Exam 1

A  A conflict theorist

B  A structural functionalist

C  A feminist

D  A symbolic interactionist

A  A structural functionalist

B  A feminist

C  A symbolic interactionist

D  A conflict theorist

A  The removal of personal feelings from a professional situation.

B  A status-based regime in which advancement is unlikely.

C  The authoritarian devalue of an employee .

D  A bureaucracy where membership and advancement is based on proven and documented skills.

A  Democratic

B  Laissez-faire

C  Oligarchy

D  Authoritarian

A  Explicit rules

B  Personality-based promotion

C  Clear division of labor

D  Impersonality

A  A normative organization

B  A bureaucracy

C  A coercive organization

D  A total institution

A  A primary group is large and impersonal; a secondary group is small and purely instrumental in function.

B  A primary group is small and impersonal; a secondary group is large and consists of face-to-face relationships.

C  A primary group is large and impersonal; a secondary group is small, consisting of emotional, face-to-face relationships.

D  A primary group is small, consisting of emotional face-to-face relationships; a secondary group is larger and impersonal.

A  Conflict

B  Structural Functionalism

C  Exchange Theory

D  Symbolic Interactionism

A  Feminist Theory

B  Exchange Theory

C  Structural Functionalism

D  Conflict Theory

A  An excellent cross section of the population

B  A psychological phenomenon that is outside the realm of sociological study

C  A total institution

D  An incomplete institution

A  A shift in her reading habits.

B  Resocialization.

C  A shift in her desire to enjoy life.

D  A complete and permanent loss of herself.

A  Buying Sarah a toy kitchen to play with.

B  Letting Kim wear pants to school.

C  Taking Jimmy to the aquarium.

D  Allowing Joey to sleep with his “blankey.”

A  The looking-glass self

B  The resocialization process

C  Poor parenting

D  A degradation ceremony

A  Self-esteem is directly correlated with body image.

B  People base their images on how they think other people see them.

C  Personal identity isn’t influenced by outside social forces.

D  The media encourages society to base their appearances on visible public figures.

A  Derek attends law school and becomes a lawyer, though he dreams of one day becoming the next John Grisham.

B  Becca returns to work after giving birth to her daughter, finding it difficult to act as mother, wife, and executive.

C  Krista lands a role on Days of Our Lives and begins receiving fan mail from fans across the country.

D  Alex takes a sabbatical from his job as a professor of Molecular Biology to raise his two young children.

A  The looking-glass self

B  The Thomas Theorem

C  Achieved status

D  Ascribed status

A  Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Horticultural; Agricultural

B  Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Agricultural; Horticultural

C  Pastoral; Agricultural, Hunter-gatherer; Horticultural

D  Pastoral; Hunter-gatherer; Horticultural; Agricultural

A  Charlotte is an intelligent teenager, but told by her step-sisters and cousins that she’s destined to a life of poverty and failure. Charlotte begins to do poorly in school, and eventually drops out.

B  Morgan overhears a professor predicting the economic recession will prevent entry-level graduates from finding gainful employment. Morgan goes on interviews but doesn’t bother preparing, convinced it’s a waste of time. Morgan appears unprofessional and is not hired.

C  Kevin sprained his ankle a month before a marathon. Though his trainer advises him not to participate, Kevin runs the marathon and places third.

D  Though encouraged by his parents to audition for Julliard, Jose believes he isn’t good enough to attend. After his audition, he expresses this reluctance to the admissions committee. They don’t admit him due to his lack of certainty.

A  Formal Sanction

B  Subculture

C  Social relativism

D  More

A  The disco invasion of the 1970’s

B  The hippie movement of the 1960’s

C  The yuppie craze of the 1980’s

D  The Kardashian obsession of the 2010’s

A  Driving on the right hand side of the road

B  Paying taxes

C  Crossing streets on cross-walks

D  Making eye contact while speaking

A  Scripture found within the Bible.

B  A culture’s standard for discerning what’s good and just in society.

C  The tenets or convictions that people hold to be true.

D  Federal laws and regulations.

A  Cultural imperialism

B  Culture shock

C  Xenocentricism

D  Material culture

A  Moral relativism

B  Ethnocentrism

C  Paradigms

D  Xenocentrism

A  Conducting a literature review prior to conducting an experiment

B  Drawing conclusions from a study which the hypothesis did not predict

C  Observing study participants without their consent

D  Using a control group and an experimental group during observation

A  The more positive reinforcement a parent gives a child, the better they do in school.

B  The more study halls students are given during the school day, the worse they perform on their tests.

C  The longer an inmate spends in prison, the more difficult it is for him to adapt to the outside world.

D  The more CDs Jamilla buys, the less money she has in her bank account

A  Independent variable: John; Dependent variable: Grades

B  Independent variable: Grades; Dependent variable: John

C  Independent variable: Grades; Dependent variable: Number of laptops

D  Independent variable: Number of laptops; Dependent variable: Grades

A  Experiments

B  Ethnography

C  Surveys

D  Secondary data analysis

A  In-depth interviews, focus groups, and/or analysis of content sources as the source of its data.

B  Door to door sales pitches, cold calls, and press conferences.

C  Virtual interactivity, online polls, and online gaming.

D  Statistical methods such as surveys with large numbers of participants.

A  Macro-level; micro-level.

B  Micro-level; macro-level.

C  They are both macro-level.

D  They are both micro-level.

A  Conflict Theory

B  Symbolic Interactionism

C  Behaviorism

D  Structural Functionalism

A  Isabelle failed to benefit from the training because she was discovered too late, at the age of 13 years old.

B  Isabelle surpassed the intellectual level of other children her age as a result of the intensive training.

C  By the age of 18 years old Isabelle was only able to achieve an intellectual level about half her age.

D  Isabelle reached an intellectual level normal for her age.

A  Genie surpassed the intellectual level of other children her age after two years of training.

B  Genie died before the training could have an effect.

C  Genie was able to achieve a normal intellectual level after two years of training.

D  The training had little effect, and Genie lived a primitive lifestyle.

A  girls do not imitate aggressive behavior.

B  children do not imitate the aggressive behavior that they observe.

C  children imitate the aggressive behavior that they observe.

D  children cry when they see aggressive behavior.

A  children who were raised in any type of orphanage have lower IQs than other children.

B  touch and bonds with others play an important role in one’s socialization, IQ, and health.

C  all of these.

D  death rates are low in all types of orphanages.

A  parenting

B  socialization

C  social environment

D  heredity

A  all of these.

B  can be explained by social learning theory.

C  is correlated to poverty.

D  associated with behavioral and academic problems.

A  weapons, clothing, folkways

B  jewelry, art, hairstyles

C  beliefs, values, norms

D  mores, sanctions, machines

A  Those who prefer to believe what they were taught or have “no interest in human beings” will not appreciate sociology.

B  Sociology is interested in the “doings of men” and observing individuals in their “natural habitat”.

C  A sociologist is a unique social scientist that rarely encounters other social scientists such as the historian, anthropologist, or psychologist.

D  A sociologist wants to understand the lives of others “on the other side of the river” and wants to understand what is going on “behind closed doors”.

A  Talcott Parsons

B  C. Wright Mills

C  Lewis Coser Jr.

D  Kai Ericson

A  the symbolic interactionist perspective

B  the functionalist perspective

C  the neo-conflict perspective

D  the conflict perspective

A  structural functionalist theory /perspective

B  symbolic interactionist theory/perspective

C  conflict theory/perspective

D  the neo-conflict perspective

A  conflict theory

B  structural functionalism

C  functional analysis

D  symbolic interactionism

A  Jim Jones and Jonestown provided all of the functions of religion to his followers.

B  Jim Jones told his followers that he was God (symbolized God) which is part of the symbolic interactionist perspective.

C  all of these are correct.

D  From a conflict perspective Jim Jones took advantage of the disadvantaged individuals in society.

A  Choose a research method and collect the data.

B  Analyze and share the results.

C  all of these are steps in the social research process.

D  Select a topic and review the literature.

A  describe, explain, and predict human behavior

B  none of these are goals of sociology

C  identify patterns of behavior

D  study external factors that affect individuals

E  all of these are goals of sociology

A  Only emotionally disturbed persons enjoy inflicting pain on others.

B  Most people conform to social norms, even when told to deviate from them by persons in authority.

C  Electric shock treatments improve students’ abilities to learn.

D  Some people will inflict pain on others if ordered to do so by a person in a position of authority.

A  Younger people are more susceptible to group pressure than older adults.

B  Because of group pressure, most people are willing to say things they know are not true.

C  Women are more susceptible to group pressure than men.

D  Americans are highly individualistic and reluctant to conform to group pressure.

A  all of these

B  viewing events, issues, and the world from a sociological perspective

C  an understanding of others in relation to history and the social structure of society

D  the impact social forces has on people’s lives

A  family, government, police, courts, and prisons

B  anthropology, sociology, psychology, economics, and political science

C  family, religion, education, economics, and politics

D  nutrition, exercise, rest, well-being, and financial security

A  a group of several academic disciplines designed to understand the social world

B  a science that studies society, social interaction, and the external factors that influence groups of individuals.

C  a science focused on the distribution of the material goods and services of a society.

D  a science that focuses on the mental processes of individuals.

A  Social forces have NOT been found to contribute to the decisions we make or our behaviors.

B  Social forces affect how social we become and the amount of social interactions we have with others.

C  all of these

D  Social forces include history, culture, and environment and are found to impact our behaviors and the decisions we make.

A  Samantha is in a voluntary association.

B  Samantha works in a bureaucracy.

C  Samantha works in a non-profit organization.

D  Samantha is a part of an oligarchy.

A  Religion is used to legitimate social inequality.

B  Religion is the foundation of government.

C  Religion can provide everyday guidelines for living.

D  Religion clouds people’s rational judgment.

A  participant observation

B  representative sampling

C  secondary analysis

D  content analysis

A  none of these

B  conflict perspective

C  symbolic interactionist perspective

D  functionalist perspective

A  counterculture

B  folkway

C  culture shock

D  subculture

A  “McDonaldization of society”

B  “bureaucratization of society”

C  “credentialism of society”

D  “rationalization of society”

A  survey research

B  experimental design

C  participant observation

D  content analysis

A  Structural Functionalism

B  Conflict Theory

C  Social Exchange Theory

D  Symbolic Interactionism