Test 1

A  Thorndike

B  Skinner

C  Watson

D  Pavlov

A  Social

B  Operant

C  Classical

D  Secondary

A  dopamine – facilitates learning

B  acetylcholine – produces feelings of pleasure

C  glutamate – relief of pain

D  serotonin – contributes to memory

A  case study

B  experiment

C  naturalistic observation

D  survey

A  Every 6 minutes, a rat receives food for pressing a lever. Then the schedule changes to every 5 minutes, then to every 9 minutes.

B  A pigeon pecking a disk receives food after 4 pecks, then after 7, after 5, and then after 6.

C  A pigeon pecking a disk receives food every 6 minutes.

D  Every 7th time a rat presses a lever, it receives food pellets.

A  case study – A single individual or group is examined in detail.

B  All of these choices are correctly matched.

C  naturalistic observation – Questionnaires or interviews are used to probe behavior or attitudes.

D  survey – Participants are systematically studied in their natural environment.

A  Mary Whiton Calkins – first woman to earn a PhD in psychology

B  Mamie Phipps Clark – first woman of color to be awarded a PhD in Psychology

C  Margaret Floy Washburn – first woman of color to be awarded a PhD in Psychology

D  Mamie Phipps Clark – first female president of the APA

A  computerized axial tomography (CAT) – expose people to radiation

B  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) – does not necessarily localize the cognitive processes of interest

C  positron emission tomography (PET) – expose people to radiation

D  electroencephalogram (EEG) – expensive and time-consuming

A  rats in Skinner boxes.

B  Little Albert and conditioned fear.

C  cats in puzzle boxes.

D  children playing with a Bobo doll.

A  hearing; parietal

B  touch; parietal

C  hearing; frontal

D  touch; frontal

A  hearing; touch

B  vision; hearing

C  touch; vision

D  hearing; vision

A  beneath; parietal

B  behind; parietal

C  behind; occipital

D  beneath; occipital

A  the scientific method.

B  educated guessing.

C  informed speculation.

D  critical thinking.

A  neurogenesis.

B  neuroadaptation.

C  neuromutability.

D  neuroplasticity.

A  James.

B  Wundt.

C  Titchener.

D  Descartes.

A  agonists.

B  vesicles.

C  neurotransmitters.

D  action potentials.

A  synapses.

B  dendrites.

C  neurons.

D  axons.

A  glial fibers.

B  dendrites.

C  nodes of Ranvier.

D  axons.

A  positive

B  secondary

C  partial

D  primary

A  frontal lobe

B  corpus callosum

C  brainstem

D  parietal lobe

A  negative; positive

B  primary; secondary

C  secondary; primary

D  positive; negative

A  primary reinforcer; secondary reinforcer

B  interval schedule; ratio schedule

C  secondary reinforcer; primary reinforcer

D  ratio schedule; interval schedule

A  study of mental processes.

B  scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

C  science of behavior.

D  study of mental disorders and their treatment.

A  experiment; theory

B  theory; hypothesis

C  experiment; hypothesis

D  hypothesis; theory

A  humanistic

B  biological

C  psychoanalytic

D  biopsychosocial

A  Bandura.

B  Watson.

C  Pavlov.

D  Skinner.

A  cognitive

B  psychoanalytic

C  behavioral

D  sociocultural

A  Alzheimer’s disease; serotonin

B  depression; serotonin

C  depression; acetylcholine

D  Alzheimer’s disease; norpinephrine

A  psychoanalytic

B  cognitive

C  humanistic

D  behavioral

A  humanistic

B  cognitive

C  biological

D  psychoanalytic

A  acetylcholine

B  adenosine

C  endorphins

D  dopamine

A  understanding a pun

B  recognizing a familiar look on her boyfriend’s face

C  determining whether a painting she is hanging is straight or crooked

D  reciting a shopping list out loud

A  case study

B  naturalistic observation

C  experimental method

D  correlational research

A  reinforcers are delivered after a fluctuating period of time.

B  reinforcers are delivered after a changing number of responses.

C  the specific reinforcer changes from trial to trial.

D  reinforcers are delivered after pre-established time periods.

A  psychoanalytic

B  sociocultural

C  cognitive

D  biological

A  touch

B  smell

C  vision

D  hearing

A  whether children see a film of an adult model or not

B  whether children are allowed to play with the doll after the film

C  whether the model in the film behaves aggressively or not

D  whether children mimic the model’s aggressive behavior

A  Skinner; classical

B  Skinner; operant

C  Pavlov; classical

D  Pavlov; operant

A  dendrites.

B  terminal buds.

C  myelin.

D  glial cells.

A  serotonin

B  GABA

C  dopamine

D  norepinephrine

A  language production; language comprehension

B  reading; speaking

C  language comprehension; language production

D  reading; writing

A  observational learning.

B  insight.

C  shaping.

D  latent learning.

A  unconscious conflict.

B  free will

C  environmental determinism.

D  natural selection.

A  support cell in the nervous system.

B  long, tube-like structure extending from a neuron’s cell body.

C  neuron’s cell body.

D  branch-like fiber extending in clusters from a neuron’s cell body.

A  hearing

B  decision-making

C  motor coordination

D  vision

A  gap.

B  joint.

C  signal.

D  chemical.

A  independent; control

B  dependent; experimental

C  independent; dependent

D  dependent; independent

A  learning.

B  cognition.

C  development.

D  perception.

A  hypothesis.

B  operational definition.

C  theory.

D  variable.

A  variable-interval

B  fixed-ratio

C  variable-ratio

D  fixed-interval