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Question #1

Cesar Chavez, one of the most important Mexican American activists, led the 11965 Delano grape strike. What was the purpose of this action?

A gaining technological advances in farming that would reduce the need for migrant labor

B eliminating grapes grown in Mexico from the American market

C gaining better wages for grape workers

D raising awareness about the dangers of pesticide use

Question #2

The English encouraged intermarriage between the colonizers and indigenous women, a practice they thought would help stabilize the region.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #3

What is one thing that the Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlawed?

A discrimination on the basis of race in restaurants

B the funding of public schools with local proerty taxes

C antimiscegenation laws in southern states

D discrimination on the basis of physical disability in schools

Question #4

The U.S. government program that ran from 1942 through 1964 to recruit Mexican nationals and has been referred to as “legalized slavery” was called the Colonias Program.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #5

Which of the following life experiences has been linked to job loss, depression, residential instability, and relocating to poorer, more violent neighborhoods and is twice as likely to happen to women as men?

A eviction

B marriage

C incarceration

D divorce

Question #6

What is one way the Federal Housing Administration contributed to the eclusion of nonwhites from the private housing market?

A urban renewal projects

B increased rent in city apartments

C loan denial to nonwhites

D property deeds

Question #7

Why are Native American reservations often the target of environmental racism, such as locations for dump sites and mining operations?

A Native Americans do not believe that the proximity to this waste is harmful.

B Those living on the reservation do not care about the environment or their land.

C The taxes are too high for corporation dump sites in cities.

D Reservations are not subject to state regulations about dumping.

Question #8

Following World War II, suburban America exploded due in large part to homebuilding funded by the Taft-Harley Act.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #9

While numerous groups such as Black Girls have tried to encourage women of color to enter industries traditionally dominated by white males, such women continue to be underrepresented in top levels of employment in these industries. What term do sociologists use to describe this phenomenon?

A the cement wall

B the spilt labor market

C the glass escalator

D the glass ceiling

Question #10

What is an “ethnic enclave”?

A a group of immigrants who are forcibly contained in one place

B a semiautonomous economy, large or small, that is owned, operated and managed by members of the same immigrant or ethnic community

C an urban center where people of various nationalities interact and participate in local commerce

D a group of recent immigrants who participate in collective child raising and caregiving

Question #11

Assuming that President Barack Obama would advocate exclusively for the interests of people of color simply because he is a person of color is an example of the tokenistic fallacy.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #12

Who has attempted to secure political advantage through gerrymandering?

A all political parties

B Libertarians

C Republicans

D Democrats

Question #13

Contemporary welfare programs tend to focus on changing individual behavior – teaching clients to be more responsible, productive workers – rather than on addressing systematic inequality. In what tradition do such programs follow?

A affirmative action

B Daniel Patrick Moynihan’s report, The Negro Family

C nonviolent resistance

D the Southern Strategy

Question #14

_______________ occurs when a forreign power invades a territory and establishes enduring systems of exploitation and domination over that territory’s indigenous populations.

A annexation

B colonization

C immigration

D institutionalization

Question #15

Who were the first Europeans to colonize the Americas?

A The English

B The Irish

C The Dutch

D The Spanish

Question #16

The ratification of the _______________ Amendment extended citizenship rights to blacks.

A 15th

B 1st

C 14th

D 13th

Question #17

From 1600 to 1900, over _______ of America’s indigenous peoples died as a direct result of European colonization.

A 50%

B 90%

C 70%

D 30%

Question #18

A person who understands racism as simply the personal prejudices of “racist” people is operating under which fallacy about racism?

A ahistorical fallacy

B tokenistic fallacy

C individualistic fallacy

D legalistic fallacy

E fixed fallacy

Question #19

Ethnicity is a fixed category that does not change based on the social and historical context.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #20

Someone who believes that Barack Obama’s election signifies the end of racism in America is operating under which fallacy about racism?

A legalistic fallacy

B fixed fallacy

C tokenistic fallacy

D individualistic fallacy

E ahistorical fallacy

Question #21

Which of the following racial groups has/have the highest rate of poverty in the United States?

A White Americans

B Native Americans

C Hispanic Americans and Native Americans

D African Americans and Native Americans

E African Americans

Question #22

The tendency of schools and universities to teach students about the accomplishments of white Americans and ignore those of people of color is an example of?

A interpersonal racism

B covert racism

C institutional racism

D overt racism

Question #23

For the Native Americans, the process of white colonialism brought inflictions on their bodies, their spirits, and their lands. What is one example given in the textbook of how Native Americans experienced violence “on their spirits”?

A bullet wounds

B cultural reeducation

C disease

D eradication of public property

Question #24

From the end of the nineteenth century to the 1970s, thousands of Native Americans and African Americans, as well as people deemed mentally retarded or criminal, were sterilized against their will. This phenomenon was an example of what?

A assimilation

B polarization

C Jim Crow Laws

D eugenics

Question #25

Which event effectively ended the 350-year-old Indian Wars?

A the Trail of Tears

B the Indian Allotment Act

C the Wounded Knee Massacre

D the Indian Reservation Act

Question #26

How did the United States acquire the land that today is New Mexico, Caliifornia, Utah, Nevada, parts of Arizona, and disputed areas of Texas?

A Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

B Bracero Program

C The Monroe Doctrine

D Manifest Destiny

Question #27

Author Michelle Alexander recently coined the term “the new Jim Crow” to discuss the rapid rise of mass incarceration among the black population in the United States.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #28

The term “Jim Crow” originated fromCongressman James Crow, who implemented a series of laws regulating the segregation of blacks and whites.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #29

The 1676 Bacon’s Rebellion immediately preceded the Emancipation Proclamation and the abolition of slavery.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #30

From 1600 to 1900, appoximately 75 percent of America’s indigenous peopls died as a direct result of European colonization.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #31

Two friends are arguing over the results of a recent NBA draft. Alex tells Jorge that his favorite team should have picked more black players because they naturally have more athletic skill and everyone knows “white men can’t jump.” Jorge calls Alex out for basing his argument on:

A institutional racism

B interpersonal racism

C biological determinism

D social constructivism

Question #32

The authors of the textbook invite you to understand race and ethnicity through a sociological lens. C. Wright Mills coined the term ” _______________________,” which means understanding and interpreting everyday life not only though one’s own personal experience but also through the exploration of __________ that structure and direct our social world.

A sociological lens; cultural influences

B aggregated analysis; variables

C interpretative analysis; broader economic forces

D sociological imagination; broader historical forces

Question #33

While blacks were granted the right of citizenship in 1870 as part of the Reconstruction Amendments after the Civil War, other nonwhites were denied citizenship until:

A the 1960s

B the 1890s

C the 1920s

D the 1940s

Question #34

The Johnson-Reed Act of 1924, with its imposition of national quotas and racial restrictions, contributed to the U.S. racial order by:

A creating a symbolic boundary between ancestry and phenotype in racial classification

B distinguishing all Europeans as part of a white race, distinct from all those considered nonwhite

C blaming immigrants for the rise of urban poverty and class conflict

D producing rigid immigration controls that gave rise to illegal border-crossing

Question #35

George’s father is an African American, and his mother is white American. Mike’s father is a white Italian, and his mother is a white American. Why does Mike have a higher degree of fluidity and freedom when self-identifying ethnically?

A because whites are better at “performing” eethnic identity

B because Mike’s father is from a different country

C because George’s black identity is stigmatized

D ()

Question #36

Racial categories are bound to their specific social and _______________ contexts, meaning that such boundaries are not the same in India as in South America.

A familial

B tribal

C economic

D historical

Question #37

A person’s ____________________ is his or her family lineage, which often includes tribal, regional, or national affiliation.

A ethnicity

B ancestry

C phenotype

D race

Question #38

A person’s ____________________ is his or her physical appearance, including skeletal structure, height, hair texture, eye color, and skin tone.

A ethnicity

B phenotype

C race

D ancestry

Question #39

The current _____________________ in the United States delineates five major groups.

A homogenizing heading

B ethnic variation

C cultural schema

D racial taxonomy

Question #40

Race is a ______________________ category that is misrecognized as a ___________________ category.

A symbolic; natural

B symbolic; cultural

C cultural; biological

D biological; genetic

Question #41

Almost half of all new immigrants since the 1990s have settled in integrated urban neighborhoods.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #42

What is the social force driving the transformation of the racial makeup of many majority-white small towns?

A deindustrialization

B whites moving into city centers

C environmental racism

D immigration

Question #43

What is the one consequence of environmental racism?

A lack of opportunity for cultural enrichment

B access to only poor quality homes with unsafe structures

C lack of access to good jobs requiring an advancedd education and providing benefits

D disproportionately high rates of health problems such as cancer and lung disease

Question #44

A the “blemish of poverty”

B the “stigma of the poor”

C the “blemish of place”

D the “redneck stigma”

Question #45

According to Massey and Denton, how did the “hyperghetto” form?

A Urban renewal created overcrowded skims full of only low income families.

B Redlining prevented ghettos from any type of urban renewal, so the low-income areas just kept declining.

C Legalized segregation forced all blacks into one geographical area.

D Middle-and upper-class blacks fled the ghetto after legal segregation was overturned, leaving only low-income families.

Question #46

What two factors contribute to many black and Latino families facing the burden of rising housing costs?

A exclusion from both safe neighborhoods and well-paying jobs

B inclusion in the labor market and exclusion from the mortgage market

C exclusion from well-paying jobs and increased taxes on low-income earners

D exclusion from both well-paying jobs and the mortgage market

Question #47

A banker that refused to give financially qualified buyers a mortgage because their desired home was in a nonwhite area marked as too risky for a loan is an example of redlining.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #48

Eviction has been linked to job loss, depression, residential instability, and relocating to poorer, more violent neighborhoods and is twice as likely to happen to women as men.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #49

Some factors that contributed to the Great Migration were job shortages in the South due to a decline in the price of cotton and job vacanies in the North due to a decrease in European immigration.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #50

African Americans in many metropolitan areas live in a condition of hypersegregation.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #51

Little Italy in New York City, where a number of Italian Americans have lived and owned businesses for generations, is an example of what?

A an ethnic enclave

B an immigrant consortium

C a cosmopolitan canopy

Question #52

__________ women are more likely to return to welfare than white women for many reasons, including the fact that ________________________________________.

A White; there are more white women in the United States than there are black and Hispanic women

B Black and Hispanic; white women who receive welfare are less likely to be married than women of color are

C Black and Hispanic; women of color face more obstacles in the labor market

D White; women of color tend to have a stronger “private safety net” than white women do

Question #53

What was the name of the policy put forward by President Bill Clinton that placed restrictions on how long families could receive welfare?

A Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

B Earned Income Tax Credit

C Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act

D Aid to Families with Dependent Children

Question #54

A national homebuilder developing a new home community needs to hire farmers, plumbers, painters, electricians, and other construction workers. There are plenty of qualififed, unionized, nonimmigrant job applicants, but the builder chooses to hire mostly Mexican immigrants. According to sociologist Edna Bonacich, this choice reflects the existence of:

A A tight labor market

B equal opportunity employment laws

C A split labor market

D community college training programs

Question #55

As a result of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 and the 1980 Refugee Act, refugees, asylum seekers, and undocumented immigrants were no longer permitted entry to the United States.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #56

Between 1984 and 2009, the wealth gap between white and black families nearly tripled.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #57

The New Deal allowed people of color greater access to mortgage loans and desegregated neighborhoods, which in turrn provided opportunities for them to build household wealth.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #58

Out of all racial groups, African Americans prospered the most following World War II.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #59

Which of the following racial-ethnic groups is most likely to vote Republican?

A Puero Rican Americans

B Mexican Americans

C Cuban Americans

D African Americans

Question #60

The 1969 occupation of Alcatraz Island, in which protestors demanded the island be released for the explicit development of Indian education, lasted how long?

A 7 months

B 19 months

C 4 years

D 5 days

Question #61

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibited voter discrimination, outlawed literacy tests, and gave the federal government power to oversee voter registration.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #62

The Selma-to-Montgomery march was the famous march in which activists walked along a stretch of land in which no black people were registered to vote.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #63

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlawed the antimiscegenation laws in southern states.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #64

The church served as the institutional hub of the Civil Rights Movement.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #65

The 1875 Page Law, which intended to bar Chinese prostitutes to the United States, had what effect?

A It allowed Chinese families to flourish.

B It increased rates of marriage between Chinese men and White American women.

C It virtually eradicated prostitution throughout the country.

D It barred virtually all Chinese women from American shores.

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