Lecture Exam 2

A  human blood at pH 7.2

B  human intestine at pH 8.5

C  a hot vent at pH 1.5

D  milk at pH 6.5

A  that they grow well at high pH

B  that they grow well at low oxygen

C  that they grow well at low oxygen

D  that they grow well at high pressure

E  that they grow well at low pH

A  protein synthesis

B  storage

C  reproduction

D  survival

A  the temperature that has the longest time between cell divisions

B  the temperature that has the highest cell growth and highest enzymatic activity

C  the temperature that is near one extreme of its range of tolerated temperatures

D  the temperature that allows it to grow with the shortest generation time

A  they lack the correct enzymes

B  they lack the correct atmospheric pressure

C  they lack the correct nucleus

D  they lack the correct salt concentration

E  they lack the correct pH

A  aerotolerant anaerobe.

B  acidophile.

C  osmotolerant.

D  obligate aerobe.

E  facultative anaerobe

A  exponential or logarithmic phase

B  lag phase

C  decline phase

D  stationary phase

A  more than one of the above is correct

B  none of these are correct

C  due to the accumulation of toxic metabolites

D  due to the exhaustion of nutrients

E  due to the rise in cell density

A  alkaliphiles

B  obligate anaerobes

C  neutrophiles

D  facultative anaerobes

A  bacterial conjugation.

B  bacterial motility.

C  adherence to certain surfaces.

D  two of the choices are correct only

E  all of these are correct

F  none of these are correct

A  neutrophile

B  aerotolerant anaerobe

C  osmotolerant

D  acidophile

A  none of these are correct

B  An individual that is suffering maximum host cell damage and is manifesting clear and distinct symptoms of the particular disease.

C  An individual that has survived the acute phase of the disease because of an effective immune system and/or because of effective treatment.

D  An individual that has been exposed to an infectious microorganism and the microorganism is replicating, but microorganism numbers have not yet reached levels necessary to produce visible symptoms.

A  a heterotroph

B  a phototroph

C  a chemoheterotroph

D  a chemotroph

A  thermophile â growth at 50°C

B  hyperthermophiles â growth at 85°C

C  mesophile â growth at 0°C

D  psychrophile â growth at 15°C

A  thermophiles

B  mesophiles

C  acidophiles

D  psychrotrophs

A  an aerotolerant anaerobe

B  an obligate anaerobe

C  an obligate aerobe

D  a facultative anaerobe

A  yogurt cultured at room temperature

B  contaminated plates left in a 35 °C incubator

C  salt pond in the desert with a daytime temperature of 34 °C

D  mountain lake with a water temperature of 12 °C

A  20-30°C

B  >40°C

C  25-40°C

D  None of these

A  surface membranes of live, living cells.

B  surface structure of fixed cells.

C  internal structure of fixed cells.

D  internal structure of live, living cells.

A  phase-contrast microscopy

B  bright-field microscopy

C  fluorescence microscopy

D  scanning electron microscopy

E  dark-field microscopy

A  light penetration

B  size

C  length.

D  diameter.

A  no relationship on

B  higher

C  the same

D  lower

A  darkfield microscope

B  electron microscope

C  differential interference contrast microscope

D  brightfield microscope

A  light with a long wavelength

B  radio wavelength

C  light with a short wavelength

D  light with an intermediate wavelength

A  the minimum cell size of a cell.

B  the microscope’s magnification.

C  the microscope’s clarity.

D  the microscope’s resolution.

A  immunofluoresnce

B  differential Interference Contrast microscopy

C  phase contrast microscopy

D  bright-field microscopy with staining

A  scanning electron

B  transmission electron

C  bright-field

D  phase-contrast

E  dark-field

A  colon

B  nose

C  throat

D  hand

A  floating

B  dying

C  attaching

D  reproducing

E  moving

A  cell wall

B  peptidoglycan

C  capsule

D  flagellum

A  the production of exotoxins or endotoxins.

B  the production of various enzymatic activities such as hemolysins and leucocidins

C  all of these

D  the presence of anatomical structures such as pili.

A  destroyed the viral nucleic acid

B  prevented the virus from entering the host cell

C  prevented the virus from attaching to the host cell

D  prevented the virus from leaving the host cell

E  more than one of the above is correct

F  none of these are correct

A  more than one of the above is correct

B  cause target cells to function more efficiently

C  cause target cells to cell divide

D  cause target cells to mutate

E  punch holes in target cells

F  none of these are correct

A  mitochondria

B  chloroplasts

C  endoplasmic reticulum

D  more than one of the above is correct

E  nucleus

F  flagella

A  phototaxis

B  chemotaxis

C  tumbling

D  gliding motility

A  water

B  nutrients

C  starvation

D  oxygen

A  damage host cells

B  evade PAMPS activation

C  evade phagocytosis

D  move to a new location

E  build biofilms

A  carbohydrates

B  nucleic acids

C  lipids

D  protein

A  peritrichous

B  lophotrichous

C  monotrichous

D  monotrichous

A  more than one of the above is correct

B  none of these are correct

C  they are used in motility

D  they are used in attachment

E  they can cause antibiotic resistance

F  they are used in DNA exchange

A  thermophiles

B  barophiles

C  halotolerant

D  acidophiles

A  attachment increases parasitic damage to the host

B  attachment increases motility

C  attachment increases the exchange of genes

D  attachment increases endospore formation

A  endospores are more resistant to temperature changes

B  endospores are more likely to die in nutritionally poor conditions

C  endospores are more likely to survive treatment with disinfectants

D  endospores are more resistant to staining

A  pilum

B  fimbria

C  plasma membrane

D  axial filament

A  capsule

B  none of these are correct

C  more than one of the above is correct

D  pili

E  flagellum

F  pore forming toxins