Exam 1

A  A structural functionalist

B  A symbolic interactionist

C  A conflict theorist

D  A feminist

A  A conflict theorist

B  A symbolic interactionist

C  A feminist

D  A structural functionalist

A  The authoritarian devalue of an employee .

B  A bureaucracy where membership and advancement is based on proven and documented skills.

C  The removal of personal feelings from a professional situation.

D  A status-based regime in which advancement is unlikely.

A  Democratic

B  Authoritarian

C  Laissez-faire

D  Oligarchy

A  Explicit rules

B  Clear division of labor

C  Personality-based promotion

D  Impersonality

A  A normative organization

B  A coercive organization

C  A total institution

D  A bureaucracy

A  A primary group is small and impersonal; a secondary group is large and consists of face-to-face relationships.

B  A primary group is large and impersonal; a secondary group is small, consisting of emotional, face-to-face relationships.

C  A primary group is small, consisting of emotional face-to-face relationships; a secondary group is larger and impersonal.

D  A primary group is large and impersonal; a secondary group is small and purely instrumental in function.

A  Conflict

B  Symbolic Interactionism

C  Structural Functionalism

D  Exchange Theory

A  Feminist Theory

B  Exchange Theory

C  Conflict Theory

D  Structural Functionalism

A  A psychological phenomenon that is outside the realm of sociological study

B  A total institution

C  An excellent cross section of the population

D  An incomplete institution

A  A shift in her desire to enjoy life.

B  A complete and permanent loss of herself.

C  A shift in her reading habits.

D  Resocialization.

A  Taking Jimmy to the aquarium.

B  Letting Kim wear pants to school.

C  Allowing Joey to sleep with his “blankey.”

D  Buying Sarah a toy kitchen to play with.

A  The looking-glass self

B  The resocialization process

C  A degradation ceremony

D  Poor parenting

A  People base their images on how they think other people see them.

B  The media encourages society to base their appearances on visible public figures.

C  Personal identity isn’t influenced by outside social forces.

D  Self-esteem is directly correlated with body image.

A  Alex takes a sabbatical from his job as a professor of Molecular Biology to raise his two young children.

B  Becca returns to work after giving birth to her daughter, finding it difficult to act as mother, wife, and executive.

C  Krista lands a role on Days of Our Lives and begins receiving fan mail from fans across the country.

D  Derek attends law school and becomes a lawyer, though he dreams of one day becoming the next John Grisham.

A  Ascribed status

B  Achieved status

C  The looking-glass self

D  The Thomas Theorem

A  Pastoral; Hunter-gatherer; Horticultural; Agricultural

B  Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Horticultural; Agricultural

C  Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Agricultural; Horticultural

D  Pastoral; Agricultural, Hunter-gatherer; Horticultural

A  Kevin sprained his ankle a month before a marathon. Though his trainer advises him not to participate, Kevin runs the marathon and places third.

B  Charlotte is an intelligent teenager, but told by her step-sisters and cousins that she’s destined to a life of poverty and failure. Charlotte begins to do poorly in school, and eventually drops out.

C  Though encouraged by his parents to audition for Julliard, Jose believes he isn’t good enough to attend. After his audition, he expresses this reluctance to the admissions committee. They don’t admit him due to his lack of certainty.

D  Morgan overhears a professor predicting the economic recession will prevent entry-level graduates from finding gainful employment. Morgan goes on interviews but doesn’t bother preparing, convinced it’s a waste of time. Morgan appears unprofessional and is not hired.

A  Subculture

B  More

C  Social relativism

D  Formal Sanction

A  The yuppie craze of the 1980’s

B  The Kardashian obsession of the 2010’s

C  The disco invasion of the 1970’s

D  The hippie movement of the 1960’s

A  Crossing streets on cross-walks

B  Making eye contact while speaking

C  Driving on the right hand side of the road

D  Paying taxes

A  A culture’s standard for discerning what’s good and just in society.

B  Scripture found within the Bible.

C  The tenets or convictions that people hold to be true.

D  Federal laws and regulations.

A  Material culture

B  Culture shock

C  Cultural imperialism

D  Xenocentricism

A  Ethnocentrism

B  Moral relativism

C  Paradigms

D  Xenocentrism

A  Observing study participants without their consent

B  Conducting a literature review prior to conducting an experiment

C  Using a control group and an experimental group during observation

D  Drawing conclusions from a study which the hypothesis did not predict

A  The more positive reinforcement a parent gives a child, the better they do in school.

B  The more study halls students are given during the school day, the worse they perform on their tests.

C  The more CDs Jamilla buys, the less money she has in her bank account

D  The longer an inmate spends in prison, the more difficult it is for him to adapt to the outside world.

A  Independent variable: Grades; Dependent variable: Number of laptops

B  Independent variable: Number of laptops; Dependent variable: Grades

C  Independent variable: John; Dependent variable: Grades

D  Independent variable: Grades; Dependent variable: John

A  Secondary data analysis

B  Experiments

C  Surveys

D  Ethnography

A  Statistical methods such as surveys with large numbers of participants.

B  Virtual interactivity, online polls, and online gaming.

C  Door to door sales pitches, cold calls, and press conferences.

D  In-depth interviews, focus groups, and/or analysis of content sources as the source of its data.

A  They are both macro-level.

B  They are both micro-level.

C  Macro-level; micro-level.

D  Micro-level; macro-level.

A  Symbolic Interactionism

B  Conflict Theory

C  Structural Functionalism

D  Behaviorism

A  Isabelle reached an intellectual level normal for her age.

B  By the age of 18 years old Isabelle was only able to achieve an intellectual level about half her age.

C  Isabelle surpassed the intellectual level of other children her age as a result of the intensive training.

D  Isabelle failed to benefit from the training because she was discovered too late, at the age of 13 years old.

A  Genie surpassed the intellectual level of other children her age after two years of training.

B  Genie was able to achieve a normal intellectual level after two years of training.

C  The training had little effect, and Genie lived a primitive lifestyle.

D  Genie died before the training could have an effect.

A  children do not imitate the aggressive behavior that they observe.

B  children imitate the aggressive behavior that they observe.

C  girls do not imitate aggressive behavior.

D  children cry when they see aggressive behavior.

A  touch and bonds with others play an important role in one’s socialization, IQ, and health.

B  death rates are low in all types of orphanages.

C  children who were raised in any type of orphanage have lower IQs than other children.

D  all of these.

A  heredity

B  parenting

C  social environment

D  socialization

A  associated with behavioral and academic problems.

B  is correlated to poverty.

C  all of these.

D  can be explained by social learning theory.

A  jewelry, art, hairstyles

B  beliefs, values, norms

C  mores, sanctions, machines

D  weapons, clothing, folkways

A  A sociologist wants to understand the lives of others “on the other side of the river” and wants to understand what is going on “behind closed doors”.

B  Sociology is interested in the “doings of men” and observing individuals in their “natural habitat”.

C  A sociologist is a unique social scientist that rarely encounters other social scientists such as the historian, anthropologist, or psychologist.

D  Those who prefer to believe what they were taught or have “no interest in human beings” will not appreciate sociology.

A  Talcott Parsons

B  Lewis Coser Jr.

C  C. Wright Mills

D  Kai Ericson

A  the symbolic interactionist perspective

B  the conflict perspective

C  the functionalist perspective

D  the neo-conflict perspective

A  the neo-conflict perspective

B  conflict theory/perspective

C  symbolic interactionist theory/perspective

D  structural functionalist theory /perspective

A  conflict theory

B  functional analysis

C  structural functionalism

D  symbolic interactionism

A  all of these are correct.

B  From a conflict perspective Jim Jones took advantage of the disadvantaged individuals in society.

C  Jim Jones told his followers that he was God (symbolized God) which is part of the symbolic interactionist perspective.

D  Jim Jones and Jonestown provided all of the functions of religion to his followers.

A  all of these are steps in the social research process.

B  Choose a research method and collect the data.

C  Select a topic and review the literature.

D  Analyze and share the results.

A  all of these are goals of sociology

B  study external factors that affect individuals

C  describe, explain, and predict human behavior

D  identify patterns of behavior

E  none of these are goals of sociology

A  Some people will inflict pain on others if ordered to do so by a person in a position of authority.

B  Most people conform to social norms, even when told to deviate from them by persons in authority.

C  Electric shock treatments improve students’ abilities to learn.

D  Only emotionally disturbed persons enjoy inflicting pain on others.

A  Because of group pressure, most people are willing to say things they know are not true.

B  Younger people are more susceptible to group pressure than older adults.

C  Americans are highly individualistic and reluctant to conform to group pressure.

D  Women are more susceptible to group pressure than men.

A  an understanding of others in relation to history and the social structure of society

B  all of these

C  the impact social forces has on people’s lives

D  viewing events, issues, and the world from a sociological perspective

A  anthropology, sociology, psychology, economics, and political science

B  family, religion, education, economics, and politics

C  nutrition, exercise, rest, well-being, and financial security

D  family, government, police, courts, and prisons

A  a group of several academic disciplines designed to understand the social world

B  a science that studies society, social interaction, and the external factors that influence groups of individuals.

C  a science focused on the distribution of the material goods and services of a society.

D  a science that focuses on the mental processes of individuals.

A  Social forces affect how social we become and the amount of social interactions we have with others.

B  Social forces have NOT been found to contribute to the decisions we make or our behaviors.

C  all of these

D  Social forces include history, culture, and environment and are found to impact our behaviors and the decisions we make.

A  Samantha is a part of an oligarchy.

B  Samantha works in a bureaucracy.

C  Samantha is in a voluntary association.

D  Samantha works in a non-profit organization.

A  Religion can provide everyday guidelines for living.

B  Religion is the foundation of government.

C  Religion clouds people’s rational judgment.

D  Religion is used to legitimate social inequality.

A  representative sampling

B  secondary analysis

C  content analysis

D  participant observation

A  none of these

B  symbolic interactionist perspective

C  functionalist perspective

D  conflict perspective

A  culture shock

B  folkway

C  subculture

D  counterculture

A  “McDonaldization of society”

B  “rationalization of society”

C  “credentialism of society”

D  “bureaucratization of society”

A  content analysis

B  survey research

C  participant observation

D  experimental design

A  Conflict Theory

B  Structural Functionalism

C  Social Exchange Theory

D  Symbolic Interactionism