Lecture Exam 2

A  human blood at pH 7.2

B  human intestine at pH 8.5

C  a hot vent at pH 1.5

D  milk at pH 6.5

A  that they grow well at low oxygen

B  that they grow well at low pH

C  that they grow well at high pressure

D  that they grow well at low oxygen

E  that they grow well at high pH

A  protein synthesis

B  survival

C  reproduction

D  storage

A  the temperature that has the highest cell growth and highest enzymatic activity

B  the temperature that has the longest time between cell divisions

C  the temperature that allows it to grow with the shortest generation time

D  the temperature that is near one extreme of its range of tolerated temperatures

A  they lack the correct enzymes

B  they lack the correct nucleus

C  they lack the correct pH

D  they lack the correct salt concentration

E  they lack the correct atmospheric pressure

A  aerotolerant anaerobe.

B  acidophile.

C  facultative anaerobe

D  obligate aerobe.

E  osmotolerant.

A  exponential or logarithmic phase

B  decline phase

C  stationary phase

D  lag phase

A  none of these are correct

B  more than one of the above is correct

C  due to the accumulation of toxic metabolites

D  due to the exhaustion of nutrients

E  due to the rise in cell density

A  facultative anaerobes

B  alkaliphiles

C  obligate anaerobes

D  neutrophiles

A  bacterial motility.

B  none of these are correct

C  two of the choices are correct only

D  adherence to certain surfaces.

E  bacterial conjugation.

F  all of these are correct

A  neutrophile

B  osmotolerant

C  aerotolerant anaerobe

D  acidophile

A  An individual that has been exposed to an infectious microorganism and the microorganism is replicating, but microorganism numbers have not yet reached levels necessary to produce visible symptoms.

B  An individual that has survived the acute phase of the disease because of an effective immune system and/or because of effective treatment.

C  An individual that is suffering maximum host cell damage and is manifesting clear and distinct symptoms of the particular disease.

D  none of these are correct

A  a chemotroph

B  a chemoheterotroph

C  a heterotroph

D  a phototroph

A  psychrophile â growth at 15°C

B  hyperthermophiles â growth at 85°C

C  thermophile â growth at 50°C

D  mesophile â growth at 0°C

A  mesophiles

B  acidophiles

C  thermophiles

D  psychrotrophs

A  an aerotolerant anaerobe

B  an obligate aerobe

C  an obligate anaerobe

D  a facultative anaerobe

A  contaminated plates left in a 35 °C incubator

B  yogurt cultured at room temperature

C  mountain lake with a water temperature of 12 °C

D  salt pond in the desert with a daytime temperature of 34 °C

A  25-40°C

B  20-30°C

C  None of these

D  >40°C

A  internal structure of fixed cells.

B  internal structure of live, living cells.

C  surface structure of fixed cells.

D  surface membranes of live, living cells.

A  bright-field microscopy

B  scanning electron microscopy

C  dark-field microscopy

D  phase-contrast microscopy

E  fluorescence microscopy

A  diameter.

B  size

C  length.

D  light penetration

A  no relationship on

B  the same

C  lower

D  higher

A  darkfield microscope

B  electron microscope

C  brightfield microscope

D  differential interference contrast microscope

A  light with an intermediate wavelength

B  radio wavelength

C  light with a short wavelength

D  light with a long wavelength

A  the minimum cell size of a cell.

B  the microscope’s clarity.

C  the microscope’s magnification.

D  the microscope’s resolution.

A  immunofluoresnce

B  phase contrast microscopy

C  bright-field microscopy with staining

D  differential Interference Contrast microscopy

A  phase-contrast

B  transmission electron

C  dark-field

D  bright-field

E  scanning electron

A  throat

B  hand

C  nose

D  colon

A  floating

B  moving

C  attaching

D  reproducing

E  dying

A  capsule

B  peptidoglycan

C  cell wall

D  flagellum

A  all of these

B  the production of exotoxins or endotoxins.

C  the presence of anatomical structures such as pili.

D  the production of various enzymatic activities such as hemolysins and leucocidins

A  prevented the virus from attaching to the host cell

B  prevented the virus from entering the host cell

C  prevented the virus from leaving the host cell

D  none of these are correct

E  destroyed the viral nucleic acid

F  more than one of the above is correct

A  cause target cells to function more efficiently

B  none of these are correct

C  cause target cells to cell divide

D  cause target cells to mutate

E  more than one of the above is correct

F  punch holes in target cells

A  flagella

B  endoplasmic reticulum

C  more than one of the above is correct

D  nucleus

E  chloroplasts

F  mitochondria

A  gliding motility

B  tumbling

C  chemotaxis

D  phototaxis

A  water

B  oxygen

C  starvation

D  nutrients

A  evade PAMPS activation

B  evade phagocytosis

C  move to a new location

D  build biofilms

E  damage host cells

A  carbohydrates

B  protein

C  lipids

D  nucleic acids

A  lophotrichous

B  monotrichous

C  peritrichous

D  monotrichous

A  none of these are correct

B  they are used in DNA exchange

C  they are used in attachment

D  they can cause antibiotic resistance

E  more than one of the above is correct

F  they are used in motility

A  thermophiles

B  acidophiles

C  barophiles

D  halotolerant

A  attachment increases the exchange of genes

B  attachment increases endospore formation

C  attachment increases motility

D  attachment increases parasitic damage to the host

A  endospores are more likely to survive treatment with disinfectants

B  endospores are more likely to die in nutritionally poor conditions

C  endospores are more resistant to staining

D  endospores are more resistant to temperature changes

A  axial filament

B  pilum

C  fimbria

D  plasma membrane

A  flagellum

B  pili

C  pore forming toxins

D  none of these are correct

E  more than one of the above is correct

F  capsule