Test 1

A  Thorndike

B  Pavlov

C  Skinner

D  Watson

A  Social

B  Operant

C  Secondary

D  Classical

A  dopamine – facilitates learning

B  serotonin – contributes to memory

C  acetylcholine – produces feelings of pleasure

D  glutamate – relief of pain

A  case study

B  survey

C  experiment

D  naturalistic observation

A  A pigeon pecking a disk receives food after 4 pecks, then after 7, after 5, and then after 6.

B  Every 7th time a rat presses a lever, it receives food pellets.

C  Every 6 minutes, a rat receives food for pressing a lever. Then the schedule changes to every 5 minutes, then to every 9 minutes.

D  A pigeon pecking a disk receives food every 6 minutes.

A  case study – A single individual or group is examined in detail.

B  naturalistic observation – Questionnaires or interviews are used to probe behavior or attitudes.

C  survey – Participants are systematically studied in their natural environment.

D  All of these choices are correctly matched.

A  Mamie Phipps Clark – first female president of the APA

B  Margaret Floy Washburn – first woman of color to be awarded a PhD in Psychology

C  Mamie Phipps Clark – first woman of color to be awarded a PhD in Psychology

D  Mary Whiton Calkins – first woman to earn a PhD in psychology

A  electroencephalogram (EEG) – expensive and time-consuming

B  positron emission tomography (PET) – expose people to radiation

C  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) – does not necessarily localize the cognitive processes of interest

D  computerized axial tomography (CAT) – expose people to radiation

A  Little Albert and conditioned fear.

B  rats in Skinner boxes.

C  children playing with a Bobo doll.

D  cats in puzzle boxes.

A  hearing; frontal

B  touch; frontal

C  hearing; parietal

D  touch; parietal

A  hearing; touch

B  vision; hearing

C  hearing; vision

D  touch; vision

A  behind; occipital

B  beneath; parietal

C  behind; parietal

D  beneath; occipital

A  critical thinking.

B  informed speculation.

C  educated guessing.

D  the scientific method.

A  neurogenesis.

B  neuromutability.

C  neuroadaptation.

D  neuroplasticity.

A  James.

B  Titchener.

C  Wundt.

D  Descartes.

A  agonists.

B  vesicles.

C  neurotransmitters.

D  action potentials.

A  axons.

B  dendrites.

C  synapses.

D  neurons.

A  glial fibers.

B  axons.

C  dendrites.

D  nodes of Ranvier.

A  partial

B  positive

C  primary

D  secondary

A  frontal lobe

B  parietal lobe

C  corpus callosum

D  brainstem

A  positive; negative

B  negative; positive

C  primary; secondary

D  secondary; primary

A  ratio schedule; interval schedule

B  interval schedule; ratio schedule

C  secondary reinforcer; primary reinforcer

D  primary reinforcer; secondary reinforcer

A  study of mental processes.

B  scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

C  science of behavior.

D  study of mental disorders and their treatment.

A  hypothesis; theory

B  theory; hypothesis

C  experiment; hypothesis

D  experiment; theory

A  psychoanalytic

B  biopsychosocial

C  humanistic

D  biological

A  Pavlov.

B  Watson.

C  Bandura.

D  Skinner.

A  psychoanalytic

B  sociocultural

C  cognitive

D  behavioral

A  Alzheimer’s disease; norpinephrine

B  depression; acetylcholine

C  depression; serotonin

D  Alzheimer’s disease; serotonin

A  cognitive

B  humanistic

C  psychoanalytic

D  behavioral

A  biological

B  psychoanalytic

C  cognitive

D  humanistic

A  acetylcholine

B  adenosine

C  endorphins

D  dopamine

A  determining whether a painting she is hanging is straight or crooked

B  reciting a shopping list out loud

C  recognizing a familiar look on her boyfriend’s face

D  understanding a pun

A  naturalistic observation

B  experimental method

C  correlational research

D  case study

A  reinforcers are delivered after a fluctuating period of time.

B  reinforcers are delivered after pre-established time periods.

C  the specific reinforcer changes from trial to trial.

D  reinforcers are delivered after a changing number of responses.

A  sociocultural

B  biological

C  psychoanalytic

D  cognitive

A  vision

B  hearing

C  smell

D  touch

A  whether the model in the film behaves aggressively or not

B  whether children see a film of an adult model or not

C  whether children are allowed to play with the doll after the film

D  whether children mimic the model’s aggressive behavior

A  Pavlov; operant

B  Skinner; classical

C  Pavlov; classical

D  Skinner; operant

A  myelin.

B  dendrites.

C  terminal buds.

D  glial cells.

A  GABA

B  dopamine

C  serotonin

D  norepinephrine

A  language production; language comprehension

B  language comprehension; language production

C  reading; writing

D  reading; speaking

A  observational learning.

B  insight.

C  shaping.

D  latent learning.

A  free will

B  environmental determinism.

C  natural selection.

D  unconscious conflict.

A  neuron’s cell body.

B  long, tube-like structure extending from a neuron’s cell body.

C  branch-like fiber extending in clusters from a neuron’s cell body.

D  support cell in the nervous system.

A  hearing

B  decision-making

C  motor coordination

D  vision

A  chemical.

B  signal.

C  gap.

D  joint.

A  independent; control

B  dependent; experimental

C  independent; dependent

D  dependent; independent

A  cognition.

B  learning.

C  development.

D  perception.

A  hypothesis.

B  theory.

C  variable.

D  operational definition.

A  variable-ratio

B  variable-interval

C  fixed-interval

D  fixed-ratio