Exam 1

A  A feminist

B  A structural functionalist

C  A conflict theorist

D  A symbolic interactionist

A  A feminist

B  A conflict theorist

C  A structural functionalist

D  A symbolic interactionist

A  The authoritarian devalue of an employee .

B  A status-based regime in which advancement is unlikely.

C  A bureaucracy where membership and advancement is based on proven and documented skills.

D  The removal of personal feelings from a professional situation.

A  Democratic

B  Authoritarian

C  Laissez-faire

D  Oligarchy

A  Clear division of labor

B  Impersonality

C  Explicit rules

D  Personality-based promotion

A  A coercive organization

B  A normative organization

C  A bureaucracy

D  A total institution

A  A primary group is small and impersonal; a secondary group is large and consists of face-to-face relationships.

B  A primary group is large and impersonal; a secondary group is small, consisting of emotional, face-to-face relationships.

C  A primary group is large and impersonal; a secondary group is small and purely instrumental in function.

D  A primary group is small, consisting of emotional face-to-face relationships; a secondary group is larger and impersonal.

A  Conflict

B  Exchange Theory

C  Structural Functionalism

D  Symbolic Interactionism

A  Exchange Theory

B  Conflict Theory

C  Structural Functionalism

D  Feminist Theory

A  A psychological phenomenon that is outside the realm of sociological study

B  A total institution

C  An excellent cross section of the population

D  An incomplete institution

A  A complete and permanent loss of herself.

B  Resocialization.

C  A shift in her reading habits.

D  A shift in her desire to enjoy life.

A  Buying Sarah a toy kitchen to play with.

B  Letting Kim wear pants to school.

C  Taking Jimmy to the aquarium.

D  Allowing Joey to sleep with his “blankey.”

A  Poor parenting

B  A degradation ceremony

C  The resocialization process

D  The looking-glass self

A  The media encourages society to base their appearances on visible public figures.

B  Personal identity isn’t influenced by outside social forces.

C  Self-esteem is directly correlated with body image.

D  People base their images on how they think other people see them.

A  Derek attends law school and becomes a lawyer, though he dreams of one day becoming the next John Grisham.

B  Becca returns to work after giving birth to her daughter, finding it difficult to act as mother, wife, and executive.

C  Alex takes a sabbatical from his job as a professor of Molecular Biology to raise his two young children.

D  Krista lands a role on Days of Our Lives and begins receiving fan mail from fans across the country.

A  Ascribed status

B  The Thomas Theorem

C  The looking-glass self

D  Achieved status

A  Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Horticultural; Agricultural

B  Pastoral; Hunter-gatherer; Horticultural; Agricultural

C  Pastoral; Agricultural, Hunter-gatherer; Horticultural

D  Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Agricultural; Horticultural

A  Charlotte is an intelligent teenager, but told by her step-sisters and cousins that she’s destined to a life of poverty and failure. Charlotte begins to do poorly in school, and eventually drops out.

B  Kevin sprained his ankle a month before a marathon. Though his trainer advises him not to participate, Kevin runs the marathon and places third.

C  Though encouraged by his parents to audition for Julliard, Jose believes he isn’t good enough to attend. After his audition, he expresses this reluctance to the admissions committee. They don’t admit him due to his lack of certainty.

D  Morgan overhears a professor predicting the economic recession will prevent entry-level graduates from finding gainful employment. Morgan goes on interviews but doesn’t bother preparing, convinced it’s a waste of time. Morgan appears unprofessional and is not hired.

A  More

B  Social relativism

C  Formal Sanction

D  Subculture

A  The yuppie craze of the 1980’s

B  The hippie movement of the 1960’s

C  The disco invasion of the 1970’s

D  The Kardashian obsession of the 2010’s

A  Making eye contact while speaking

B  Paying taxes

C  Crossing streets on cross-walks

D  Driving on the right hand side of the road

A  Federal laws and regulations.

B  Scripture found within the Bible.

C  The tenets or convictions that people hold to be true.

D  A culture’s standard for discerning what’s good and just in society.

A  Culture shock

B  Xenocentricism

C  Cultural imperialism

D  Material culture

A  Moral relativism

B  Xenocentrism

C  Paradigms

D  Ethnocentrism

A  Conducting a literature review prior to conducting an experiment

B  Using a control group and an experimental group during observation

C  Drawing conclusions from a study which the hypothesis did not predict

D  Observing study participants without their consent

A  The more positive reinforcement a parent gives a child, the better they do in school.

B  The more study halls students are given during the school day, the worse they perform on their tests.

C  The more CDs Jamilla buys, the less money she has in her bank account

D  The longer an inmate spends in prison, the more difficult it is for him to adapt to the outside world.

A  Independent variable: John; Dependent variable: Grades

B  Independent variable: Grades; Dependent variable: Number of laptops

C  Independent variable: Number of laptops; Dependent variable: Grades

D  Independent variable: Grades; Dependent variable: John

A  Experiments

B  Ethnography

C  Surveys

D  Secondary data analysis

A  Door to door sales pitches, cold calls, and press conferences.

B  Statistical methods such as surveys with large numbers of participants.

C  In-depth interviews, focus groups, and/or analysis of content sources as the source of its data.

D  Virtual interactivity, online polls, and online gaming.

A  Macro-level; micro-level.

B  They are both micro-level.

C  They are both macro-level.

D  Micro-level; macro-level.

A  Conflict Theory

B  Structural Functionalism

C  Symbolic Interactionism

D  Behaviorism

A  Isabelle reached an intellectual level normal for her age.

B  Isabelle surpassed the intellectual level of other children her age as a result of the intensive training.

C  Isabelle failed to benefit from the training because she was discovered too late, at the age of 13 years old.

D  By the age of 18 years old Isabelle was only able to achieve an intellectual level about half her age.

A  Genie died before the training could have an effect.

B  The training had little effect, and Genie lived a primitive lifestyle.

C  Genie was able to achieve a normal intellectual level after two years of training.

D  Genie surpassed the intellectual level of other children her age after two years of training.

A  children do not imitate the aggressive behavior that they observe.

B  children cry when they see aggressive behavior.

C  children imitate the aggressive behavior that they observe.

D  girls do not imitate aggressive behavior.

A  children who were raised in any type of orphanage have lower IQs than other children.

B  death rates are low in all types of orphanages.

C  all of these.

D  touch and bonds with others play an important role in one’s socialization, IQ, and health.

A  social environment

B  socialization

C  parenting

D  heredity

A  all of these.

B  associated with behavioral and academic problems.

C  is correlated to poverty.

D  can be explained by social learning theory.

A  beliefs, values, norms

B  weapons, clothing, folkways

C  mores, sanctions, machines

D  jewelry, art, hairstyles

A  Sociology is interested in the “doings of men” and observing individuals in their “natural habitat”.

B  Those who prefer to believe what they were taught or have “no interest in human beings” will not appreciate sociology.

C  A sociologist wants to understand the lives of others “on the other side of the river” and wants to understand what is going on “behind closed doors”.

D  A sociologist is a unique social scientist that rarely encounters other social scientists such as the historian, anthropologist, or psychologist.

A  Lewis Coser Jr.

B  Kai Ericson

C  Talcott Parsons

D  C. Wright Mills

A  the conflict perspective

B  the functionalist perspective

C  the symbolic interactionist perspective

D  the neo-conflict perspective

A  symbolic interactionist theory/perspective

B  the neo-conflict perspective

C  conflict theory/perspective

D  structural functionalist theory /perspective

A  structural functionalism

B  symbolic interactionism

C  conflict theory

D  functional analysis

A  From a conflict perspective Jim Jones took advantage of the disadvantaged individuals in society.

B  Jim Jones told his followers that he was God (symbolized God) which is part of the symbolic interactionist perspective.

C  all of these are correct.

D  Jim Jones and Jonestown provided all of the functions of religion to his followers.

A  all of these are steps in the social research process.

B  Analyze and share the results.

C  Select a topic and review the literature.

D  Choose a research method and collect the data.

A  all of these are goals of sociology

B  identify patterns of behavior

C  study external factors that affect individuals

D  none of these are goals of sociology

E  describe, explain, and predict human behavior

A  Only emotionally disturbed persons enjoy inflicting pain on others.

B  Most people conform to social norms, even when told to deviate from them by persons in authority.

C  Some people will inflict pain on others if ordered to do so by a person in a position of authority.

D  Electric shock treatments improve students’ abilities to learn.

A  Because of group pressure, most people are willing to say things they know are not true.

B  Americans are highly individualistic and reluctant to conform to group pressure.

C  Women are more susceptible to group pressure than men.

D  Younger people are more susceptible to group pressure than older adults.

A  an understanding of others in relation to history and the social structure of society

B  all of these

C  the impact social forces has on people’s lives

D  viewing events, issues, and the world from a sociological perspective

A  family, religion, education, economics, and politics

B  nutrition, exercise, rest, well-being, and financial security

C  anthropology, sociology, psychology, economics, and political science

D  family, government, police, courts, and prisons

A  a science focused on the distribution of the material goods and services of a society.

B  a science that studies society, social interaction, and the external factors that influence groups of individuals.

C  a science that focuses on the mental processes of individuals.

D  a group of several academic disciplines designed to understand the social world

A  Social forces have NOT been found to contribute to the decisions we make or our behaviors.

B  Social forces include history, culture, and environment and are found to impact our behaviors and the decisions we make.

C  Social forces affect how social we become and the amount of social interactions we have with others.

D  all of these

A  Samantha is a part of an oligarchy.

B  Samantha works in a bureaucracy.

C  Samantha is in a voluntary association.

D  Samantha works in a non-profit organization.

A  Religion is the foundation of government.

B  Religion can provide everyday guidelines for living.

C  Religion is used to legitimate social inequality.

D  Religion clouds people’s rational judgment.

A  content analysis

B  participant observation

C  representative sampling

D  secondary analysis

A  functionalist perspective

B  symbolic interactionist perspective

C  conflict perspective

D  none of these

A  subculture

B  culture shock

C  folkway

D  counterculture

A  “McDonaldization of society”

B  “credentialism of society”

C  “rationalization of society”

D  “bureaucratization of society”

A  experimental design

B  content analysis

C  participant observation

D  survey research

A  Structural Functionalism

B  Symbolic Interactionism

C  Conflict Theory

D  Social Exchange Theory