

B  a crime

C  a felony

D  a tort

E  a misdemeanor

A  everyone agrees the Supreme Court would probably declare the law unconstitutional

B  Congress can never agree on a course of action when it comes to military decisions

C  Congress has no power under the War Powers Act

D  public opinion tends to rally around presidents when they deem military action necessary abroad, and Congress has declined to challenge such presidents

E  the provisions of the act are vague and make it easy to ignore

A  are unconstitutional according to the Supreme Court

B  were commonly used by nineteenth-century presidents

C  have been used to expand the powers of the presidency beyond what is explicitly stated in the Constitution

D  were more often used in the nineteenth century by weak presidents

E  allow the president to fulfill the office of president as the founders intended

A  Unimportant because few political people are religious

B  Important because religion teaches moral values that are often applied to politics

C  Important as the main source of a person’s sense of political efficacy

D  Unimportant because churches don’t openly take positions on political issues

A  It was used only once before 1857.

B  It was claimed for the Supreme Court in the case of Marbury v. Madison.

C  The Supreme Court has used the power very infrequently against acts of Congress.

D  It is not mentioned in the Constitution.

E  It includes the powers to declare acts of government unconstitutional and to interpret the meaning of all federal and state laws.

A  Social democracy, in which government plays an enormous role in ensuring substantive guarantees of fair outcomes for all citizens

B  Pure capitalism, in which all means used to produce material resources are privately owned

C  Pure laissez-faire capitalism, in which the government has no economic role at all

D  Regulated capitalism, in which business has substantial freedom from government interference, but the government does step in and regulate the economy to guarantee individual rights

E  Socialism, in which economic decisions are made by the government

A  Right to qualified representation in the case of criminal suit

B  Right to a speedy trial by an impartial jury

C  Reserved powers

D  Implied powers

A  Cities and local governments began to receive grants directly from the national government.

B  The national government began to grant all of its aid to the state governments.

C  Urban governments became more dependent on states for aid.

D  The national government reduced its grants-in-aid to city governments.

A  Those with money and power

B  Political activists

C  Neighbors

D  Foreigners

E  Office-holders

A  were generally successful with few exceptions

B  were not successful until the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment

C  were not successful until the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment

D  essentially ended by the time Reconstruction was completed and were not reinitiated until the civil rights era

E  were blocked by Republicans in Congress

A  maturation

B  acculturation

C  socialization

D  assessment

A  Prior restraint

B  National security

C  Libel

D  Obscenity

A  Republicanism

B  Checks and balances

C  Separation of powers

D  Popular sovereignty

A  Of majority freedoms, not minority rights

B  Of individual freedoms, not criminal rights

C  From government action, not from other citizens

D  From other citizens, not from the government

A  they would try to eliminate the system of checks and balances in the Constitution

B  they would likely pit the haves and have-nots against each other

C  they would likely create tension between minorities

D  they would create a split between the North and the South

E  certain factions might replace the legislature

A  Limited the states’ powers to incorporate cities and towns

B  Made parts of the Bill of Rights apply to state governments

C  Selectively revised the meaning of several civil rights

D  Incorporated important parts of state law into the Bill of Rights

A  Cognitive dissonance

B  Denial

C  Cognitive ideation

D  Conceivable detraction

A  elite democracy

B  populist democracy

C  participatory democracy

D  pluralist democracy

E  anarchy

A  State and local governments less control over federal funds

B  The national government less control over foreign and defense policy

C  State and local governments more power over important public policies

D  The national government more control over state and local affairs

A  Contradicts the rulings in the Civil Rights Cases of 1883.

B  Violates the Thirteenth Amendment

C  Violates the Fourteenth Amendment

D  Interferes with the flow of interstate commerce

A  The development of DARE and other drug education programs

B  Efforts to curb drug experimentation in suburban areas

C  Federal law enforcement efforts and foreign aid

D  Public service announcements and similar public relations efforts