Second Midterm

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Question #1

A main criterion for giftedness is a high general intelligence, which is proven by an IQ score of

A 100

B 70

C 130 or higher.

D 90

Question #2

A disorder that interferes with specific areas of school achievement like listening, speaking, reading, writing, or mathematics is seen as a learning

A mystery.

B disturbance.

C malfunction.

D disability.

Question #3

Tilley believes she can master her schoolwork and enjoys her learning; she demonstrates high

A self-efficacy.

B self-effort.

C self-efficiency.

D self-elaboration.

Question #4

Anthea is people smart. She is good at reading the feelings and emotions of others and can predict other people’s intentions. According to Gardner, for which occupation is Anthea well suited?

A author

B tour guide

C social worker

D critic

Question #5

Terry often gets lost when driving places. It seems he just can’t understand maps and often confuses north with south. Terry is probably weak in which type of intelligence?

A kinesthetic

B linguistic

C spatial

D logical

Question #6

Jim loves the outdoors. He is interested in different types of plants and flowers and also likes digging for fossils and old artifacts. Jim is most likely strong in which type of intelligence?

A logical

B naturalist

C linguistic

D kinesthetic

Question #7

A school program for gifted children that deepens the learned knowledge and skills with extra classroom activities is called

A a brainiac program.

B an enrichment program.

C an aptitude program.

D an intellectual program.

Question #8

Mario recognizes his brain has the capacity to allow him to memorize his multiplication tables. Mario is demonstrating the use of his

A memory.

B cognition.

C metamemory.

D thinking.

Question #9

Felipe loves to line up all of his cars and trucks by size; Felipe has accomplished understanding of the concept of

A inclusion.

B inference.

C seriation.

D conservation.

Question #10

Which of the following is NOT a feature of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?

A the ability to pay close attention to many details

B a short attention span

C restlessness

D impulsive, disorganized behavior

Question #11

Which of the following types of child maltreatment is characterized by a failure to provide for the child’s basic needs?

A emotional abuse

B physical abuse

C sexual abuse

D child neglect

Question #12

Which of the following types of child maltreatment occurs most often?

A physical abuse

B sexual abuse

C child neglect

D emotional abuse

Question #13

Physical or verbal aggression that is openly directed at a target is called

A internal aggression.

B instrumental aggression.

C overt aggression.

D relational aggression.

Question #14

Gannon does not wish to hurt his brother, Cole, but he does push him to get the tractor Cole is playing with. Gannon is demonstrating what type of aggression?

A independent

B instrumental

C initiative

D innovative

Question #15

Without being told, Tanya has noticed that her friend Carrie needs her blue crayon; she shares it readily in an act of

A aptitude.

B altruism.

C attitude.

D altitude.

Question #16

A parenting style with an emphasis on control and unquestioning obedience is called

A authoritative parenting.

B authoritarian parenting.

C permissive parenting.

D corporal parenting.

Question #17

The pioneering research of which researcher was BEST known for studying various parenting styles in families?

A Sigmund Freud

B Diana Baumrind

C Albert Bandura

D Jean Piaget

Question #18

Ignoring, isolating, or showing dislike for a child is best called the withdrawal of

A care.

B attention.

C compassion.

D love.

Question #19

Children’s play environments are affected by what adults set up for them, the frequency of their play, and the form of their play, which are all related to what type of values?

A communicative

B comparative

C cooperative

D cultural

Question #20

Josh is having a great time repeatedly racing himself down the sidewalk. Josh is taking part in what type of play?

A dramatic

B functional

C constructive

D pretend

Question #21

When a child is able to speak while intending the words to be understood by a listener, he or she is showing aspects of

A private speech.

B social speech.

C literate speech.

D pragmatic speech.

Question #22

A gap between what a child is already able to do and what she or he is not quite ready to accomplish alone is called the zone of

A proximate development.

B proximal development.

C progressive development.

D processing development.

Question #23

Putting information into a mental folder for filing in our memory is called

A uncoding.

B decoding.

C encoding.

D recoding.

Question #24

Five-year-old Seth was just presented with a conservation-of-liquid task. When asked if both glasses contain the same amount of water, or if one contains more, Seth is likely to say,

A “the tall glass has more”.

B “the third glass is full”.

C “the short glass has more”.

D “both glasses have the same”.

Question #25

What is a morpheme?

A the combination of phrases that lead to discourse

B the smallest unit of sound a given language recognizes

C the combination of consonants and vowels in speech

D the smallest unit of sound with recognizable meaning

Question #26

4-year-old Bradley performs a conservation task. Bradley has difficulty completing the tasks because he is at what Piagetian stage of cognitive development?

A concrete operations

B sensorimotor

C formal operations

D preoperational

Question #27

Paul attempted to draw shapes. One shape gave him a hard time, namely, a triangle. This shape has sharper corners and connections, which could require greater skills in which area?

A gross motor

B handedness

C fine motor

D ambidexterity

Question #28

You are opening a daycare center and want to do some teaching to help develop fine motor skills in children. Which of the following would be a good aide?

A a jump rope

B thin pens and pencils

C balls to throw

D a book with alphabet letters

Question #29

What is a phoneme?

A the smallest unit of sound with recognizable meaning

B the smallest unit of sound a given language recognizes

C the combination of consonants and vowels in speech

D the combination of phrases that lead to discourse

Question #30

Talking aloud to oneself with no intent to communicate with others is called

A pragmatic speech.

B social speech.

C private speech.

D literate speech

Question #31

Eric Erikson’s second crisis, which begins at eighteen months and ends about three years of age, is called

A identity versus confusion.

B integrity versus despair.

C trust versus basic mistrust.

D autonomy versus shame and doubt.

Question #32

If a baby feels comfortable as long as his mother is around, he would be described by Ainsworth as being

A ambivalently attached.

B disorganizedly attached.

C securely attached.

D avoidantly attached.

Question #33

Attachment theory was developed by

A Bowlby and Ainsworth.

B Watson and Skinner.

C Erikson and Piaget.

D Kohlberg and Gilligan.

Question #34

What is the process by which infant and caregiver can communicate emotional states to each other and respond appropriately?

A Intergenerational transmission

B Social referencing

C Mutual regulation

D Internalization

Question #35

Babies with what type of attachment are flexible and resilient in the face of stress?

A disorganized-disordered

B secure

C ambivalent

D avoidant

Question #36

The stage of developing trust begins in infancy and continues until about

A 3 years of age.

B 36 months of age.

C 18 months of age.

D 2 years of age.

Question #37

Erikson argued that our first challenge as babies involves the issue of

A identity.

B belonging

C trust.

D succor.

Question #38

The classic, laboratory-based technique designed to assess attachment patterns between an infant and an adult is called the

A Ambivalence Situation.

B Secure Attachment methodology.

C Strange Situation.

D Stranger Danger dynamic.

Question #39

What is a relatively stable individual difference suggested by research, perhaps because it is largely inborn and strongly influenced by genetics?

A tolerance

B tenacity

C temperance

D temperament

Question #40

Goodness of fit describes the match between a person’s temperament and his or her

A emotion.

B personality.

C behavior.

D environment.

Question #41

The goals of psychometric testing are to measure the factors that make up intelligence and the results of that measurement,

A quota numbers.

B qualitatively.

C quantitatively.

D questioningly.

Question #42

The study of the basic mechanics of learning and how behavior changes in response to experience is of interest to developmental psychologist who take which approach to human development?

A social-contextual

B psychometric

C behavioral

D cognitive

Question #43

According to Chomsky, what do children have that enables them to infer linguistic rules from the language they hear?

A a language acquisition device

B a syntax detector

C a cultural adaptation model

D a sensory register

Question #44

Baby Chase is presented with a bright red rattle. After several seconds of looking, he loses interest. Chase is then presented with a bright green rattle and his attention returns to a high level. What term describes Chase’s loss of interest in the red rattle?

A dishabituation

B a novelty preference

C a familiarity preference

D habituation

Question #45

What is the term used to describe the mutual interactions with adults that help shape children’s activities?

A graded participation

B led participation

C guided participation

D structured participation

Question #46

Infants learn about themselves and their world through their developing sensory and motor activity in which stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development?

A formal

B post-formal

C sensorimotor

D operational

Question #47

The sensorimotor stage of Piaget’s cognitive theory of development includes what age group?

A eight to twelve years old

B birth to two years old

C twelve to eighteen years old

D two to eight years old

Question #48

Which of the following is Piaget’s stage of cognitive development for infancy?

A formal operational

B concrete operational

C preoperational

D sensorimotor

Question #49

Learning based on association of behavior with its consequences is called

A information processing

B operant conditioning.

C classical conditioning.

D cognition.

Question #50

Learning based on associating a stimulus that does not ordinarily elicit a response with another stimulus that does elicit the response is called

A operant conditioning.

B information processing.

C classical conditioning.

D cognition.

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