Chapter 3

A  Prolonged Adolescence

B  Ageism

C  Sensitive period

D  Emerging adulthood

A  Andre is likely to be less poised and more anxious compared to later-developing boys.

B  Andre will be less popular than later-developing boys of his age.

C  Andre will be more likely to get into trouble with drugs, alcohol, and sex.

D  Andre will have a lower self-image and will be somewhat isolated since he is different than others.

A  Autonomy

B  Generativity

C  Inferiority

D  A sense of identity

A  Both believed that culture plays the most important role in cognitive development.

B  Both believed that children actively seek to discover new principles within their environments.

C  Both believed that children learn through observation and reinforcement.

D  Both believed that children come into the world like blank slates ready to be written on.

A  The language spoken by Tatiana’s parents

B  The number of siblings Tatiana has

C  The tone in which Tatiana’s parents speak to her

D  The age at which Tatiana begins babbling

A  This is a social reaction exhibited when people are close by.

B  This is indicative of an easy temperament for Kinsley.

C  This shows that she prefers her mommy over everyone else.

D  This is purely haphazard and could happen to anything entering the room.

A  Kisha had very little influence on Emma’s ability to stand. Emma was ready to stand around this time anyway without additional training from Kisha.

B  Kisha had a large influence on Emma’s ability to stand. Had Kisha not trained Emma how to stand, Emma may have taken many more months to learn to stand.

C  Kisha was the sole reason that Emma learned how to stand. Without Kisha’s psychomotor training, Emma never would have learned to stand.

D  Kisha had a large influence on Emma’s ability to stand. Kisha trained Emma to stand alone earlier than she should have been trained.

A  Endogenic

B  Intrauterine

C  Teratogenic

D  Interuterine

A  Lee received a recessive gene from one of his parents for the condition.

B  Lee received a dominant gene from each parent for the condition.

C  Lee received two dominant genes from one parent for the condition.

D  Lee received a recessive gene from each parent for the condition.

A  Assimilation

B  Transformation

C  Conservation

D  Accommodation

A  Children engage in the use of reasoning and logic before the age of six.

B  Children begin to think symbolically but engage in intuitive thought.

C  Children can easily use mental operations to manipulate images in their minds.

D  Children cannot form mental images or ideas.

A  Piagetian transformation

B  scaffolding

C  egocentrism

D  object permanence

A  Children are raised to respect the traditions of the past above the development of their own personal identity.

B  Self-reliance, resourcefulness, and an ability to take care of oneself in difficult situations are qualities that parents seek to promote in their children.

C  The pursuit of family honor encourages hard work, thrift, conservatism, and educational achievement.

D  Fathers tend to be strong authority figures who demand obedience so that the family will not be shamed by a child’s bad behavior.

A  The parents do not hold children accountable for their actions.

B  The parents supply firm and consistent guidance, combined with love and affection.

C  The parents control their children’s behavior through management techniques.

D  The parents balance their own rights with those of their children.

A  Trust versus mistrust

B  Industry versus inferiority

C  Identity versus role confusion

D  Initiative versus guilt

A  It is a hereditary disposition for certain psychological disorders.

B  It is the struggle between an individual’s personal impulses and the social world.

C  It is a level of influence that society has on a person’s psychological well-being.

D  It is a specific challenge that must be mastered for optimal development.

A  It may discourage greater maturity and independence.

B  It may prevent us from maintaining healthy lifestyles.

C  It may force premature identity formation.

D  It may complicate our personal development, especially after the late fifties.

A  ectodermal development

B  proximodistal development

C  endodermal development

D  cephalocaudal development

A  Unclassifiable children, who do not fall in any neat category

B  Difficult children, who are moody and easily upset

C  Slow-to-warm-up children, who are restrained and shy

D  Easy children, who are relaxed and agreeable

A  Hereditary and nutrition

B  Psychology and environment

C  Psychology and nutrition

D  Hereditary and environment