Chapter 3

A  Prolonged Adolescence

B  Emerging adulthood

C  Ageism

D  Sensitive period

A  Andre will be less popular than later-developing boys of his age.

B  Andre is likely to be less poised and more anxious compared to later-developing boys.

C  Andre will be more likely to get into trouble with drugs, alcohol, and sex.

D  Andre will have a lower self-image and will be somewhat isolated since he is different than others.

A  Inferiority

B  A sense of identity

C  Autonomy

D  Generativity

A  Both believed that children learn through observation and reinforcement.

B  Both believed that children come into the world like blank slates ready to be written on.

C  Both believed that children actively seek to discover new principles within their environments.

D  Both believed that culture plays the most important role in cognitive development.

A  The tone in which Tatiana’s parents speak to her

B  The number of siblings Tatiana has

C  The language spoken by Tatiana’s parents

D  The age at which Tatiana begins babbling

A  This is a social reaction exhibited when people are close by.

B  This is purely haphazard and could happen to anything entering the room.

C  This is indicative of an easy temperament for Kinsley.

D  This shows that she prefers her mommy over everyone else.

A  Kisha had very little influence on Emma’s ability to stand. Emma was ready to stand around this time anyway without additional training from Kisha.

B  Kisha had a large influence on Emma’s ability to stand. Kisha trained Emma to stand alone earlier than she should have been trained.

C  Kisha had a large influence on Emma’s ability to stand. Had Kisha not trained Emma how to stand, Emma may have taken many more months to learn to stand.

D  Kisha was the sole reason that Emma learned how to stand. Without Kisha’s psychomotor training, Emma never would have learned to stand.

A  Intrauterine

B  Teratogenic

C  Endogenic

D  Interuterine

A  Lee received a dominant gene from each parent for the condition.

B  Lee received two dominant genes from one parent for the condition.

C  Lee received a recessive gene from one of his parents for the condition.

D  Lee received a recessive gene from each parent for the condition.

A  Assimilation

B  Accommodation

C  Transformation

D  Conservation

A  Children engage in the use of reasoning and logic before the age of six.

B  Children cannot form mental images or ideas.

C  Children begin to think symbolically but engage in intuitive thought.

D  Children can easily use mental operations to manipulate images in their minds.

A  object permanence

B  Piagetian transformation

C  egocentrism

D  scaffolding

A  Self-reliance, resourcefulness, and an ability to take care of oneself in difficult situations are qualities that parents seek to promote in their children.

B  Children are raised to respect the traditions of the past above the development of their own personal identity.

C  The pursuit of family honor encourages hard work, thrift, conservatism, and educational achievement.

D  Fathers tend to be strong authority figures who demand obedience so that the family will not be shamed by a child’s bad behavior.

A  The parents control their children’s behavior through management techniques.

B  The parents balance their own rights with those of their children.

C  The parents supply firm and consistent guidance, combined with love and affection.

D  The parents do not hold children accountable for their actions.

A  Initiative versus guilt

B  Trust versus mistrust

C  Industry versus inferiority

D  Identity versus role confusion

A  It is the struggle between an individual’s personal impulses and the social world.

B  It is a specific challenge that must be mastered for optimal development.

C  It is a level of influence that society has on a person’s psychological well-being.

D  It is a hereditary disposition for certain psychological disorders.

A  It may discourage greater maturity and independence.

B  It may complicate our personal development, especially after the late fifties.

C  It may prevent us from maintaining healthy lifestyles.

D  It may force premature identity formation.

A  ectodermal development

B  endodermal development

C  proximodistal development

D  cephalocaudal development

A  Difficult children, who are moody and easily upset

B  Slow-to-warm-up children, who are restrained and shy

C  Unclassifiable children, who do not fall in any neat category

D  Easy children, who are relaxed and agreeable

A  Hereditary and nutrition

B  Hereditary and environment

C  Psychology and environment

D  Psychology and nutrition