Third Midterm

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Question #1

Dr. Dunn says that she supports Erik Erikson’s model of development, which assumes that people pass through a universal sequence of age-related social and emotional changes during the life span. According to the text, Dr. Dunn supports the

A timing-of-events model.

B normative-sequential model.

C normative-stage model.

D idiosyncratic stage theory model.

Question #2

The term used for society’s norms or expectations for the appropriate timing-of-life events is the

A cohort time.

B individual clock.

C normative time.

D social clock.

Question #3

Jack is perceived by his friends as highly stubborn and impulsive. Considering the typological approach to personality development, Jack would be considered

A well-adjusted.

B undercontrolled.

C ego-resilient.

D overcontrolled.

Question #4

All of the following personality types reflect the typological model of personality except

A ego-resilient.

B overcontrolled.

C conflicted.

D undercontrolled.

Question #5

People who are shy, quiet, anxious, and dependable exhibit

A undercontrolled personalities.

B ego-controlled personalities.

C overcontrolled personalities.

D ego-resilient personalities.

Question #6

The five-factor model of personality emphasizes

A normative influences on adaptive mechanisms in mid-life.

B stability of personality characteristics over much of adult life.

C five crises that adolescents and young adults experience that produce instability in personality.

D personality changes that occur during middle childhood.

Question #7

Cathy is always willing to try new things. At dinner last night she sampled three new kinds of sushi. According to the five-factor model, Cathy would be described as

A open to experience.

B extraverted.

C neurotic.

D agreeable.

Question #8

According to the five-factor model, Steve, who is gregarious and assertive, would be described as

A neurotic.

B conscientious.

C extraverted.

D open to experience.

Question #9

According to the five-factor model, Alice, who is hostile and impulsive, would be described as

A extraverted.

B neurotic.

C agreeable.

D introverted.

Question #10

Betty has a profile on Facebook and has her smartphone with her at all times. Betty would be described as a

A Baby Boomer.

B Centenarian.

C Retiree.

D Millennial.

Question #11

Regular physical activity provides a number of benefits, including

A improved cardiovascular fitness.

B increased anxiety and stress.

C decreased muscle mass.

D early onset of osteoporosis.

Question #12

According to Schaie, an individual in the achieving stage is capable of

A acquiring knowledge for its own sake.

B solving practical problems associated with responsibilities to others.

C using knowledge to pursue goals.

D reorganizing his/her life and intellectual energies around meaningful pursuits.

Question #13

According to Schaie, an individual in the reorganizing stage is capable of

A solving practical problems associated with responsibilities to others.

B reorganizing his or her life and intellectual energies around meaningful pursuits.

C using knowledge to pursue goals.

D acquiring knowledge for its own sake.

Question #14

According to Schaie, an individual in the acquisitive stage is capable of

A reorganizing his/her life and intellectual energies around meaningful pursuits.

B using knowledge to pursue goals.

C acquiring knowledge for its own sake.

D solving practical problems associated with responsibilities to others.

Question #15

According to Schaie, an individual in the responsible stage is capable of

A acquiring knowledge for its own sake.

B reorganizing his/her life and intellectual energies around meaningful pursuits.

C using knowledge to pursue goals.

D solving practical problems associated with responsibilities to others.

Question #16

Edward always seems to know what to say to his boss to get on his good side. As a result, Edward has received three promotions over the last two years. Sternberg would suggest that Edward possesses

A critical knowledge.

B componential knowledge.

C tacit knowledge.

D inside knowledge.

Question #17

According to Kohlberg, which of the following stages of moral reasoning cannot be reached until late adolescence or young adulthood?

A Preconventional

B Conventional

C Postconventional

D Experiential

Question #18

Jane applies what she learns at work during her evenings out with friends. Jane’s carryover of knowledge is predicted by the

A delayed hypothesis.

B spillover hypothesis

C sluice gate theory.

D progressive syndrome.

Question #19

One major difference between Piaget’s cognitive development model and Schaie’s model of cognitive development is

A Schaie ignored childhood completely and Piaget focused only on childhood.

B Schaie’s models address cognitive development across the life span, while Piaget ended at adolescence.

C Piaget focused on the entire life span, while Schaie concentrated only on childhood and adolescence.

D Piaget’s model ignored the first five years of cognitive development, while Schaie’s model did not.

Question #20

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is

A experienced before the menstrual period and then declines.

B another term for dysmenorrhea, or menstrual cramps.

C an emotional disorder with no physical symptoms.

D of emotional origin without any other biological explanation.

Question #21

One of the benefits of being married is

A compromised physical and psychological health.

B more disabilities or chronic conditions.

C living longer.

D more opportunities to resolve conflict.

Question #22

The ability to recognize and deal with one’s own feelings and the feelings of others is called

A cognitive intelligence.

B intelligence.

C cognitive emotions.

D emotional intelligence.

Question #23

Dysmenorrhea is the medical term for

A premenstrual syndrome.

B painful menstruation.

C puberty in females.

D a digestive system failure.

Question #24

What is the term used to describe the search for autonomy and differentiation?

A Individuation

B Diffusion

C Moratorium

D Acceptance

Question #25

When his psychology teacher asks Billy what his plans after high school are, Billy just shrugs his shoulders and says, “I have not really thought about it much.” Marcia would place Billy in a state of

A identity foreclosure.

B identity diffusion.

C identity achievement.

D identity moratorium.

Question #26

When asked what she plans to become when she gets older, Sierra replies, “I am going into nursing just like my mother told me to.” Marcia would suggest that Sierra is in a state of

A identity achievement.

B identity moratorium.

C identity foreclosure.

D identity diffusion.

Question #27

Sabrina has thought about entering the field of medicine for several years. She went through a period of crisis before settling on this occupation. According to Marcia, what is her identity status?

A Foreclosure

B Identity diffusion

C Moratorium

D Identity achievement

Question #28

According to Erikson’s psychosocial theory, what is the name of the fifth stage of development and is experienced during adolescence?

A intimacy versus isolation

B identity versus role confusion

C initiative versus guilt

D industry versus inferiority

Question #29

James Marcia identifies four identity states or statuses, according to the presence or absence of

A crisis and commitment.

B foreclosure and moratorium.

C crisis and foreclosure.

D moratorium and commitment.

Question #30

Diane is 13 years old and is pondering her own talents, interests, and needs, as well as her place in society. According to Erikson, this struggle represents the crisis of

A autonomy versus shame and doubt.

B identity versus role confusion.

C intimacy versus isolation.

D industry versus inferiority.

Question #31

Hypothetical-deductive reasoning is characteristic of

A concrete operational thought.

B formal operational thought.

C sensorimotor thought.

D preoperational thought.

Question #32

A student’s desire to learn for the sake of learning is called

A self-efficacy.

B inward achievement.

C extrinsic motivation.

D intrinsic motivation.

Question #33

A parent that is never satisfied with their children’s good grades and will punish for poor grades engages in

A authoritative parenting.

B permissive parenting.

C neglectful parenting.

D authoritarian parenting.

Question #34

According to research described in the text, parents of high school students who earned the highest grades were likely to be

A inconsistent.

B authoritative.

C permissive.

D authoritarian.

Question #35

The awareness and monitoring of one’s own mental processes and strategies is called

A processing.

B metacognition.

C bilateral cognition.

D cognition.

Question #36

Lucy solves a chemistry problem by systematically testing several hypotheses. She is at which stage of cognitive development, according to Piaget?

A Preoperational

B Concrete operations

C Sensorimotor

D Formal operations

Question #37

Miranda has not eaten any food for the last three days. She has lost so much weight recently that her bones are showing through her skin. Even then, when Miranda looks in the mirror, she sees a person who needs to lose another ten pounds. This behavioral pattern is most consistent with

A anorexia nervosa.

B bulimia nervosa.

C yo-yo dieting.

D binge eating disorder.

Question #38

Secret gorging on food followed by vomiting, fasting, or purging with use of laxatives is characteristic of

A bulimia nervosa.

B obese teenagers.

C anorexia nervosa.

D compulsive dieters.

Question #39

Annabeth often eats to excess, consuming very large quantities of food in one sitting. This pattern of food consumption is most consistent with

A anorexia nervosa.

B yo-yo dieting.

C binge eating disorder.

D bulimic neurosis.

Question #40

Before the 20th century, there was no concept of adolescence; children moved to adulthood either through physical maturity or when they began apprenticeships. Adolescence is

A a sign of puberty.

B a genetically determined stage.

C an arbitrary state.

D a social construction.

Question #41

Michelle is seeing a therapist one-on-one, to help her with her fear of school. Michelle is seeking which form of treatment?

A Group therapy

B Administrative therapy

C Individual therapy

D Soloist therapy

Question #42

A pattern of defiance and hostility toward adult authority lasting at least six months is called

A conduct disorder.

B fear of leaving one’s mother.

C oppositional defiant disorder.

D bipolar disorder.

Question #43

Roxanne just posted embarrassing photos of her ex-best friend on several social media sites. Roxanne is engaging in

A overt aggression.

B proactive bullying.

C cyberbullying.

D reactive bullying.

Question #44

Colton wanted another child’s toy at school and behaved aggressively to get it. Once Colton got the toy he walked away. This is an example of

A hostile attribution bias.

B instrumental aggression.

C self-fulfilling prophecy.

D hostile personality disorder.

Question #45

Based on measures of sociometric popularity, a child who receives many positive nominations would be classified as

A average.

B rejected.

C popular.

D neglected.

Question #46

Which of the following pairs of siblings is most likely to quarrel?

A Older brother and younger sister

B Older sister and younger brother

C Two girls

D Two boys

Question #47

Traditionally, information about adoptions, especially the identity of the birth mother, was kept secret. In recent years, the adoption parties have shared information or had direct contact. This process is called

A shared adoption.

B open adoption.

C communicative adoption.

D direct adoption.

Question #48

Research has provided considerable evidence that children do better when raised in families with two biological parents or two parents who adopted the child in infancy. What type of family is this called?

A A nontraditional family.

B A reconstituted family.

C A traditional family.

D A blended family.

Question #49

A child caring for himself or herself at home without adult supervision is engaged in

A self-control.

B self-discipline.

C self-care.

D self-esteem.

Question #50

Erikson’s developmental crisis of middle childhood (from about 6 to 12 years) is

A industry versus inferiority.

B autonomy versus shame and doubt.

C trust versus mistrust.

D identity versus role confusion.

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