Exam 3

A  feminist theory

B  functionalism

C  Symbolic Interactionism

D  conflict theory

A  Sex is never ambiguous but gender always is ambiguous.

B  Sex is biologically determined and gender is socially constructed.

C  Sex is a social construct and gender is a biological construct.

D  There are no differences between the two.

A  is known as white privilege

B  is preferential treatment

C  is rerely seen

D  doesn’t exist

A  The personal traits and social positions that members of a society attach to being a male or female.

B  The secondary sex characteristics of men and women

C  The degree of inequality between men and women in a society

D  people’s sexual orientation

A  poor police work

B  reverse discrimination

C  white privilege

D  prejudice discrimination

A  Sexual desire is a fundamental requirement for a sexual harassment charge to be valid

B  Sexual harassment laws apply to homosexuals who are harassed by heterosexuals or other homosexuals on the job.

C  Homosexuals can only file claims of sexual harassment if the aggressor was also a homosexual.

D  Homosexuals are not a protected class and therefore are not covered by sexual harassment laws.

A  more than men on the job

B  earn half as much as their male counterparts.

C  about the same as men in the workplace.

D  about 77 cents for every dollar men earn

A  subjugation

B  population transfer

C  forced assimilation

D  genocide

A  symbolic interactionists

B  none

C  conflict theorists

D  functionalists theorists

A  unintentional institutional discrimination

B  intentional discrimination

C  environmental racism

D  accidental discrimination

A  the functionalist approach to sexism

B  feminism

C  sexism

D  the glass ceiling

A  Gender differences are based on physiological differences.

B  Gender differences are based on genetic dispositions.

C  Gender differences are based on social factors

D  Gender differences are the result of biological differences.

A  philosophical

B  learned

C  genetically determined

D  inherited

A  the greater the level of education, the fewer births to single women

B  the lower the level of education, the fewer births to single women

C  There is no relationship between the level of education and births to single women.

D  the greater the level of education, the more births to single women

A  They wield the political power in a society.

B  Sociologists use term “subordinate groups” instead of “minority.”

C  “Minority groups” are not seen as synonomous with “subordinate” groups.

D  “Majorit”y groups are the same as subordinate groups

A  is not an example of institutional discrimination.

B  could be seen as an example of unintended individualistic discrimination.

C  would be an example of instutuional discrimination against groups , such as women, who on average, may not meet the requirement.

D  could be seen as racial profiling.

A  sometimes true

B  almost always accurate statements.

C  usually true

D  false by definition; there are always exceptions to the generalizations.

A  non-prejudice discrimination

B  prejudice non-discrimination

C  non-prejudice non-discrimination

D  prejudice discrimination

A  stereotype

B  prejudice

C  discrimination

D  good jokes

A  Sandra Laing was really white.

B  Sandra Laing was black and her parents were white.

C  Both Sandra Laing and her parents were really black.

D  Sandra Laing’s race “changed” several times.

A  The ACLU took the Loving case to the Virginia Supreme Court, where the Court invalidated the Virginia anti-miscegenation statute in 1965.

B  Richard and Mildred Loving found very little support from whites.

C  Because of social pressure, the couple divorced.

D  The ACLU took the Loving case to the U.S. Supreme Court, where the Court invalidated all anti-miscegenation laws in 1967.

A  Plessy v Ferguson

B  Loving v Virginia

C  Brown v Board of Education

D  Bailey v. Patterson

A  about the age of three

B  not until adulthood

C  during teenage years

D  between middlechildhood and early adolescence

A  The act, process, or state of being set apart

B  Transfer of culture from one group to another

C  the deliberate extermination of a racial or ethnic group

D  Implies a hostility to existing inequalities

A  peonage

B  child slavery

C  chattel slavery

D  indebted servitude

A  varies, depending upon the society in which its meaning is constructed

B  is entirely dependent upon fixed biological characteristics

C  is based on biological factors only

D  tends to be quite similar in all cultures

A  enforced norms of endogamy

B  ownership of one group of people by another

C  class distinction for life based on ascription

D  movement up and down the class ladder

A  It is a segment of a society that has legally established rights and duties.

B  It is not an example of a stratified system.

C  It is closed system of stratification in which a person’s social position is defined by law, and membership is determined primarily by inheritance.

D  Is similar to a caste system, but not as extreme.

A  a well-developed funtionalist approach to global inequality.

B  well-developed dependency theory.

C  One of the theoretical perspectives on global stratification.

D  a conflict approach to inequality.

A  The top two-thirds of Americans earn about two-thirds of the income.

B  Social inequality emerges through the domination of one or more groups by other groups.

C  Filling the more complex and important positions in society often requires talent that is scarce and has a long period of training.

D  Different positions in society make different levels of contributions to the well-being and preservation of society.

A  Japan is an example of a more-developed nation.

B  The United States is now a less-developed country.

C  Many coutries in central Africa are more developed nations.

D  Canada is an example of a less developed nation.

A  intergenerational mobility

B  horizontal social mobility

C  downward social mobility

D  structural mobility

A  Membership in closed systems is based on achieved statuses.

B  Social mobility is possible in open systems.

C  Caste is an example of a closed system

D  Class is an example of an open system.

A  was an interactionist attempt to explain stratification.

B  was embraced by conflict theorists

C  was eventually disproven

D  was an early functionalist attempt to explain why stratification exists.

A  income

B  amount of wealth

C  family background

D  sports

A  social class

B  upward social mobility

C  social stratification

D  structural mobility

A  ethnicity

B  class

C  social class

D  caste