Lecture Exam 2

A  milk at pH 6.5

B  human intestine at pH 8.5

C  human blood at pH 7.2

D  a hot vent at pH 1.5

A  that they grow well at high pH

B  that they grow well at high pressure

C  that they grow well at low oxygen

D  that they grow well at low oxygen

E  that they grow well at low pH

A  protein synthesis

B  reproduction

C  survival

D  storage

A  the temperature that is near one extreme of its range of tolerated temperatures

B  the temperature that has the highest cell growth and highest enzymatic activity

C  the temperature that allows it to grow with the shortest generation time

D  the temperature that has the longest time between cell divisions

A  they lack the correct atmospheric pressure

B  they lack the correct salt concentration

C  they lack the correct pH

D  they lack the correct enzymes

E  they lack the correct nucleus

A  facultative anaerobe

B  acidophile.

C  aerotolerant anaerobe.

D  osmotolerant.

E  obligate aerobe.

A  lag phase

B  stationary phase

C  decline phase

D  exponential or logarithmic phase

A  more than one of the above is correct

B  due to the exhaustion of nutrients

C  none of these are correct

D  due to the rise in cell density

E  due to the accumulation of toxic metabolites

A  obligate anaerobes

B  neutrophiles

C  alkaliphiles

D  facultative anaerobes

A  bacterial conjugation.

B  none of these are correct

C  bacterial motility.

D  adherence to certain surfaces.

E  all of these are correct

F  two of the choices are correct only

A  neutrophile

B  osmotolerant

C  acidophile

D  aerotolerant anaerobe

A  An individual that has been exposed to an infectious microorganism and the microorganism is replicating, but microorganism numbers have not yet reached levels necessary to produce visible symptoms.

B  An individual that has survived the acute phase of the disease because of an effective immune system and/or because of effective treatment.

C  none of these are correct

D  An individual that is suffering maximum host cell damage and is manifesting clear and distinct symptoms of the particular disease.

A  a heterotroph

B  a chemotroph

C  a phototroph

D  a chemoheterotroph

A  mesophile â growth at 0°C

B  hyperthermophiles â growth at 85°C

C  thermophile â growth at 50°C

D  psychrophile â growth at 15°C

A  psychrotrophs

B  acidophiles

C  mesophiles

D  thermophiles

A  an obligate anaerobe

B  an obligate aerobe

C  a facultative anaerobe

D  an aerotolerant anaerobe

A  mountain lake with a water temperature of 12 °C

B  salt pond in the desert with a daytime temperature of 34 °C

C  contaminated plates left in a 35 °C incubator

D  yogurt cultured at room temperature

A  20-30°C

B  >40°C

C  25-40°C

D  None of these

A  internal structure of fixed cells.

B  surface structure of fixed cells.

C  internal structure of live, living cells.

D  surface membranes of live, living cells.

A  bright-field microscopy

B  dark-field microscopy

C  phase-contrast microscopy

D  fluorescence microscopy

E  scanning electron microscopy

A  size

B  light penetration

C  diameter.

D  length.

A  no relationship on

B  the same

C  higher

D  lower

A  electron microscope

B  brightfield microscope

C  darkfield microscope

D  differential interference contrast microscope

A  radio wavelength

B  light with an intermediate wavelength

C  light with a long wavelength

D  light with a short wavelength

A  the microscope’s resolution.

B  the microscope’s magnification.

C  the microscope’s clarity.

D  the minimum cell size of a cell.

A  differential Interference Contrast microscopy

B  bright-field microscopy with staining

C  phase contrast microscopy

D  immunofluoresnce

A  phase-contrast

B  bright-field

C  transmission electron

D  scanning electron

E  dark-field

A  hand

B  colon

C  throat

D  nose

A  dying

B  moving

C  attaching

D  floating

E  reproducing

A  flagellum

B  peptidoglycan

C  cell wall

D  capsule

A  the production of various enzymatic activities such as hemolysins and leucocidins

B  all of these

C  the presence of anatomical structures such as pili.

D  the production of exotoxins or endotoxins.

A  prevented the virus from entering the host cell

B  none of these are correct

C  prevented the virus from leaving the host cell

D  prevented the virus from attaching to the host cell

E  destroyed the viral nucleic acid

F  more than one of the above is correct

A  cause target cells to cell divide

B  more than one of the above is correct

C  cause target cells to function more efficiently

D  none of these are correct

E  punch holes in target cells

F  cause target cells to mutate

A  chloroplasts

B  flagella

C  mitochondria

D  endoplasmic reticulum

E  more than one of the above is correct

F  nucleus

A  gliding motility

B  phototaxis

C  chemotaxis

D  tumbling

A  water

B  starvation

C  nutrients

D  oxygen

A  move to a new location

B  evade PAMPS activation

C  damage host cells

D  evade phagocytosis

E  build biofilms

A  carbohydrates

B  nucleic acids

C  protein

D  lipids

A  lophotrichous

B  monotrichous

C  monotrichous

D  peritrichous

A  none of these are correct

B  they are used in motility

C  they are used in attachment

D  more than one of the above is correct

E  they are used in DNA exchange

F  they can cause antibiotic resistance

A  acidophiles

B  thermophiles

C  barophiles

D  halotolerant

A  attachment increases motility

B  attachment increases parasitic damage to the host

C  attachment increases the exchange of genes

D  attachment increases endospore formation

A  endospores are more likely to survive treatment with disinfectants

B  endospores are more resistant to temperature changes

C  endospores are more likely to die in nutritionally poor conditions

D  endospores are more resistant to staining

A  plasma membrane

B  axial filament

C  pilum

D  fimbria

A  none of these are correct

B  pore forming toxins

C  capsule

D  flagellum

E  pili

F  more than one of the above is correct