Exam 1

A  CT scans

B  PET scans

C  pneumoencephalography

D  X-ray photography

E  cerebral angiography

A  explicit memories.

B  semantic memories.

C  episodic memories.

D  implicit memories.

E  short-term memories.

A  its reflectance and the proportion of light of different wavelengths that it reflects.

B  all of these

C  the dominant wavelength that it reflects.

D  the dominant wavelength that it reflects and its reflectance.

A  EEG

B  functional MRI

C  angiography

D  CT

E  PET

A  produce longer lasting effects.

B  produce effects that take longer to develop.

C  all of these

D  produce effects that are more diffuse.

E  are more prevalent.

A  have rectangular receptive fields.

B  all of these

C  respond to contrast.

D  respond best to straight-line stimuli in a particular orientation.

E  are unresponsive to diffuse light.

A  WAIS.

B  Psychiatric Test Inventory (PTI).

C  ERP

D  dichotic listening test.

E  sodium amytal test.

A  metabolism.

B  expulsion.

C  excitation.

D  synthesis.

E  exocytosis.

A  type A or type B cells.

B  simple cells or complex cells.

C  hypercomplex cells.

D  complex cells or hypercomplex cells.

E  on-center or off-center cells.

A  the photopic system.

B  rods.

C  duplexity.

D  the scotopic system.

E  rhodopsin.

A  the release of calcium ions from the buttons.

B  an efflux of sodium ions.

C  an influx of calcium ions.

D  the sodium-potassium pump.

E  the arrival of an AP at the axon hillock.

A  retinal ganglion cell layer, horizontal cell layer, receptor layer and retinal ganglion cell layer, amacrine cell layer, receptor layer

B  none of the choices

C  all of these

D  receptor layer, bipolar cell layer, retinal ganglion cell layer and retinal ganglion cell layer, horizontal cell layer, receptor layer

A  the complementary color afterimage demonstration.

B  the Mach band demonstration.

C  color constancy.

D  the cocktail sausage demonstration.

E  lateral inhibition.

A  its buttons are stimulated.

B  there is an IPSP.

C  there is an EPSP.

D  its sodium-potassium pumps are stimulated.

E  the degree of depolarization on the axon adjacent to the hillock exceeds the threshold of excitation.

A  none of the choices

B  all of these

C  K+ ions into neurons. Na+ ions out of neurons.

D  Na+ ions into neurons. K+ ions into neurons.

A  PET

B  EEG

C  2-DG

D  TMS

E  ERP

A  from left to right.

B  retinotopically.

C  ipsilaterally.

D  from top to bottom.

E  on the basis of wavelength.

A  dopamine.

B  glutamate.

C  small-molecule neurotransmitters.

D  acetylcholine.

E  neuropeptides.

A  metabotropism.

B  ionotropism.

C  coexistence.

D  covalence.

E  cohabitation.

A  it produces lesions that can be reversed with drugs.

B  the damage that it produces lasts only a few weeks.

C  the subjects usually survive.

D  it can temporarily suppress neural activity in a particular area of the brain without damaging the brain.

E  the damage that it produces lasts only a day or two.

A  CT

B  MEG

C  PET

D  fMRI

E  MRI

A  frontal lobes.

B  all of these

C  dorsal stream.

D  hippocampus.

E  fusiform face area.

A  all of these

B  catecholamines

C  amino acids

D  indolamines

E  monoamines

A  EEG

B  angiography

C  PET

D  CT

E  MRI

A  posterior parietal cortex.

B  anterior cingulate cortex.

C  PAG.

D  inferotemporal cortex.

E  secondary somatosensory cortex.

A  movement.

B  circles.

C  straight lines.

D  dots of light.

E  contrast.

A  random motion, which tends to move ions down their concentration gradients, and electrostatic pressure, which forces ions down their electrostatic gradients

B  electrostatic pressure, which forces ions down their electrostatic gradients and sodium-potassium pumps, which distribute Na+ and K+ ions equally

C  sodium-potassium pumps, which distribute Na+ and K+ ions equally and random motion, which tends to move ions down their concentration gradients

D  none of the choices

A  APs.

B  second messengers.

C  IPSPs.

D  neurotransmitter.

E  EPSPs.

A  ligand-activated ion channels.

B  myelin.

C  nodes of Ranvier.

D  EPSPs.

E  voltage-activated ion channels.

A  None of these

B  high SES.

C  low SES.

D  middle SES.

A  Exhaustion

B  None of these

C  Alarm Response

D  Resitance

A  HPA axis

B  PNS

C  SNS

D  Selye

A  axons.

B  oligodendroglia.

C  glial cells.

D  neurons.

E  sulci.

A  genetics is to experience and learning is to genetics.

B  behaviorism is to ethology.

C  learning is to genetics.

D  learning is to genetics and behaviorism is to ethology.

E  genetics is to experience.

A  dopamine

B  None of above.

C  serotonin

D  stress

A  gray.

B  static.

C  immutable.

D  plastic.

E  white.

A  lower, blood

B  higher, glucocorticoid

C  zero, glucocorticoid

D  lower, glucocorticoid

A  do not have tails.

B  have tails.

C  do not have opposable thumbs.

D  cannot walk upright for short distances.

E  have opposable thumbs that are not useful for precise manipulation.

A  neurons.

B  neuroglia.

C  parts of the autonomic nervous system.

D  meninges.

E  myelin.

A  thymine is to uracil.

B  guanine is to uracil.

C  thymine is to cytosine.

D  uracil is to thymine.

E  uracil is to guanine.

A  clinical psychology

B  physiological psychology

C  neuropsychology

D  psychophysiology

E  psychopharmacology

A  lateral ventricles.

B  central canal.

C  all of these

D  subarachnoid space.

E  none of these

A  pituitary.

B  mesencephalon.

C  diencephalon.

D  medulla.

E  brain stem.

A  psychology.

B  neuroscience.

C  neurochemistry.

D  biopsychology.

E  neurophysiology.

A  converging operations.

B  guano.

C  zeitgeist.

D  canon.

E  confounds.

A  None of above.

B  Reduced

C  No

D  Increased

A  cerebral hemispheres.

B  cerebellum.

C  great cerebral commissure.

D  All of these

E  brain.

A  telencephalon

B  myelencephalon

C  metencephalon

D  mesencephalon

E  medulla

A  genotypes.

B  gametes.

C  phenotypes.

D  dominants.

E  alleles.

A  hippocampus.

B  human lifespan.

C  immune system.

D  All of these

A  periaqueductal gray.

B  cerebral aqueduct.

C  red nucleus.

D  superior colliculi.

E  substantia nigra.

A  cranial nerves

B  parasympathetic nervous system

C  sympathetic nervous system

D  somatic nervous system

E  autonomic nervous system

A  All of these

B  Sirt1

C  neurotrophins

D  human lifespan.

E  ATP

A  High Profile Axis

B  Hippocampus Percentage Area

C  Hippocampus Pineal Anterior

D  Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal

A  applied research.

B  biopsychological research.

C  correlational research.

D  case-study research.

E  pure research.

A  new-world monkeys.

B  primates.

C  old-world monkeys.

D  langurs.

A  temperature regulation.

B  attention.

C  memory.

D  ability to tell time.

E    

F  IQ.

A  form of Korsakoff’s syndrome.

B  learned response.

C  dualistic philosophy.

D  deficiency in the awareness of parts of one’s own body.

E  consequence of hypothalamic damage.

A  Parasympathetic Nervous System and Fight-Flight Response

B  Sympathetic Nervous System

C  Fight-Flight Response

D  Parasympathetic Nervous System

E  Sympathetic Nervous System and Fight-Flight Response

A  neurophysiology.

B  behavioral psychology.

C  neuroscience.

D  biopsychology.

E  cognitive behavior.

A  brain and the spinal cord.

B  ANS and the PNS.

C  ANS and the CNS.

D  SNS and the CNS.

E  PNS and the CNS.

A  critical thinking.

B  scientific inference.

C  functional imaging.

D  converging operations.

E  comparative analysis.

F    

A  analogous and homologous.

B  homologous.

C  analogous.

D  convergent.

E  convergent and homologous.

A  various kinds of small RNA molecules.

B  DNA methylation as an important epigenetic mechanism.

C  all of these

D  many active areas of nongene (junk) DNA.

E  histone remodeling as an important mechanism by which experience can influence gene expression.