Lecture Exam 2

A  human blood at pH 7.2

B  a hot vent at pH 1.5

C  human intestine at pH 8.5

D  milk at pH 6.5

A  that they grow well at low pH

B  that they grow well at high pressure

C  that they grow well at low oxygen

D  that they grow well at high pH

E  that they grow well at low oxygen

A  protein synthesis

B  reproduction

C  storage

D  survival

A  the temperature that has the longest time between cell divisions

B  the temperature that allows it to grow with the shortest generation time

C  the temperature that is near one extreme of its range of tolerated temperatures

D  the temperature that has the highest cell growth and highest enzymatic activity

A  they lack the correct nucleus

B  they lack the correct atmospheric pressure

C  they lack the correct salt concentration

D  they lack the correct pH

E  they lack the correct enzymes

A  aerotolerant anaerobe.

B  osmotolerant.

C  obligate aerobe.

D  acidophile.

E  facultative anaerobe

A  lag phase

B  stationary phase

C  decline phase

D  exponential or logarithmic phase

A  due to the exhaustion of nutrients

B  more than one of the above is correct

C  due to the accumulation of toxic metabolites

D  due to the rise in cell density

E  none of these are correct

A  facultative anaerobes

B  obligate anaerobes

C  alkaliphiles

D  neutrophiles

A  adherence to certain surfaces.

B  bacterial motility.

C  bacterial conjugation.

D  two of the choices are correct only

E  none of these are correct

F  all of these are correct

A  acidophile

B  neutrophile

C  osmotolerant

D  aerotolerant anaerobe

A  An individual that has been exposed to an infectious microorganism and the microorganism is replicating, but microorganism numbers have not yet reached levels necessary to produce visible symptoms.

B  An individual that has survived the acute phase of the disease because of an effective immune system and/or because of effective treatment.

C  none of these are correct

D  An individual that is suffering maximum host cell damage and is manifesting clear and distinct symptoms of the particular disease.

A  a phototroph

B  a chemoheterotroph

C  a heterotroph

D  a chemotroph

A  thermophile â growth at 50°C

B  mesophile â growth at 0°C

C  psychrophile â growth at 15°C

D  hyperthermophiles â growth at 85°C

A  mesophiles

B  thermophiles

C  psychrotrophs

D  acidophiles

A  an obligate anaerobe

B  an aerotolerant anaerobe

C  a facultative anaerobe

D  an obligate aerobe

A  salt pond in the desert with a daytime temperature of 34 °C

B  yogurt cultured at room temperature

C  mountain lake with a water temperature of 12 °C

D  contaminated plates left in a 35 °C incubator

A  None of these

B  20-30°C

C  25-40°C

D  >40°C

A  internal structure of fixed cells.

B  surface membranes of live, living cells.

C  internal structure of live, living cells.

D  surface structure of fixed cells.

A  dark-field microscopy

B  fluorescence microscopy

C  scanning electron microscopy

D  phase-contrast microscopy

E  bright-field microscopy

A  length.

B  diameter.

C  size

D  light penetration

A  the same

B  lower

C  no relationship on

D  higher

A  darkfield microscope

B  brightfield microscope

C  electron microscope

D  differential interference contrast microscope

A  light with an intermediate wavelength

B  radio wavelength

C  light with a long wavelength

D  light with a short wavelength

A  the microscope’s magnification.

B  the minimum cell size of a cell.

C  the microscope’s clarity.

D  the microscope’s resolution.

A  bright-field microscopy with staining

B  differential Interference Contrast microscopy

C  immunofluoresnce

D  phase contrast microscopy

A  bright-field

B  phase-contrast

C  scanning electron

D  dark-field

E  transmission electron

A  colon

B  nose

C  throat

D  hand

A  attaching

B  floating

C  reproducing

D  moving

E  dying

A  flagellum

B  peptidoglycan

C  capsule

D  cell wall

A  all of these

B  the production of exotoxins or endotoxins.

C  the presence of anatomical structures such as pili.

D  the production of various enzymatic activities such as hemolysins and leucocidins

A  prevented the virus from attaching to the host cell

B  prevented the virus from leaving the host cell

C  none of these are correct

D  destroyed the viral nucleic acid

E  prevented the virus from entering the host cell

F  more than one of the above is correct

A  punch holes in target cells

B  cause target cells to cell divide

C  more than one of the above is correct

D  cause target cells to function more efficiently

E  none of these are correct

F  cause target cells to mutate

A  mitochondria

B  endoplasmic reticulum

C  flagella

D  more than one of the above is correct

E  chloroplasts

F  nucleus

A  phototaxis

B  chemotaxis

C  gliding motility

D  tumbling

A  oxygen

B  water

C  starvation

D  nutrients

A  evade PAMPS activation

B  evade phagocytosis

C  move to a new location

D  damage host cells

E  build biofilms

A  carbohydrates

B  lipids

C  nucleic acids

D  protein

A  peritrichous

B  lophotrichous

C  monotrichous

D  monotrichous

A  they are used in motility

B  they can cause antibiotic resistance

C  more than one of the above is correct

D  they are used in attachment

E  they are used in DNA exchange

F  none of these are correct

A  halotolerant

B  thermophiles

C  acidophiles

D  barophiles

A  attachment increases motility

B  attachment increases endospore formation

C  attachment increases parasitic damage to the host

D  attachment increases the exchange of genes

A  endospores are more resistant to staining

B  endospores are more resistant to temperature changes

C  endospores are more likely to die in nutritionally poor conditions

D  endospores are more likely to survive treatment with disinfectants

A  axial filament

B  pilum

C  plasma membrane

D  fimbria

A  capsule

B  flagellum

C  pili

D  pore forming toxins

E  none of these are correct

F  more than one of the above is correct