Exam 1

A  A feminist

B  A symbolic interactionist

C  A structural functionalist

D  A conflict theorist

A  A conflict theorist

B  A symbolic interactionist

C  A feminist

D  A structural functionalist

A  A status-based regime in which advancement is unlikely.

B  The removal of personal feelings from a professional situation.

C  A bureaucracy where membership and advancement is based on proven and documented skills.

D  The authoritarian devalue of an employee .

A  Democratic

B  Authoritarian

C  Laissez-faire

D  Oligarchy

A  Impersonality

B  Explicit rules

C  Personality-based promotion

D  Clear division of labor

A  A normative organization

B  A bureaucracy

C  A coercive organization

D  A total institution

A  A primary group is small, consisting of emotional face-to-face relationships; a secondary group is larger and impersonal.

B  A primary group is large and impersonal; a secondary group is small and purely instrumental in function.

C  A primary group is large and impersonal; a secondary group is small, consisting of emotional, face-to-face relationships.

D  A primary group is small and impersonal; a secondary group is large and consists of face-to-face relationships.

A  Structural Functionalism

B  Conflict

C  Symbolic Interactionism

D  Exchange Theory

A  Exchange Theory

B  Structural Functionalism

C  Conflict Theory

D  Feminist Theory

A  A psychological phenomenon that is outside the realm of sociological study

B  An excellent cross section of the population

C  A total institution

D  An incomplete institution

A  A complete and permanent loss of herself.

B  Resocialization.

C  A shift in her desire to enjoy life.

D  A shift in her reading habits.

A  Allowing Joey to sleep with his “blankey.”

B  Buying Sarah a toy kitchen to play with.

C  Letting Kim wear pants to school.

D  Taking Jimmy to the aquarium.

A  The looking-glass self

B  Poor parenting

C  A degradation ceremony

D  The resocialization process

A  Self-esteem is directly correlated with body image.

B  The media encourages society to base their appearances on visible public figures.

C  Personal identity isn’t influenced by outside social forces.

D  People base their images on how they think other people see them.

A  Alex takes a sabbatical from his job as a professor of Molecular Biology to raise his two young children.

B  Krista lands a role on Days of Our Lives and begins receiving fan mail from fans across the country.

C  Derek attends law school and becomes a lawyer, though he dreams of one day becoming the next John Grisham.

D  Becca returns to work after giving birth to her daughter, finding it difficult to act as mother, wife, and executive.

A  Ascribed status

B  Achieved status

C  The Thomas Theorem

D  The looking-glass self

A  Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Agricultural; Horticultural

B  Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Horticultural; Agricultural

C  Pastoral; Hunter-gatherer; Horticultural; Agricultural

D  Pastoral; Agricultural, Hunter-gatherer; Horticultural

A  Though encouraged by his parents to audition for Julliard, Jose believes he isn’t good enough to attend. After his audition, he expresses this reluctance to the admissions committee. They don’t admit him due to his lack of certainty.

B  Kevin sprained his ankle a month before a marathon. Though his trainer advises him not to participate, Kevin runs the marathon and places third.

C  Morgan overhears a professor predicting the economic recession will prevent entry-level graduates from finding gainful employment. Morgan goes on interviews but doesn’t bother preparing, convinced it’s a waste of time. Morgan appears unprofessional and is not hired.

D  Charlotte is an intelligent teenager, but told by her step-sisters and cousins that she’s destined to a life of poverty and failure. Charlotte begins to do poorly in school, and eventually drops out.

A  Subculture

B  Formal Sanction

C  More

D  Social relativism

A  The hippie movement of the 1960’s

B  The yuppie craze of the 1980’s

C  The disco invasion of the 1970’s

D  The Kardashian obsession of the 2010’s

A  Crossing streets on cross-walks

B  Paying taxes

C  Driving on the right hand side of the road

D  Making eye contact while speaking

A  Federal laws and regulations.

B  Scripture found within the Bible.

C  A culture’s standard for discerning what’s good and just in society.

D  The tenets or convictions that people hold to be true.

A  Cultural imperialism

B  Xenocentricism

C  Material culture

D  Culture shock

A  Paradigms

B  Moral relativism

C  Ethnocentrism

D  Xenocentrism

A  Observing study participants without their consent

B  Conducting a literature review prior to conducting an experiment

C  Using a control group and an experimental group during observation

D  Drawing conclusions from a study which the hypothesis did not predict

A  The more positive reinforcement a parent gives a child, the better they do in school.

B  The more study halls students are given during the school day, the worse they perform on their tests.

C  The longer an inmate spends in prison, the more difficult it is for him to adapt to the outside world.

D  The more CDs Jamilla buys, the less money she has in her bank account

A  Independent variable: Grades; Dependent variable: John

B  Independent variable: John; Dependent variable: Grades

C  Independent variable: Number of laptops; Dependent variable: Grades

D  Independent variable: Grades; Dependent variable: Number of laptops

A  Experiments

B  Secondary data analysis

C  Surveys

D  Ethnography

A  Virtual interactivity, online polls, and online gaming.

B  In-depth interviews, focus groups, and/or analysis of content sources as the source of its data.

C  Statistical methods such as surveys with large numbers of participants.

D  Door to door sales pitches, cold calls, and press conferences.

A  They are both macro-level.

B  Macro-level; micro-level.

C  Micro-level; macro-level.

D  They are both micro-level.

A  Behaviorism

B  Conflict Theory

C  Symbolic Interactionism

D  Structural Functionalism

A  By the age of 18 years old Isabelle was only able to achieve an intellectual level about half her age.

B  Isabelle surpassed the intellectual level of other children her age as a result of the intensive training.

C  Isabelle reached an intellectual level normal for her age.

D  Isabelle failed to benefit from the training because she was discovered too late, at the age of 13 years old.

A  Genie died before the training could have an effect.

B  Genie surpassed the intellectual level of other children her age after two years of training.

C  Genie was able to achieve a normal intellectual level after two years of training.

D  The training had little effect, and Genie lived a primitive lifestyle.

A  children do not imitate the aggressive behavior that they observe.

B  girls do not imitate aggressive behavior.

C  children cry when they see aggressive behavior.

D  children imitate the aggressive behavior that they observe.

A  all of these.

B  death rates are low in all types of orphanages.

C  touch and bonds with others play an important role in one’s socialization, IQ, and health.

D  children who were raised in any type of orphanage have lower IQs than other children.

A  heredity

B  socialization

C  social environment

D  parenting

A  can be explained by social learning theory.

B  all of these.

C  is correlated to poverty.

D  associated with behavioral and academic problems.

A  weapons, clothing, folkways

B  beliefs, values, norms

C  mores, sanctions, machines

D  jewelry, art, hairstyles

A  Sociology is interested in the “doings of men” and observing individuals in their “natural habitat”.

B  A sociologist is a unique social scientist that rarely encounters other social scientists such as the historian, anthropologist, or psychologist.

C  Those who prefer to believe what they were taught or have “no interest in human beings” will not appreciate sociology.

D  A sociologist wants to understand the lives of others “on the other side of the river” and wants to understand what is going on “behind closed doors”.

A  C. Wright Mills

B  Lewis Coser Jr.

C  Talcott Parsons

D  Kai Ericson

A  the functionalist perspective

B  the symbolic interactionist perspective

C  the conflict perspective

D  the neo-conflict perspective

A  structural functionalist theory /perspective

B  conflict theory/perspective

C  the neo-conflict perspective

D  symbolic interactionist theory/perspective

A  structural functionalism

B  conflict theory

C  functional analysis

D  symbolic interactionism

A  Jim Jones and Jonestown provided all of the functions of religion to his followers.

B  all of these are correct.

C  Jim Jones told his followers that he was God (symbolized God) which is part of the symbolic interactionist perspective.

D  From a conflict perspective Jim Jones took advantage of the disadvantaged individuals in society.

A  Select a topic and review the literature.

B  all of these are steps in the social research process.

C  Choose a research method and collect the data.

D  Analyze and share the results.

A  describe, explain, and predict human behavior

B  none of these are goals of sociology

C  all of these are goals of sociology

D  study external factors that affect individuals

E  identify patterns of behavior

A  Some people will inflict pain on others if ordered to do so by a person in a position of authority.

B  Only emotionally disturbed persons enjoy inflicting pain on others.

C  Most people conform to social norms, even when told to deviate from them by persons in authority.

D  Electric shock treatments improve students’ abilities to learn.

A  Americans are highly individualistic and reluctant to conform to group pressure.

B  Because of group pressure, most people are willing to say things they know are not true.

C  Women are more susceptible to group pressure than men.

D  Younger people are more susceptible to group pressure than older adults.

A  the impact social forces has on people’s lives

B  viewing events, issues, and the world from a sociological perspective

C  an understanding of others in relation to history and the social structure of society

D  all of these

A  anthropology, sociology, psychology, economics, and political science

B  nutrition, exercise, rest, well-being, and financial security

C  family, religion, education, economics, and politics

D  family, government, police, courts, and prisons

A  a science focused on the distribution of the material goods and services of a society.

B  a group of several academic disciplines designed to understand the social world

C  a science that focuses on the mental processes of individuals.

D  a science that studies society, social interaction, and the external factors that influence groups of individuals.

A  Social forces include history, culture, and environment and are found to impact our behaviors and the decisions we make.

B  Social forces have NOT been found to contribute to the decisions we make or our behaviors.

C  Social forces affect how social we become and the amount of social interactions we have with others.

D  all of these

A  Samantha works in a non-profit organization.

B  Samantha is a part of an oligarchy.

C  Samantha is in a voluntary association.

D  Samantha works in a bureaucracy.

A  Religion is used to legitimate social inequality.

B  Religion can provide everyday guidelines for living.

C  Religion is the foundation of government.

D  Religion clouds people’s rational judgment.

A  content analysis

B  representative sampling

C  secondary analysis

D  participant observation

A  functionalist perspective

B  symbolic interactionist perspective

C  none of these

D  conflict perspective

A  counterculture

B  culture shock

C  subculture

D  folkway

A  “McDonaldization of society”

B  “credentialism of society”

C  “bureaucratization of society”

D  “rationalization of society”

A  survey research

B  experimental design

C  content analysis

D  participant observation

A  Conflict Theory

B  Symbolic Interactionism

C  Structural Functionalism

D  Social Exchange Theory