Exam 1

A  A conflict theorist

B  A symbolic interactionist

C  A feminist

D  A structural functionalist

A  A conflict theorist

B  A symbolic interactionist

C  A feminist

D  A structural functionalist

A  A status-based regime in which advancement is unlikely.

B  A bureaucracy where membership and advancement is based on proven and documented skills.

C  The removal of personal feelings from a professional situation.

D  The authoritarian devalue of an employee .

A  Authoritarian

B  Laissez-faire

C  Oligarchy

D  Democratic

A  Explicit rules

B  Personality-based promotion

C  Clear division of labor

D  Impersonality

A  A normative organization

B  A bureaucracy

C  A total institution

D  A coercive organization

A  A primary group is large and impersonal; a secondary group is small and purely instrumental in function.

B  A primary group is small, consisting of emotional face-to-face relationships; a secondary group is larger and impersonal.

C  A primary group is large and impersonal; a secondary group is small, consisting of emotional, face-to-face relationships.

D  A primary group is small and impersonal; a secondary group is large and consists of face-to-face relationships.

A  Symbolic Interactionism

B  Structural Functionalism

C  Conflict

D  Exchange Theory

A  Conflict Theory

B  Feminist Theory

C  Exchange Theory

D  Structural Functionalism

A  An incomplete institution

B  A total institution

C  An excellent cross section of the population

D  A psychological phenomenon that is outside the realm of sociological study

A  A shift in her desire to enjoy life.

B  A complete and permanent loss of herself.

C  Resocialization.

D  A shift in her reading habits.

A  Letting Kim wear pants to school.

B  Taking Jimmy to the aquarium.

C  Allowing Joey to sleep with his “blankey.”

D  Buying Sarah a toy kitchen to play with.

A  The looking-glass self

B  Poor parenting

C  The resocialization process

D  A degradation ceremony

A  Personal identity isn’t influenced by outside social forces.

B  Self-esteem is directly correlated with body image.

C  People base their images on how they think other people see them.

D  The media encourages society to base their appearances on visible public figures.

A  Becca returns to work after giving birth to her daughter, finding it difficult to act as mother, wife, and executive.

B  Derek attends law school and becomes a lawyer, though he dreams of one day becoming the next John Grisham.

C  Alex takes a sabbatical from his job as a professor of Molecular Biology to raise his two young children.

D  Krista lands a role on Days of Our Lives and begins receiving fan mail from fans across the country.

A  The looking-glass self

B  Ascribed status

C  Achieved status

D  The Thomas Theorem

A  Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Horticultural; Agricultural

B  Pastoral; Hunter-gatherer; Horticultural; Agricultural

C  Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Agricultural; Horticultural

D  Pastoral; Agricultural, Hunter-gatherer; Horticultural

A  Charlotte is an intelligent teenager, but told by her step-sisters and cousins that she’s destined to a life of poverty and failure. Charlotte begins to do poorly in school, and eventually drops out.

B  Kevin sprained his ankle a month before a marathon. Though his trainer advises him not to participate, Kevin runs the marathon and places third.

C  Morgan overhears a professor predicting the economic recession will prevent entry-level graduates from finding gainful employment. Morgan goes on interviews but doesn’t bother preparing, convinced it’s a waste of time. Morgan appears unprofessional and is not hired.

D  Though encouraged by his parents to audition for Julliard, Jose believes he isn’t good enough to attend. After his audition, he expresses this reluctance to the admissions committee. They don’t admit him due to his lack of certainty.

A  More

B  Formal Sanction

C  Subculture

D  Social relativism

A  The disco invasion of the 1970’s

B  The yuppie craze of the 1980’s

C  The Kardashian obsession of the 2010’s

D  The hippie movement of the 1960’s

A  Paying taxes

B  Driving on the right hand side of the road

C  Making eye contact while speaking

D  Crossing streets on cross-walks

A  The tenets or convictions that people hold to be true.

B  A culture’s standard for discerning what’s good and just in society.

C  Federal laws and regulations.

D  Scripture found within the Bible.

A  Culture shock

B  Xenocentricism

C  Cultural imperialism

D  Material culture

A  Ethnocentrism

B  Paradigms

C  Moral relativism

D  Xenocentrism

A  Drawing conclusions from a study which the hypothesis did not predict

B  Conducting a literature review prior to conducting an experiment

C  Using a control group and an experimental group during observation

D  Observing study participants without their consent

A  The more positive reinforcement a parent gives a child, the better they do in school.

B  The more CDs Jamilla buys, the less money she has in her bank account

C  The longer an inmate spends in prison, the more difficult it is for him to adapt to the outside world.

D  The more study halls students are given during the school day, the worse they perform on their tests.

A  Independent variable: Number of laptops; Dependent variable: Grades

B  Independent variable: John; Dependent variable: Grades

C  Independent variable: Grades; Dependent variable: Number of laptops

D  Independent variable: Grades; Dependent variable: John

A  Experiments

B  Secondary data analysis

C  Surveys

D  Ethnography

A  In-depth interviews, focus groups, and/or analysis of content sources as the source of its data.

B  Virtual interactivity, online polls, and online gaming.

C  Door to door sales pitches, cold calls, and press conferences.

D  Statistical methods such as surveys with large numbers of participants.

A  Macro-level; micro-level.

B  They are both micro-level.

C  They are both macro-level.

D  Micro-level; macro-level.

A  Symbolic Interactionism

B  Structural Functionalism

C  Behaviorism

D  Conflict Theory

A  Isabelle failed to benefit from the training because she was discovered too late, at the age of 13 years old.

B  Isabelle reached an intellectual level normal for her age.

C  By the age of 18 years old Isabelle was only able to achieve an intellectual level about half her age.

D  Isabelle surpassed the intellectual level of other children her age as a result of the intensive training.

A  Genie was able to achieve a normal intellectual level after two years of training.

B  Genie surpassed the intellectual level of other children her age after two years of training.

C  The training had little effect, and Genie lived a primitive lifestyle.

D  Genie died before the training could have an effect.

A  children cry when they see aggressive behavior.

B  girls do not imitate aggressive behavior.

C  children do not imitate the aggressive behavior that they observe.

D  children imitate the aggressive behavior that they observe.

A  all of these.

B  touch and bonds with others play an important role in one’s socialization, IQ, and health.

C  death rates are low in all types of orphanages.

D  children who were raised in any type of orphanage have lower IQs than other children.

A  parenting

B  socialization

C  heredity

D  social environment

A  can be explained by social learning theory.

B  associated with behavioral and academic problems.

C  is correlated to poverty.

D  all of these.

A  jewelry, art, hairstyles

B  beliefs, values, norms

C  weapons, clothing, folkways

D  mores, sanctions, machines

A  A sociologist is a unique social scientist that rarely encounters other social scientists such as the historian, anthropologist, or psychologist.

B  A sociologist wants to understand the lives of others “on the other side of the river” and wants to understand what is going on “behind closed doors”.

C  Those who prefer to believe what they were taught or have “no interest in human beings” will not appreciate sociology.

D  Sociology is interested in the “doings of men” and observing individuals in their “natural habitat”.

A  Kai Ericson

B  Lewis Coser Jr.

C  C. Wright Mills

D  Talcott Parsons

A  the symbolic interactionist perspective

B  the functionalist perspective

C  the neo-conflict perspective

D  the conflict perspective

A  symbolic interactionist theory/perspective

B  conflict theory/perspective

C  the neo-conflict perspective

D  structural functionalist theory /perspective

A  functional analysis

B  conflict theory

C  symbolic interactionism

D  structural functionalism

A  Jim Jones and Jonestown provided all of the functions of religion to his followers.

B  Jim Jones told his followers that he was God (symbolized God) which is part of the symbolic interactionist perspective.

C  From a conflict perspective Jim Jones took advantage of the disadvantaged individuals in society.

D  all of these are correct.

A  Select a topic and review the literature.

B  Analyze and share the results.

C  Choose a research method and collect the data.

D  all of these are steps in the social research process.

A  identify patterns of behavior

B  none of these are goals of sociology

C  describe, explain, and predict human behavior

D  study external factors that affect individuals

E  all of these are goals of sociology

A  Some people will inflict pain on others if ordered to do so by a person in a position of authority.

B  Only emotionally disturbed persons enjoy inflicting pain on others.

C  Most people conform to social norms, even when told to deviate from them by persons in authority.

D  Electric shock treatments improve students’ abilities to learn.

A  Younger people are more susceptible to group pressure than older adults.

B  Because of group pressure, most people are willing to say things they know are not true.

C  Women are more susceptible to group pressure than men.

D  Americans are highly individualistic and reluctant to conform to group pressure.

A  all of these

B  the impact social forces has on people’s lives

C  an understanding of others in relation to history and the social structure of society

D  viewing events, issues, and the world from a sociological perspective

A  family, government, police, courts, and prisons

B  nutrition, exercise, rest, well-being, and financial security

C  family, religion, education, economics, and politics

D  anthropology, sociology, psychology, economics, and political science

A  a science that focuses on the mental processes of individuals.

B  a group of several academic disciplines designed to understand the social world

C  a science that studies society, social interaction, and the external factors that influence groups of individuals.

D  a science focused on the distribution of the material goods and services of a society.

A  all of these

B  Social forces affect how social we become and the amount of social interactions we have with others.

C  Social forces have NOT been found to contribute to the decisions we make or our behaviors.

D  Social forces include history, culture, and environment and are found to impact our behaviors and the decisions we make.

A  Samantha is in a voluntary association.

B  Samantha is a part of an oligarchy.

C  Samantha works in a non-profit organization.

D  Samantha works in a bureaucracy.

A  Religion is used to legitimate social inequality.

B  Religion clouds people’s rational judgment.

C  Religion is the foundation of government.

D  Religion can provide everyday guidelines for living.

A  content analysis

B  participant observation

C  representative sampling

D  secondary analysis

A  conflict perspective

B  symbolic interactionist perspective

C  none of these

D  functionalist perspective

A  folkway

B  culture shock

C  counterculture

D  subculture

A  “credentialism of society”

B  “McDonaldization of society”

C  “rationalization of society”

D  “bureaucratization of society”

A  content analysis

B  experimental design

C  participant observation

D  survey research

A  Symbolic Interactionism

B  Structural Functionalism

C  Social Exchange Theory

D  Conflict Theory