Midterm

A  wanted to reflect the views of the colonists

B  was trying to avoid the suggestion the Declaration was arguing for the protection of slavery

C  liked the sound of “pursuit of happiness” better

D  was trying to gain the support of those who had little property to protect

E  could not remember what Locke had actually said

A  slightly behind but catching up gradually

B  much lower

C  slightly higher and holding steady

D  roughly the same

E  much higher

A  was a traditional action taken by presidents to signify their agreement with Congress

B  threatened the system of separation of powers

C  created agreements between presidents and the heads of foreign governments

D  was a strictly ceremonial act with no significance

E  helped to clarify for executive agencies how they are to implement laws

A  discipline

B  activism

C  identification

D  polarization

E  gerrymandering

A  a felony

B  a tort

C  a crime

D  an infraction

E  a misdemeanor

A  Congress has no power under the War Powers Act

B  public opinion tends to rally around presidents when they deem military action necessary abroad, and Congress has declined to challenge such presidents

C  the provisions of the act are vague and make it easy to ignore

D  everyone agrees the Supreme Court would probably declare the law unconstitutional

E  Congress can never agree on a course of action when it comes to military decisions

A  allow the president to fulfill the office of president as the founders intended

B  have been used to expand the powers of the presidency beyond what is explicitly stated in the Constitution

C  are unconstitutional according to the Supreme Court

D  were commonly used by nineteenth-century presidents

E  were more often used in the nineteenth century by weak presidents

A  Unimportant because few political people are religious

B  Unimportant because churches don’t openly take positions on political issues

C  Important as the main source of a person’s sense of political efficacy

D  Important because religion teaches moral values that are often applied to politics

A  The Supreme Court has used the power very infrequently against acts of Congress.

B  It includes the powers to declare acts of government unconstitutional and to interpret the meaning of all federal and state laws.

C  It was claimed for the Supreme Court in the case of Marbury v. Madison.

D  It was used only once before 1857.

E  It is not mentioned in the Constitution.

A  Pure laissez-faire capitalism, in which the government has no economic role at all

B  Regulated capitalism, in which business has substantial freedom from government interference, but the government does step in and regulate the economy to guarantee individual rights

C  Social democracy, in which government plays an enormous role in ensuring substantive guarantees of fair outcomes for all citizens

D  Socialism, in which economic decisions are made by the government

E  Pure capitalism, in which all means used to produce material resources are privately owned

A  Right to qualified representation in the case of criminal suit

B  Implied powers

C  Reserved powers

D  Right to a speedy trial by an impartial jury

A  The national government began to grant all of its aid to the state governments.

B  Urban governments became more dependent on states for aid.

C  Cities and local governments began to receive grants directly from the national government.

D  The national government reduced its grants-in-aid to city governments.

A  Political activists

B  Foreigners

C  Office-holders

D  Neighbors

E  Those with money and power

A  were not successful until the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment

B  essentially ended by the time Reconstruction was completed and were not reinitiated until the civil rights era

C  were not successful until the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment

D  were generally successful with few exceptions

E  were blocked by Republicans in Congress

A  maturation

B  acculturation

C  socialization

D  assessment

A  Obscenity

B  Prior restraint

C  Libel

D  National security

A  Separation of powers

B  Popular sovereignty

C  Republicanism

D  Checks and balances

A  Of majority freedoms, not minority rights

B  From other citizens, not from the government

C  From government action, not from other citizens

D  Of individual freedoms, not criminal rights

A  certain factions might replace the legislature

B  they would likely pit the haves and have-nots against each other

C  they would try to eliminate the system of checks and balances in the Constitution

D  they would likely create tension between minorities

E  they would create a split between the North and the South

A  Made parts of the Bill of Rights apply to state governments

B  Limited the states’ powers to incorporate cities and towns

C  Selectively revised the meaning of several civil rights

D  Incorporated important parts of state law into the Bill of Rights

A  Cognitive dissonance

B  Conceivable detraction

C  Cognitive ideation

D  Denial

A  elite democracy

B  pluralist democracy

C  participatory democracy

D  populist democracy

E  anarchy

A  The national government more control over state and local affairs

B  State and local governments more power over important public policies

C  State and local governments less control over federal funds

D  The national government less control over foreign and defense policy

A  Violates the Fourteenth Amendment

B  Violates the Thirteenth Amendment

C  Interferes with the flow of interstate commerce

D  Contradicts the rulings in the Civil Rights Cases of 1883.

A  Federal law enforcement efforts and foreign aid

B  Efforts to curb drug experimentation in suburban areas

C  Public service announcements and similar public relations efforts

D  The development of DARE and other drug education programs