Second Midterm

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Question #1

A main criterion for giftedness is a high general intelligence, which is proven by an IQ score of

A 70

B 130 or higher.

C 100

D 90

Question #2

A disorder that interferes with specific areas of school achievement like listening, speaking, reading, writing, or mathematics is seen as a learning

A malfunction.

B disability.

C mystery.

D disturbance.

Question #3

Tilley believes she can master her schoolwork and enjoys her learning; she demonstrates high

A self-elaboration.

B self-effort.

C self-efficiency.

D self-efficacy.

Question #4

Anthea is people smart. She is good at reading the feelings and emotions of others and can predict other people’s intentions. According to Gardner, for which occupation is Anthea well suited?

A tour guide

B social worker

C author

D critic

Question #5

Terry often gets lost when driving places. It seems he just can’t understand maps and often confuses north with south. Terry is probably weak in which type of intelligence?

A kinesthetic

B spatial

C logical

D linguistic

Question #6

Jim loves the outdoors. He is interested in different types of plants and flowers and also likes digging for fossils and old artifacts. Jim is most likely strong in which type of intelligence?

A linguistic

B logical

C naturalist

D kinesthetic

Question #7

A school program for gifted children that deepens the learned knowledge and skills with extra classroom activities is called

A an aptitude program.

B an intellectual program.

C a brainiac program.

D an enrichment program.

Question #8

Mario recognizes his brain has the capacity to allow him to memorize his multiplication tables. Mario is demonstrating the use of his

A metamemory.

B memory.

C thinking.

D cognition.

Question #9

Felipe loves to line up all of his cars and trucks by size; Felipe has accomplished understanding of the concept of

A inference.

B inclusion.

C conservation.

D seriation.

Question #10

Which of the following is NOT a feature of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?

A impulsive, disorganized behavior

B the ability to pay close attention to many details

C a short attention span

D restlessness

Question #11

Which of the following types of child maltreatment is characterized by a failure to provide for the child’s basic needs?

A child neglect

B sexual abuse

C emotional abuse

D physical abuse

Question #12

Which of the following types of child maltreatment occurs most often?

A physical abuse

B child neglect

C emotional abuse

D sexual abuse

Question #13

Physical or verbal aggression that is openly directed at a target is called

A relational aggression.

B internal aggression.

C overt aggression.

D instrumental aggression.

Question #14

Gannon does not wish to hurt his brother, Cole, but he does push him to get the tractor Cole is playing with. Gannon is demonstrating what type of aggression?

A instrumental

B independent

C initiative

D innovative

Question #15

Without being told, Tanya has noticed that her friend Carrie needs her blue crayon; she shares it readily in an act of

A aptitude.

B attitude.

C altruism.

D altitude.

Question #16

A parenting style with an emphasis on control and unquestioning obedience is called

A permissive parenting.

B authoritative parenting.

C corporal parenting.

D authoritarian parenting.

Question #17

The pioneering research of which researcher was BEST known for studying various parenting styles in families?

A Diana Baumrind

B Sigmund Freud

C Jean Piaget

D Albert Bandura

Question #18

Ignoring, isolating, or showing dislike for a child is best called the withdrawal of

A care.

B attention.

C compassion.

D love.

Question #19

Children’s play environments are affected by what adults set up for them, the frequency of their play, and the form of their play, which are all related to what type of values?

A comparative

B cooperative

C cultural

D communicative

Question #20

Josh is having a great time repeatedly racing himself down the sidewalk. Josh is taking part in what type of play?

A dramatic

B pretend

C functional

D constructive

Question #21

When a child is able to speak while intending the words to be understood by a listener, he or she is showing aspects of

A literate speech.

B social speech.

C pragmatic speech.

D private speech.

Question #22

A gap between what a child is already able to do and what she or he is not quite ready to accomplish alone is called the zone of

A proximate development.

B processing development.

C progressive development.

D proximal development.

Question #23

Putting information into a mental folder for filing in our memory is called

A recoding.

B decoding.

C uncoding.

D encoding.

Question #24

Five-year-old Seth was just presented with a conservation-of-liquid task. When asked if both glasses contain the same amount of water, or if one contains more, Seth is likely to say,

A “both glasses have the same”.

B “the tall glass has more”.

C “the short glass has more”.

D “the third glass is full”.

Question #25

What is a morpheme?

A the smallest unit of sound a given language recognizes

B the smallest unit of sound with recognizable meaning

C the combination of consonants and vowels in speech

D the combination of phrases that lead to discourse

Question #26

4-year-old Bradley performs a conservation task. Bradley has difficulty completing the tasks because he is at what Piagetian stage of cognitive development?

A preoperational

B concrete operations

C sensorimotor

D formal operations

Question #27

Paul attempted to draw shapes. One shape gave him a hard time, namely, a triangle. This shape has sharper corners and connections, which could require greater skills in which area?

A handedness

B ambidexterity

C gross motor

D fine motor

Question #28

You are opening a daycare center and want to do some teaching to help develop fine motor skills in children. Which of the following would be a good aide?

A a book with alphabet letters

B a jump rope

C balls to throw

D thin pens and pencils

Question #29

What is a phoneme?

A the smallest unit of sound a given language recognizes

B the combination of consonants and vowels in speech

C the combination of phrases that lead to discourse

D the smallest unit of sound with recognizable meaning

Question #30

Talking aloud to oneself with no intent to communicate with others is called

A private speech.

B pragmatic speech.

C social speech.

D literate speech

Question #31

Eric Erikson’s second crisis, which begins at eighteen months and ends about three years of age, is called

A autonomy versus shame and doubt.

B trust versus basic mistrust.

C integrity versus despair.

D identity versus confusion.

Question #32

If a baby feels comfortable as long as his mother is around, he would be described by Ainsworth as being

A securely attached.

B ambivalently attached.

C avoidantly attached.

D disorganizedly attached.

Question #33

Attachment theory was developed by

A Erikson and Piaget.

B Kohlberg and Gilligan.

C Watson and Skinner.

D Bowlby and Ainsworth.

Question #34

What is the process by which infant and caregiver can communicate emotional states to each other and respond appropriately?

A Intergenerational transmission

B Internalization

C Social referencing

D Mutual regulation

Question #35

Babies with what type of attachment are flexible and resilient in the face of stress?

A secure

B disorganized-disordered

C ambivalent

D avoidant

Question #36

The stage of developing trust begins in infancy and continues until about

A 36 months of age.

B 2 years of age.

C 18 months of age.

D 3 years of age.

Question #37

Erikson argued that our first challenge as babies involves the issue of

A trust.

B identity.

C belonging

D succor.

Question #38

The classic, laboratory-based technique designed to assess attachment patterns between an infant and an adult is called the

A Stranger Danger dynamic.

B Ambivalence Situation.

C Strange Situation.

D Secure Attachment methodology.

Question #39

What is a relatively stable individual difference suggested by research, perhaps because it is largely inborn and strongly influenced by genetics?

A tenacity

B temperance

C temperament

D tolerance

Question #40

Goodness of fit describes the match between a person’s temperament and his or her

A emotion.

B personality.

C environment.

D behavior.

Question #41

The goals of psychometric testing are to measure the factors that make up intelligence and the results of that measurement,

A quota numbers.

B qualitatively.

C questioningly.

D quantitatively.

Question #42

The study of the basic mechanics of learning and how behavior changes in response to experience is of interest to developmental psychologist who take which approach to human development?

A cognitive

B psychometric

C social-contextual

D behavioral

Question #43

According to Chomsky, what do children have that enables them to infer linguistic rules from the language they hear?

A a syntax detector

B a cultural adaptation model

C a sensory register

D a language acquisition device

Question #44

Baby Chase is presented with a bright red rattle. After several seconds of looking, he loses interest. Chase is then presented with a bright green rattle and his attention returns to a high level. What term describes Chase’s loss of interest in the red rattle?

A a novelty preference

B a familiarity preference

C habituation

D dishabituation

Question #45

What is the term used to describe the mutual interactions with adults that help shape children’s activities?

A graded participation

B guided participation

C structured participation

D led participation

Question #46

Infants learn about themselves and their world through their developing sensory and motor activity in which stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development?

A sensorimotor

B operational

C post-formal

D formal

Question #47

The sensorimotor stage of Piaget’s cognitive theory of development includes what age group?

A twelve to eighteen years old

B eight to twelve years old

C birth to two years old

D two to eight years old

Question #48

Which of the following is Piaget’s stage of cognitive development for infancy?

A concrete operational

B formal operational

C preoperational

D sensorimotor

Question #49

Learning based on association of behavior with its consequences is called

A classical conditioning.

B operant conditioning.

C information processing

D cognition.

Question #50

Learning based on associating a stimulus that does not ordinarily elicit a response with another stimulus that does elicit the response is called

A cognition.

B operant conditioning.

C classical conditioning.

D information processing.

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